• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.394-400
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• 1990

In the previous paper, we reported that the bacteriostatic effect of condensed phosphate. The present study was intended to observe influence of various environmental factors on the bacteriostatic effect of condensed phosphates in the laboratory media, in order to get the information on the possibility to use the phosphate as food preservative. Bacteriostatic effect of sodium polyphosphate was not reduced by the heating at 100 for 1 hour, but it was considerably decreased by heating at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min and the phosphate sensitivity of bacteria was increased by freezing and heating. On the other hand, the strong bacteriostatic activity of condensed phosphate was observed below pH 6.5 in nutrient broth culture, and the activity was decreased by the addition of $CaCl_2$, KCl and $MgSO_4$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

Laboratory experiments were aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrate as a electron acceptor during the biological phosphorus uptake and to investigate the microbial community. Anaerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) compared the removal behaviour to anaerobic-oxic SBR, both SBRs maintained lower effluent quality with 1.0 mgp/1. Anaerobic-anoxic SBR was able to remove additional 5.0 to 7.0 mg (P+N)/ι than other biological nutrient removal (BM) system. Therefore, it was proposed that the anaerobic-anoxic SBR was more effective at weak sewage. From the results of the maicrobial community analysis, it can be inferred that denitrifying bacteria and polyphosphate accumulating bacteria coexist in anaerobic-anoxic SBR during stable condition for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus. Particularly, it was suggested that the Zoogloea ramigera in the $\beta$-subclass of proteobacteria and the Alcaligenes defragrans of the Rhodocyclus group in the $\beta$-subclass of proteobacteria played a major role for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus as dPAOs (denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms).

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.222-227
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• 2020

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is required for the biosynthesis of inositol phosphates (IPs) through the phosphorylation of multiple IP metabolites such as IP3 and IP4. The biological significance of IPMK's catalytic actions to regulate cellular signaling events such as growth and metabolism has been studied extensively. However, pharmacological reagents that inhibit IPMK have not yet been identified. We employed a structure-based virtual screening of publicly available U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs and chemicals that identified the antidepressant, vilazodone, as an IPMK inhibitor. Docking simulations and pharmacophore analyses showed that vilazodone has a higher affinity for the ATP-binding catalytic region of IPMK than ATP and we validated that vilazodone inhibits IPMK's IP kinase activities in vitro. The incubation of vilazodone with NIH3T3-L1 fibroblasts reduced cellular levels of IP5 and other highly phosphorylated IPs without influencing IP4 levels. We further found decreased Akt phosphorylation in vilazodone-treated HCT116 cancer cells. These data clearly indicate selective cellular actions of vilazodone against IPMK-dependent catalytic steps in IP metabolism and Akt activation. Collectively, our data demonstrate vilazodone as a method to inhibit cellular IPMK, providing a valuable pharmacological agent to study and target the biological and pathological processes governed by IPMK.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1970

Nucleic acid and protein biosynthese of the glucose-bleached Chlorella cells in relation to the process of the chloroplast reformation were traced, by measuring the changes in the amounts of cell constituents and nuclease activities of the cells during the greening process. The contents of RNA and protein of the glucose-bleached cells decreased significantly, shile the contents of nucleotides and amino acids of the cells increased to compared with those of the control, showing that the biosynthetic activities of RNA and protein of the cells were inhibited severely in the glucose-bleaching process. In the early greening process of the glucose-bleached Chlorella cells the contents of RNA and protein of the cells increased significantly, while the contents of nucleotides nad amino acids of the cells increased to compared with those of the control, showing that the biosynthetic activities of RNA and protein of the cells were inhibited severely in the glucose-bleaching process. In the early greening process of the glucose-bleached Chlorella cells the contents of RNA and protein of the cells increased significantly wihout any increase in the chlorophyll contents showing that the massive biosynthese of RNA and protein proceed prior to the chlorophyll bioynthesis in the cells. The phosphate contents in the DNA fraction of the glucose-bleached cells decreased, but the contents of acid-insoluble polyphosphate increased to compared with those of the control in the early greening porcess, exhibiting that the incorporation of the phosphorus from acid-insoluble polyphosphate into DNA was retarded. In the greening process of the glucose-bleached cells the ribonuclease nad deoxyribonuclease activities of the cells decreased to compared with those of the control, although the initial activities of the both enzymes in the cell were far great compared with the control. Although the initial phosphate contents in the lipid fraction of the glucose-bleached Chlorella cells were more great than the control, the phosphate contents in the lipid fraction of the cells decreased in the early greening process to compared with control, and then increased in the late developmental stages in which massive chlorophyll biosynthesis occured.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the effect of cryoprotectants (sugar, sorbitol, polyphosphate) on the physico-chemical characteristics of chicken breast surimi manufactured by pH adjustment (pH 11.0) during freezing storage. The final surimi was divided into experimental units to which the following treatments were randomly assigned: C (Alaska pollack surimi: two washings, 4% sugar +5% sorbitol ${\pounds}'$ 0.3% polyphosphate additive): T1 (chicken breast surimi: pH 11.0 adjusted, 0.3% polyphosphate additive): T2 (chicken breast surimi pH 11.0 adjusted, 5% sorbitol +0.3% polyphosphate additive); T3 (chicken breast surimi: pH 11.0 adjusted, 4% sugar +5% sorbitol +0.3% polyphosphate additive). The crude protein content of the control was higher than all treated samples, however the moisture, crude fat and crude ash of T3 were higher than the control (p<0.05). The pH, WHC and collagen content of the control were higher than all of the treated samples, and these values decreased with storage time for all treatments and the control (p<0.05). The cholesterol content of the control was lower than all treated samples, but the myofibrillar protein contents of all treated samples were higher than the control (p<0.05). The cooking loss of T2 was lower than the control and the other two treatments (p<0.05). The $L^*,\;a^*\;and\;b^*$ values of all treated samples were higher than those of the control during freezing storage (p<0.05). The W value of T3 at 1.5 and 3 months of freezing storage was higher than the control and T1 (p<0.05). The myoglobin and met-Mb contents of the control were similar to all treated samples, and the met-Mb content of the control and all treated samples increased with storage time (p<0.05). Immediately after freezing, the hardness of the control was higher than all treated samples, however it was lower after 1.5 and 3 months of frozen storage (p<0.05). The cohesiveness and gumminess of the control were higher than all treated samples immediately after freezing, however the values for T3 were higher than those of the control and the other two treatments during frozen storage for 1.5 and 3 months (p<0.05).

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.105-108
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• 2000

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is not always successfully achieved by anaerobic/aerobic operation. It has been reported that the EBPR deterioration was caused by the outgrowth of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO) over polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO). It was found that pHcould be a tool which might induce the success of EBPR in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) supplied with acetate. When the pH of anaerobic phase was controlled at 7.0, the operation resulted in failure of EBPR. However, when the pH of anaerobic phase increased up to 8.4, complete EBPR was achieved. We explained the mechanism of pH effect on the competition between GAO and PAO with experimental results and previously proposed biochemical models.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 1985

Effect of phosphate (sodium polyphosphate 85%, sodium hexametaphosphate 7% and potassium phosphate 7%) on gelatinization of nonwaxy and waxy rice starches was investigated with X-ray diffractometry. The minimum moisture content for the gelatinization of nonwaxy starches was lowered in the presence of phosphate. The minimum temperature for the gelatinization of 5% starch suspensions was not altered by phosphate. However, the degree of gelatinigation of rice starches at the same temperature was higher in the presence of phosphate, except waxy rice starch.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.411-418
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• 2002

The current study evaluated the disinfection efficiency of free chlorine and chloramine for microorganisms on various pipe materials, such as copper, galvanized steel, carbon steel, and stainless steel. In addition, the effect of internal pipe corrosion and corrosion inhibitors on the bactericidal efficiency was evaluated using a simulated loop. For disinfection with a phosphate corrosion inhibitor, chloramination was found to be more effective than chlorination due to its persistence. Free chlorine disinfection was optimized with a high phosphoric acid concentration, while chloramine disinfection was optimized with a high phosphoric acid or low polyphosphate concentration. In simulated copper and galvanized steel loop tests, chloramination with phosphoric acid was demonstrated to be more effective.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1317-1322
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to find out the effectiveness on germinated seed of Rhynchosia Volubilis for Female Bone Morphogenesis. For this purpose, We compared two methods. water extract and alcohol extract using germinated Rhynchosia Volubilis(GRV) according to germinating days were conducted to measure the polyphosphate contents and investigate HOS-TE85 propagation rate. Both water and alcohol extract two methods were not toxicant. And if not excessively treated, alcohol extract rate were more about $5{\sim}15$ times than water extract rate. So usually water extract were better than alcohol extract. but in case of osteoporosis, alcohol extract were effective.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.221-222
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• 2013

다양한 첨가제가 들어가는 고분자 화합물(compound)의 제조에 있어 난연 발포 보조제인 팽창흑연(Expandable Graphite, EGP)은 흡유가가 낮기 때문에 비교적 많은 양을 첨가해도 혼합(Mixing)이 잘 되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 인계 난연제 APP(Ammonium Polyphosphate)를 사용한 난연 EPDM(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) 폼에 팽창흑연 첨가량을 증가시키면서 산소 지수와 발열량을 통해 난연 성능의 변화를 분석하였다. 산소지수는 ISO 4589-2 상온 산소지수 방법을, 발열량 평가는 ISO 5660-1 콘 칼로리미터를 활용하였다.