• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.15 no.spc1
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• pp.147-151
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• 2000

Symbiotic stars, believed to be binary systems of a mass-losing giant and a white dwarf with an emission nebula, are known to exhibit very broad wings around Hex that extend to $\~10^3km\;s^{-1}$. The wing formation mechanism is not a settled matter and recently Lee (2000) proposed that Raman scattering of Ly$\beta$ by neutral hydrogen is responsible for the broad H$\alpha$ wings. In this model, it is predicted that. the Hex wings will be polarized depending on the geometric and kinematic distribution of the scatterers relative to the UV emission region. In this paper, we investigate the polarization of Hex wings in symbiotic stars. Noting that many symbiotic stars possess bipolar nebular morphology, we assume that the distribution of neutral scatterers follows the similar pattern with a receding velocity of several tens of km $s^{-1}$ that mimics the expansion of the neutral envelope of the nebula. It is found that the red wing is more strongly polarized than the blue and main part and that the polarization direction is along the equatorial plane. We obtain a typical degree of polarization $\~10$ percent, however, it varies depending on the detailed distribution of H I scatterers We conclude that spectropolarimetry will provide very important information on the origin of the Hex wings.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.3054-3067
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• 2015

The phenomena of higher channel cross polarization discrimination (XPD) is mainly observed for future wireless technologies such as small cell network and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Therefore, utilization of high XPD is very important and space-polarization division multiple access (SPDMA) with dual-polarized MIMO system could be a suitable solution to high-speed transmission in high XPD environment as well as reduction of array size at base station (BS). By SPDMA with dual-polarized MIMO system, two parallel data signals can be transmitted by both vertically and horizontally polarized antennas to serve different mobile stations (MSs) simultaneously compare to conventional space division multiple access (SDMA) with single-polarized MIMO system. This paper analyzes the performance of SPDMA for maximum ratio transmission (MRT) in time division duplexing (TDD) system by proposed dual-polarized MIMO spatial channel model (SCM) compare to conventional SDMA. Simulation results indicate that how SPDMA utilizes the high XPD as the number of MS increases and SPDMA performs very close to conventional SDMA for same number of antenna elements but half size of the array at BS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.21-21
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• 1995

The structures of 17GHz microwave burst for bipolar sunspots have investigated. which included the effects of the projected shapes of radio sources as they traverse across the solar disk using a magnetic loop employing a model of solenoid coils. An ensemble of high-energy electrons confined in the loop be assumed. The projected brightnesls distributions of gyrosynchrotron emission in x- and o-modes are computed and converted into total intensity and circular polarization difference at 17GHz for various heliocentric distances using numerical integration of the transfer equation along the line of sight. The results of computations at 17GHz for optical thin case will be presented. and the effects of the orientation of the loop will be discussed in detail, as well as the effect of size, position, Structure, and polarization of the emission. Also the results of the various physical P8lrameters such as the strength of magnetic field. high and low energy cut-off of accelerated electrons. spectral index and density of electrons will be preslmted. After comparing the results of model calculation with observations. we found that the observations can be well explained in terms of a loop model and its projection effect.effect.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.197-199
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• 2006

The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are being used in a variety of applications including portable power generation, transportation and back-up power systems. In this paper presents a novel circuit model for a PEMFC that can be used to design and analyze fuel-cell power system. The Pspice-based model uses BJTs, L and C elements available in the Pspice library with some modification. The model includes the phenomena like activation polarization, ohmic polarization and mass transport effect present in a PEM fuel cell. Simulated characteristics of the fuel cell were compared with the experimental results obtained on a commercial fuel cell.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.9A
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• pp.788-794
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• 2005

In this paper, we focus on the potential of dual polarized antennas in mobile system. thus, this paper designs exact dual polarized channel with Spatial Channel Model (SCM) and investigates the performance for certain environment. Using proposed the channel model; we know estimates of the channel capacity as a function of cross polarization discrimination (XPD) and spatial fading correlation. It is important that the MIMO channel matrix consists of Kronecker product dividable spatial and polarized channel. Through the channel characteristics, we propose an algorithm for the adaptation of transmit antenna configuration to time varying propagation environments. The optimal active transmit antenna subset is determined with equal power allocated to the active transmit antennas, assuming no feedback information on types of the selected antennas. We first consider a heuristic decision strategy in which the optimal active transmit antenna subset and its system capacity are determined such that the transmission data rate is maximized among all possible types. This paper then proposes singular values decision procedure consisting of Kronecker product with spatial and polarize channel. This method of singular value decision, which the first channel environments is determined using singular values of spatial channel part which is made of environment parameters and distance between antennas. level of correlation. Then we will select antenna which have various polarization type. After spatial channel structure is decided, we contact polarization types which have considerable cases It is note that the proposed algorithms and analysis of dual polarized channel using SCM (Spatial Channel Model) optimize channel capacity and reduce the number of transmit antenna selection compare to heuristic method which has considerable 100 cases.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2021

Excessive salt intake induces hypertension, but several gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplements have been shown to reduce blood pressure. GABA-salt, a fermented salt by L. brevis BJ20 containing GABA was prepared through the post-fermentation with refined salt and the fermented GABA extract. We evaluated the effect of GABA-salt on hypertension in a high salt, high cholesterol diet induced mouse model. We analyzed type 1 macrophage (M1) polarization, the expression of M1 related cytokines, GABA receptor expression, endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and medial thicknesses in mice model. GABA-salt attenuated diet-induced blood pressure increases, M1 polarization, and TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels in mouse aortas, and in salt treated macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, GABA-salt induced higher GABAB receptor and endothelial NOS (eNOS) and eNOS phosphorylation levels than those observed in salt treated ECs. In addition, GABA-salt attenuated EC dysfunction by decreasing the levels of adhesion molecules (E-selectin, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 [ICAM-1], vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1]) and of von Willebrand Factor and reduced EC death. GABA-salt also reduced diet-induced reductions in the levels of eNOS, phosphorylated eNOS, VSMC proliferation and medial thickening in mouse aortic tissues, and attenuated Endothelin-1 levels in salt treated VSMCs. In summary, GABA-salt reduced high salt, high cholesterol diet induced hypertension in our mouse model by reducing M1 polarization, EC dysfunction, and VSMC proliferation.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.158-163
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• 2021

The frequency-domain induced polarization (IP) response based on Cole-Cole model is expressed as a simple equation in close form. However, it is difficult to compute the time-domain IP response based on Cole-Cole model or any other relaxation model because it cannot be written in closed form. In this study, using numerical experiments, we compared three numerical methods for calculating the time-domain IP response of the Cole-Cole model asymptotically: series expansion, digital linear filtering and Fourier transform. The series expansion method is inadequately accurate for certain time values and converges very slowly. A digital linear filter specially designed to calculate the time-domain IP response does not present the desired accuracy, especially at later times. The Fourier transform method can overcome the abovementioned problems and present the time-domain IP response with adequate accuracy for all time values, even though more computing time is required.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1997

We have obtained theoretical calibration curves to convert the amount of polarization into the strength of magnetic field, by a numerical calculation of radiation transfer for the polarized spectral line of FeI $6303{\AA}$. In our calculation, three kinds of atmospheric models (VAL-C, penumbra, umbra) have been used to make a proper calibration for an active region composed of quiet, penumbral and umbral areas. It was found that firstly, the results of our calculation depend highly on a kind of atmospheric model rather than on any other input parameters used in a model. Secondly, observed line profile showed m solar spectrum atlas proved to be very similar to the calculated profiles obtained by using a penumbra model. Finally, another method except this calibration curve should be developed to estimate correctly the distribution of magnetic field in solar active region from the observation of polarized spectral line.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.1B
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• pp.114-124
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• 2002

In this paper, we proposed the image-based 3D ray tracing indoor propagation model using a patch scattering model for fading analysis of indoor propagation environments. An image-based 3D ray tracing technique is mainly used, which allows the rapid generation of the complex channel impulse response for any given location and polarization of transmitter and receiver. Due to the site specific nature of indoor environment, we took into account the location and the electrical properties of individual walls and objects such as windows, doors and plaster board in our propagation model. Besides, the 3D radiation beam-patterns and polarizations of arbitrary antennas were considered, and using patch scattering model we can consider the change of the polarization due to the scattering from the various indoor objects, like desks, chairs and etc. the are almost impossible to be modeled with the basic image-based ray tracing method. The model will predict the impulse response, the rms delay spread, the fading characteristics of the channel and performances of the polarization diversity schemes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.390-395
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• 2009

Design and optimization of a broadband meander-line twist reflector was performed for X-band application. Based on the equivalent transmission line model, the polarization twist performance was evaluated. Genetic analysis, particles swarm, and hybrid swarm optimizations were employed to obtain the optimized geometrical parameters. The optimized design exhibits low cross-polarization level below - 25 dB between 8.45 and 11.38 GHz. The polarization twist loss was below 0.2 dB. Comparison between computed and simulated results was also discussed.