• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.167-172
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• 1988

One and a half syndrome is an ipsilateral gaze paresis or palsy combined with an internuclear opthalmoplegia on controlateral gaze. The lesion site is at the paramedian pontine reticular formation and the adjacent MLF. The common causes are unilateral pontine infarction and multiple sclerosis. We experienced a case of one and a half syndrome which has a suspected small pontine infarct.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.130-141
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on ocular motility disorders (ptosis, bilateral upward gaze palsy, adduction impairment, and strabismus) caused by thalamus, midbrain and pontine infarctions.Methods : The patient was treated by using acupuncture, hominis placenta pharmacoacupuncture, and electroacupuncture treatment. The change of ptosis was evaluated by measurement of palpebral fissure width. The change of gaze palsy and strabismus were evaluated by comparison the photographs of the extraocular movements of patient. Strabismus also was evaluated by corneal reflex test.Results : Gaze palsy and strabismus were improved. Ptosis disappeared after Korean medicine treatment.Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment should be effective for the ocular motility disorders caused by thalamus, midbrain and pontine infarctions.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.1061-1067
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• 2018

A patient had central fever following pontine hemorrhage. Central hyperthermia caused by stroke is a rare case, and it is difficult to control. There are few case reports about central hyperthermia in Korean medical treatment (KMT). The patient suffered central hyperthermia accompanied by tachycardia, dyspnea, and irritability. However, there was no evidence of infection. Thus, hypnotics, sedatives, and a minor tranquilizer (Lorazepam and Midazolam) was prescribed. Despite a temperature peak of $39.9^{\circ}C$, most of the symptoms were alleviated. The patient's average body temperature was about $37^{\circ}C$, which is higher than most people at $36.5^{\circ}C$. His symptoms were diagnosed as ascendant hyperactivity of liver Yang (肝陽上亢), and the patient was prescribed Shihogayonggolmoryo-tang. During the 44 days of KMT, there was no change in his average body temperature and no central hyperthermia over $39^{\circ}C$. This case report demonstrates the possibility of controlling central hyperthermia caused by pontine hemorrhage using KMT.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.254-261
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• 2019

Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO) is characterized by lesion side eye's adduction limitation in lateral horizontal gaze and nystagmus in the abducting eye due to lesions in the Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF). Brainstem infarction is one of the causes of INO, but related issues have seldom been reported in the Korean medical literature. The present case was a pontine infarction patient with INO who complained of diplopia and eye movement disorder. The patient was treated with Korean medicine treatment, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping, and moxibustion for 30 days. Her changes in clinical symptoms were measured with a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and a length of External Ocular Movement (EOM), in which the patient's right eyeball moved to the left from the midline in the left gaze. After treatment, her clinical symptoms were improved. Diplopia decreased from NRS 10 to NRS 2, and eye movement disorder was improved such that EOM increased from 1mm to 5 mm. Therefore, integrative Korean medicine treatment may be effective in the treatment of INO patients caused by pontine infarction.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.929-939
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• 2022

This case report determines the effects of Korean medicine treatment on a pontine hemorrhage with a cavernous malformation. In this study, Korean medicine treatments, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and moxibustion, were administered for 30 days. During the hospitalization period, evaluations were performed using the Scott and Kraft Scale, eye movement, 9-gaze photography, the House-Brackmann grading system, and Yanagihara's unweighted grading system on days 1, 12, and 30. The Scott and Kraft Scale increased from -4 to -2, while eye movement increased from 43.1% to 72.3%. The House-Brackmann grading system improved from 4 to 2, and Yanagihara's unweighted grading system increased from 13 to 31. We also discovered that the movement of the left eye was improved by 9-gaze photography. Our findings suggest that Korean medicine treatment has potential effects on esotropia and facial palsy caused by a pontine hemorrhage with a cavernous malformation.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

■ Objectives The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effect of Sosiho-tang(小柴胡湯) on a patient with Central fever due to pontine hemorrhage. ■ Methods A patient with central fever diagnosed with pontine hemorrhage was treated with herbal medication, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture(EA). Then we evaluated the improvement by average and peak of each day's body temperature. ■ Results Decrease of average and peak of each day's body temperature were observed after taking Sosiho-tang(小柴胡湯). ■ Conclusion This study proved the effect of moxibustion treatment on left side paresthesia due to central post-stroke pain.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1621-1625
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• 2008

Generally, hiccup is a temporary symptom, however, persistent or intractable hiccup that repeats continuously or does not respond to medical treatments makes the patients very painful. In this case, a seventy-two years old patient with pontine infarction showed symptoms as aspiration pneumonia and persistent hiccup a few days after hospitalized. We considered him as excess heat pattern and prescribed Yangkyuk-san. In the result, not only the frequency and intensity of hiccup were remarkably decreased but also the inflammation and overall symptoms by pontine infarction were improved.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.487-490
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• 2015

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a relapsing-remitting disorder for which steroid administration is a key to control the progression. CLIPPERS can exhibit radiological features similar to malignant lymphoma, whose diagnosis is confounded by prior steroid administration. We report a case of CLIPPERS accompanied by abnormal elevation of ${\beta}-2$ microglobulin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A 62-year-old man started to experience numbness in all fingers of his left hand one year ago, which gradually extended to his body trunk and legs on both sides. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated numerous small enhancing spots scattered in his brain and spinal cord. CSF levels of ${\beta}-2$ microglobulin were elevated; although this often indicates central nervous system involvement in leukemia and lymphoma, the lesions were diagnosed as CLIPPERS based on the pathological findings from a biopsy specimen. We emphasize the importance of biopsy to differentiate between CLIPPERS and malignant lymphoma because the temporary radiological response to steroid might be the same in both diseases but the treatment strategies regarding the use of steroid are quite different.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to show the effects Oriental medicine and treatment for aftereffects of Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM). Methods: The 52-year-old woman suffering from CPM showed symptoms of weakness of both extremities, dysarthria, dysphagia and gait disturbance. We treated the patient with oriental medical therapy. Results: After the treatments, overall symptoms of CPM were improved. Conclusions: This study suggests that oriental medical therapy is probably effective in the treatment of CPM.

• Brain & NeuroRehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

The brain necrosis induced by radiation therapy (RT) is an uncommon pathology of brain. A case of spontaneous hemorrhage at necrotic brain is also rare. A 52-year-old man who had nasopharyngeal carcinoma and had been treated with RT, presented with gait disturbance, dizziness, ataxia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated progressed radiation necrosis of pons, and spontaneous hemorrhage at the site of necrosis. The hematoma was diminished by conservative treatment. However, the patient's neurologic symptoms did not recover. Two years later, spontaneous bleeding recurred at necrotic brain. His neurologic symptoms worsened. One year later, his neurologic symptoms were more progressed. He showed severe dysphagia, profound weakness and respiratory failure. This case provides the description of relapsed spontaneous hemorrhage and medullary dysfunction caused by pontine necrosis and progressed post-radiation injury, complicated with hemorrhage, and urges caution in that the necrotic brain tissue may be vulnerable to bleeding.