• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.513-520
• /
• 2020

This research aims to examine the difference in participation motivation, participation experience and identity negotiation between generations of overseas Koreans in the National Sports Festival(NSF). The subjects for this study were 360 overseas Koreans who took part in the 100th NSF held in Seoul in 2019. The results are as follows; First, while the first generation participated in the NSF because of visiting family and maintaining Korean identity, the second generation took part in the event for self-realization. Second, the second generation had more negative experiences than the second generation during the NSF. Third, while the first generation negotiated more identity with origin, the second generation had more identity with settlement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.97-108
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to generate a proper regulation improvement direction of the public If project contract law through the current four contract methods and three methods of the awarding party of a contract method. The research method for this paper is derived from the written materials of the present public IT project contract law. Two problems have been processed in order to produce the results: the current contract methods and the awarding party of a contract method. The current contract methods consist of a competition contract, a private contract, and a supply methodology contract, The methods of the awarding party of a contract display a qualified evaluation regulation, the 2nd step competition bid, a standard cost separation tender, and a contract by a negotiation. The results exhibit that the general competition contract consists of four improvement items. The contract by a negotiation contains five improvement items. The group private contract has one improvement item. And the private contract includes one improvement item. These results implicate that the current public IT project contract law demands better improvement work for the ubiquitous Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.1124-1128
• /
• 2005

In this paper, a plan-coordination architecture is proposed for multi-agent control in the fractal manufacturing system (FrMS). A fractal in FrMS is a set of distributed agents whose goal can be achieved through cooperation, coordination, and negotiation with other agents. Since each agent in the FrMS generates, achieves, and modifies its own plan fragments autonomously during the coordination process with other agents, it is necessary to develop a systematic methodology for the achievement of global plan in the manufacturing system. The heterarchical structure of the FrMS provides a compromised plan-coordination approach, it compromise a centralized plan-generation/execution (which mainly focuses on the maximization of throughput) with a distributed one (which focuses on the autonomy of each module and flexibility of the whole system). Plan-coordinators in lower level fractal independently generate plan fragments according to the global plan of higher level fractal, and plan-coordinators in higher level fractal mediate/coordinate the plan fragments to enhance the global performance of the system. This paper assumes that generation method of the plan fragments and the negotiation policy of the fractal is achieved by a simple process, and we mainly focuses on the information exchanging and distributed decision making process to coordinate the combinations of plan fragments within a limited exchange of information.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.23-40
• /
• 2010

This study investigated the effects of imported fisheries products on WTO/DDA tariff negotiations. To calculate the results, the study estimated the demand functions of imported fisheries products by using unit root and cointegration approaches. These approaches allowed us to solve spurious regression problems with macro-economic variables. In addition, this study surmised the effects of change by individually imported fish products from a tariff negotiation model using price elasticities of estimated import demand function. In a process of the analysis for estimating import effects, this study found out that 39 out of 128 imported fish products had positive (+) price elasticities or did not exhibit cointegrations. To cure this problem, this study suggested that the effects of these 39 imported products be estimated with the average variation rate of import volume, rather than by the Ordinary Least Squares approach. In this study, a case-study of tariff formula with coefficient 8 based on a 'Swiss formula' for priority duty rate of 2001 and 2008 was used by to analyze the effect of change in the 128 imported fish products of both years, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.8 no.spc1
• /
• pp.391-409
• /
• 2005

Free trade agreements have fast grown into a global phenomenon and their impact and repercussions are felt more strongly everyday. Korea, joining this large trend of the global economy, is currently pressing ahead with its negotiation rounds for FTA. In this paper, we focus on the e-commerce sector affected by the Korea-Singapore FTA, and the main issues and the future countermeasure directions of e-commerce on FTA has been analyzed. In conclusion, FTA is not an option even though there are still many remaining issues to be discussed regarding its effects. We identified countries excluding themselves from FTA are losing international competitiveness, and moreover, the losing competitiveness will end up more serious problems since the importance of FTA is especially high for e-commerce, as e-commerce accounts for a growing share of international trade. This paper also discusses the far-reaching potential consequences of the content of an international agreement at a government-to-government level on the economy and industry of a country by presenting past examples from. Korea, and recommends that policy-makers should exercise extreme vigilance in their negotiation of terms and conditions for FTA.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.23-42
• /
• 2006

Services, despite the difficulty of its exact definition, can be defined as deeds, efforts, or performances by economical bodies, attributing to four unique characteristics - intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability. This study aims to research the global competition and problems of the local professional services, especially educational services and health services, and to suggest some devices for increasing the exportation of both educational services and health services. Educational services and health services were reserved in the multilateral negotiation to open the WTO parties' markets because of its national public benefits. But it is indispensable to open our local market by the bilateral FTA negotiation. Legal restrictions, therefore, related to both education and health should be erased according to the basic rule of the market competition, and it is advisable to control the national public benefit of these services by enacting the different legal systems. For recovering from minus balance of payment in the educational services or health services, furthermore, it is necessary to drive rather some offensive exporting policies than the defensive policy against supply from the foreign countries. In conclusion, the korean Foreign Trade Act and other relative acts should be revised, and both educational services and health services should be contained within the definition of "the international trade" for the governmental benefits of supporting the services exportation.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.319-353
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to generate a proper regulation improvement direction of the public IT project contract law through the current four contract methods and three methods of the awarding party of a contract method. The research method for this paper is derived from the written materials of the present public IT project contract law. Two problems have been processed in order to produce the results: the current contract methods and the awarding party of a contract method. The current contract methods consist of a competition contract, a private contract, and a supply methodology contract. The methods of the awarding party of a contract display a qualified evaluation regulation, the 2nd step competition bid, a standard cost separation tender, and a contract by a negotiation. The results exhibit that the general competition contract consists of four improvement items. The contract by a negotiation contains five improvement items. The group private contract has one improvement item. And the private contract includes one improvement item. These results implicate that the current public IT project contract law demands better improvement work for the ubiquitous Korea.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.231-242
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to generate a proper regulation improvement direction of the public IT project contract law through the current four contract methods and three methods of the awarding party of a contract method. The research method for this paper is derived from the written materials of the present public IT project contract law. Two problems have been processed in order to produce the results: the current contract methods and the awarding party of a contract method. The current contract methods consist of a competition contract, a private contract, and a supply methodology contract. The methods of the awarding party of a contract display a qualified evaluation regulation, the 2nd step competition bid, a standard cost separation tender, and a contract by a negotiation. The results exhibit that the general competition contract consists of four improvement items. The contract by a negotiation contains five improvement items. The group private contract has one improvement item. And the private contract includes one improvement item. These results implicate that the current public IT project contract law demands better improvement work for the ubiquitous Korea.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.313-321
• /
• 2014

Agriculture is a vulnerable sector to climate change because it is a primary industry directly exposed to climate. At the same time, it is a sector emitting greenhouse gases during agricultural activities, thereby affecting climate change. However, agriculture is a nascent subject under the UNFCCC. The agriculture sector needs both adaptation and mitigation. Currently, co-benefit of adaptation and mitigation is emphasized during climate change negotiation. Developing country parties are in a position to focus on adaptation rather than mitigation. As a result, mitigation is not being addressed enough during climate negotiation. Agriculture has been addressed through Nairobi Work Programme and NAPA. Since current efforts for greenhouse gas reduction are not sufficient for stabilizing the atmospheric system of the Earth to prevent climate change, the agriculture sector should also be considered for greenhouse gas reduction. For this, MRV for small farmers in developing countries and incentives for their mitigation efforts should be developed in agriculture sector. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation for developing capacities for vulnerable countries and people to climate change.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2006

With extension of national jurisdiction over coastal living resources, new dimensions and objectives should be added to international cooperation in distant-water fisheries concepts. For distant-water fishing nations, Korea, joint exploitation of these resources is today considered not only as a way of producing additional income opportunities, but first of all as at least a partial solution to neutralization of harvesting limitations imposed on them in traditionally exploited fishing grounds.This paper explores the development of Korean distant-water fisheries agreements and reviews the various types of agreements currently in place and discusses the future of Korean distant-water fisheries agreements with third countries. The relationship between coastal States and fishing fleets from non-adjacent countries has been transformed since the 1980s. This was primarily a result of the declaration of Exclusive Economic Zones(EEZs) by many coastal states in the years leading up to the close of the negotiations of the UNCLOS in 1982. Significantly, by recognizing the right of coastal states to determine how their waters were to be exploited, UNCLOS provided a legal basis and economic motivation for the negotiation of access agreements between coastal states and distant-water fishing nations, KoreaThere is a real danger that Korean distant-water fisheries agreements could and do result in the adverse environmental impacts experienced in Korean coastal waters being transferred to third country water and consequently creating socio-economic problems for these third countries. Korean distant-water fisheries agreements with third countries have the potential to be a force for good if they are well managed and if the principals that will be applied within Korean coastal waters, through the reform of the distant-water fisheries policy, are applied equally upon third country waters.