• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2011

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 (NDPK2) is known to regulate the expression of antioxidant genes and auxin-responsive genes in plants. Previously, it was noted that the overexpression of Arabidopsis NDPK2 (AtNDPK2) under the control of an oxidative stress-inducible SWPA2 promoter in transgenic poplar (Populus alba ${\times}$ P. tremular var. glandulosa) plants (referred to as SN plants) enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress and improved growth (Plant Biotechnol J 9: 34-347, 2011). In this study, growth of transgenic poplar was assessed under living modified organism (LMO) field conditions in terms of biomass in the next year. The growth of transgenic poplar plants increased in comparison with non-transgenic plants. The SN3 and SN4 transgenic lines had 1.6 and 1.2 times higher dry weight in stems than non-transgenic plants at 6 months after planting, respectively. Transgenic poplar also exhibited increased transcript levels of auxin-response genes such as IAA1, IAA2, IAA5 and IAA6. These results suggest that enhanced AtNDPK2 expression increases plant biomass in transgenic poplar through the regulation of auxin-response genes.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.470-479
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• 2010

본 연구는 국산 백합나무의 육안 특성을 이용한 등급구분과 실대재 휨시험을 실시하여 이들의 강도 및 강성의 특성 구명을 통해 국산 백합나무의 구조용재로서의 이용가능성을 평가하였다. 활엽수의 육안등급구분규정이 국내에 존재하지 않아 몇몇 활엽수 제재목에 대한 규정을 포함하고 있는 NSLB (Northern Softwood Lumber Bureau) 규정에 따라 육안등급을 수행하였다. 수행 결과로부터 계산된 백합나무의 휨허용응력을 NDS (National Design Specification)에 제시된 설계치와의 비교를 통해 국산 백합나무가 충분한 강도성능을 가지고 있음을 확인 하였다. 또한 백합나무 제재목을 국내 등급규정에 따라 허용응력을 산정하여 이를 적용하는 데 있어 타당성을 평가하기 위해 국내 국립산림과학원 고시에 따라 육안등급을 수행하였다. 백합나무는 국립산림과학원 고시에 제시된 비중에 따른 수종군 중 소나무류에 포함되었다. 적합분포로 판단된 웨이블분포에 따른 휨허용응력은 1등급 10.0 MPa, 2등급 7.4 MPa, 3등급 4.1 MPa로 제시된 설계치보다 높은 값이 나타났다. 본 실험의 결과로부터 국내 규정에 준하여 국산 백합나무를 구조용재로 이용이 가능함을 확인하였다. 국산 백합나무의 휨탄성계수는 국내외 기준 설계치를 모두 충족시키지 못하였으나, 국산백합나무를 구조용재로 이용하기 위해 본 실험을 통해 얻어진 백합나무의 평균 휨탄성계수를 제안하되, 1등급과 2등급은 9,000 MPa, 3등급 이하는 8,000 MPa를 적용 하는 것이 타당한 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2017

GASA는 GA에 의해 조절되는 식물 유전자로서, 여러 식물에 보존되어 있고 다양한 조직에서 식물의 생장과 발달 및 스트레스 반응에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 GASA 유전자를 현사시나무(Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa)에서 분리하여 이를 PagGASA라 명명하고, 유전자의 구조와 발현특성을 조사하였다. PagGASA 유전자는 95개의 아미노산으로 구성된 단백질을 암호화하며, 아미노 말단에 시그널 펩티드 영역과 카르복시 말단에 12개 시스테인 잔기가 보존되어 있다. PagGASA는 현사시나무의 염색체에 1 ~ 2 copy 존재하며, 꽃과 뿌리에서 높게 발현하였다. 또한 PagGASA는 GA 뿐 아니라 ABA와 JA, SA와 같은 스트레스 관련 식물 호르몬의 처리에 의해서 발현이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 현사시나무에 형질전환하여 PagGASA를 과발현시킨 결과 건조 내성에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 PagGASA는 스트레스 관련 식물 호르몬 신호전달과 연결되어 건조 스트레스 방어기작에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.578-590
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• 2015

The present study examines the influence of slurry composting and biofiltration liquid fertilizer (SCBLF) treatment on the biomass characteristics of yellow poplar, and the optimization of organosolv pretreatment for sugar production. After SCBLF treatment, total exchangeable cation contents of yellow poplar was increased from $3.1g\;kg^{-1}$ to $4.4g\;kg^{-1}$, and as a result, biomass production of yellow poplar was also enhanced by 82.3%. Organosolv pretreatment was conducted with three independent variables: 1) reaction temperature: $133.2^{\circ}C$ to $166.8^{\circ}C$; 2) acid concentration: 0.2% to 1.8%; and 3) reaction time: 1.6 min to 18.4 min. Reaction temperature was the most significant variable in water insoluble solid (WIS) recovery rate. High overall sugar yield was attained from pretreatment conditions approximately 50% of WIS recovery rate, and the highest overall glucose yield (44.0%) was achieved from pretreatment at $140^{\circ}C$ with 1.5% acid concentration for 5 min. Consequently, 21.1% of glucose and 5.8% of xylose were produced from the organosolv pretreatment of SCBLF-treated 8-year-old yellow poplar.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.32-33
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• 1980

1980년(年) 9월(月), 수원(水原) 임목육종연구소(林木育種硏究所)의 포플러묘포(苗圃)에 식재(植栽)되어 있는 Populus deltoides 클론중(中)에서 잎에 모자이크병징(病徵)을 나타내는 개체(個体)가 수본(數本) 관찰(觀察)되었다. 모자이크병(病) 반조직(班組織)의 즙액(汁液)을 dip법(法)에 의(依)해 2% 인산(燐酸)텅스텐으로 Negative염색(染色)하여 전자현미경(電子顯微鏡)으로 검경(検鏡)한 결과(結果), 외국(外國)에서 포플러 모자이크 바이러스로 보고(報告)된 것과 같은 크기를 가진 길이 660~670nm되는 바이러스잎자(粒子)가 다수(多數) 관찰(觀察)되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2015

나무의 유전 공학적 연구를 위해서는 목본 고유의 유전자 및 프로모터 연구가 필수적이다. 우리는 포플러(P. alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa)의 Pagns-LTP 유전자의 867 bp 프로모터를 분리하였고, ${\beta}$-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter 유전자를 이용한 프로모터의 형질전환 포플러를 제작하여 특성 분석하였다. Pagns-LTP 유전자는 어린뿌리에서 강하게 발현되었고 어린잎에서는 약하게 발현되었으며, 그밖에 다른 조직에서는 발현되지 않았다. 또한, 프로모터의 활성은 뿌리와 어린잎에서 한정되었으며 어린뿌리의 세포 전체에서 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 이에 포플러 ns-LTP 프로모터 내의 cis-element를 조사하고 현사시나무에서 Pagns-LTP 프로모터를 분리한 후 활성을 분석하였다. 프로모터 내의 cis-element를 분석한 결과, 조직 특이적 발현과 호르몬 및 스트레스에 반응하는 다양한 cis-element가 존재함을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 포플러의 ns-LTP는 생장뿐만 아니라, 스트레스에도 관여할 것이라고 추측할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 목본의 유전자 기능 분석 및 다양한 응용 연구를 위해 유용하게 이용될 수 있는 도구로서의 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 1976

This Study was carried out to investigate the course of air-drying and drying defects of red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) and Italian poplar (Populus eurameriana I-476) boards 1,2 and 3cm thick in the flat pile. The results are as follows. 1. Air-drying curves for red pine and Italian poplar boards were same as figure 1 and 2. These moisture contents were lower in July and August during seasoning periods. 2. Air drying time of red pine board required to dry 15 percent moisture content in one week for 1 cm board, five weeks for 2 cm board and six weeks for 3cm board respectively. In case of Italian poplar boards, in one week for 1 cm board, four weeks for 2 cm and five weeks for 3 cm board. The thickness of board influenced the time for air drying. 3. Drying defects such as checking, warping and staining happened badly in pine than in Italian poplar boards. Especially, checking was severe in thicker board and warping in thinner board.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2011

We transferred Dhn5 (dehydrin5) gene from barley to poplar to determine the effect of its expression on the transgenic poplars. The results from northern blot analysis showed that the expression level of gene varied among the transgenic lines. During their culture on tissue culture media, the transgenic poplars formed vigorous growing callus in the presence of 5% PEG. When the transgenic poplars were growing in pots and witheld watering, they stayed much healthier than nontransgenic poplars. The transgenic poplars showed higher rates of photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance and evaporation rates under the drought stress, although there was no significant difference in soil water content within the treatments. The relative electrical conductivity of the transgenic poplars after 20% PEG treatment was lower than that of nontransgenic poplars. The results provide evidence that the expression of hvDhn5 gene conferred drought tolerance in the transgenic poplars.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.439-443
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• 2009

Dehydrins are group II, late embryogenesis abundant proteins that act putatively as chaperones in stressed plants. To elucidate the function of dehydrins in poplar, we isolated the $SK_2$-type dehydrin gene Podhn from Populus alba $\times$ P. tremula var. glandulosa suspension cells and analyzed its expression following treatments of abiotic stress, wounding and plant growth regulator. Sequence homology and phylogenetic analyses indicate Podhn encodes an acidic dehydrin (pI 5.14, 277 amino acids, predicted size 25.6 kDa) containing two lysine-rich "K-segments" and a 7-serine residue "S-segment", both characteristic of $SK_2$-type dehydrins. Southern blots show Podhn genes form a small gene family in poplar. Podhn was expressed in all tissues examined under unstressed conditions, but most strongly in cell suspensions (especially in the stationary phase). Drought, salt, cold and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) treatments enhanced Podhn expression, while wounding and jasmonic acid caused its reduction. Therefore, Podhn might be involved in ABA or stress response.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2022

The study was conducted to establish a method for the proliferation of hybrid poplar (P. alba × P. glandulosa) clone Bongwha1, an excellent biomass species. It was found that to collect the cuttings of Bonghwa1, it was necessary to use the main stem rather than the axillary branch. Stem growth by green-wood cuttings showed a tendency to decrease as the length of the collected cuttings increased, but the survival rate was low. Therefore, modified leafy stem cutting was attempted to increase the survival rate of the cuttings. In the modified leafy stem cutting method, 4 leaves were included in the cuttings, and especially, cuttings were performed using cuttings containing 2-4 cm xylem parts. Leafy stem cutting increased root growth and the number of stems, as well as the survival rate of hybrid poplar clone Bongwha1 compared to green-wood cuttings. The root growth of the leafy stem cutting poplar was better as there was more xylem part. Using two-year-old nursery stocks, the leafy stem cutting was used to produce about 66 cuttings. This study is expected to contribute to the mass propagation of high-quality nursery stocks.