• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.271-296
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• 2010

Objective: Poisonous Medicinal herbs can be considered as a risk factor to public health unless they are prescribed by Doctor of traditional Korean medicine. The proper method to manage them should be prepared to prevent risk factors caused by misuse and abuse of the poisonous medicinal herbs and enhance public health. Methods: In this dissertation (paper), the definition, scope, management status, data about pharmacology and toxicity and media release regarding adverse reaction were understood after organizing documents, laws and regulations concerning poisonous medicinal herbs. Also, management methods are suggested by analyzing related examples and regulations in China, Japan and Hong Kong, where the use of herbal medicine is general. Results: Methods for items for poisonous medicinal herbs, safety information management, management based on standardization of traditional processing methodology and reorganization and revision of related laws and regulations are established. Conclusion: Proper laws and regulations are not yet established to manage poisonous medicinal herbs in Korea. In this regard, it is urgent to establish laws and regulations which can apply independently. The purpose of the laws and regulations should be to enhance management of poisonous medicinal herbs and prevent incidence of addiction and death, improving the public health.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2002

From the study of the definition of and intoxication, detoxication poisonous drug, the symptom and treatment of intoxication, andantidotes with DONG YUI BO GAM etc, it can be concluded as follows. 1. In ancint times, the poisonous drug was a drug which could treat diseases but after that it has been a drug which can injure one's health because it has severe property, poison or side effects 2. Intoxication means that poison goes and works in the body. Detoxication means treatment which clears the symptom of intoxication and removes the toxin in the body or on the body 3. At the intoxication's symptom, vomiting, madness, diarrhea, abdomianl pain, consumption are frequent in order 4. At the intoxication's treatment, vomiting method is used when poison is in the stomach, purgative method is used when poison is the intestine. 5. Mostly Hei-dou is used in drugs and Gan-kao. Qing-yan are used in order. 6. Mostly drugs of reliving fever are used in drugs. 7. Mostly cold drugs are used in drugs and warm, even, hot, cool drugs are used in order and mostly mild drugs are used in drugs and bitter, hot, salty, sore drugs are used in order.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 2004

Aconiti Root(AR), has been used for about 2000 years, since recorded for low grade in 'Shinnongbonchokyung(Divine Husbandman's Herbal Foundation canon)'. It also recorded for Poisonous Drug in 'Myunguibyullok', 'Yaksungron', etc, and they advised when the AR is using for clinical desease it has to be processed. There are more than 13 processing methods, in records that related 39 parts which is recorded in ancient documents. In China, there are no standard of herb that using for clinical, cause of the traditional processing methods was cut since 1960s. In these days, they are using AR that recorded in Aconiti Tuber part of the processing records, in Guangdong and Shantung. In addition, the modification of Processed Aconiti Root(PAR) is also used for goods in Hongkong, Macao, and Southeast Asia. We studied the PAR for enhancing the importance of it, and multiply using. In this study, we search for the history of processing of AR, traditional theories of processing and clinical adaptation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2 s.62
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• pp.166-175
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• 2005

Objecitve: To present criteria for acupuncture standardization, which will improve the quality of acupuncture and secure safety, through studies of the biocompatibility of acupuncture needles. Methods: Acupuncture needles distributed in Korea were studied. Acute poisonous tests and pyrogenicity materials tests were executed to study the biocompatibility of acupuncture needles. Results & Conclusions: All 3 brands of acupuncture needles commonly distributed in Korea were found suitable for medical use, through acute poisonous tests and pyrogenicity materials tests. However, the medical instrument standards of the Korea Food and Drug Administration for acupuncture lack criteria concerning acute poisonous tests and pyrogenicity materials tests. The criteria for these tests should be standardized in order to secure the biocompatibility of acupuncture needles.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.91-95
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• 2013

It is important to check the types of drugs when treating acute drug intoxication. This study researches the clinical characteristics and types of patients hospitalized in emergency medical center for drug addiction in 2009 and 2010. By applying a drug addiction selecting kit, it studied the flexibility and clinical efficiency during diagnosis and treatment. The study result shows, among the drugs causing addiction, Sedative accounts for 34.4%, Herdicide 23.5%, Analgesic 17.2%, Insectide 7.8% and else 17.2%. Sedative showed the highest proportion both in 2009 and 2010. Among the drug addicted patients, 39 cases did not know that the drugs are poisonous and among them, the drug addiction selecting kit was positive in 32 cases (82.0%). In 42 cases where addiction was suspicious, 25 cases (59.5%) were positive in the drug addiction selecting kit. In 57 cases of using drug addiction selecting kits, the cases in which benzodiazepine was positive, were 30 and the most frequently cases were as follows; Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) 13 cases, Amphetamines 3 cases, barbiturate 3 cases, and piate 3 cases. In the district using drug addiction kit meaningfully had Flumazenil injection much greater impact than the one not using the kit. This proves the efficiency of the kit (p<0.05). The uses of drug addiction selecting kits are for acute drug intoxicated patients and for providing objective and scientific information when emergency medical doctor are checking unchecked poisoning drugs. It is considered that drug addiction selecting kits would give help when treating the early stage of drug addicted patients in emergency medical treatment.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-44
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• 2009

All medicines are poisonous, and there are none free from poison. Thus, all things may be regarded as poisonous. And poison and medicine is the same one of which actions differ from each other. Medicine may be good medicine or poison according to doses, whether chemical medicine or herbal one. Herbal medicine falls into the category of natural materials. From ancient times humankind has Been using animals and plants as food, but on the other hand, chemical medicine is unfamiliar relatively to natural materials. Somecine is unfamilis, absorbed into the human boan, are transformed and help deemicfication. Other medicines protect the gastric mucous membrane and are demulcent, and inhibithemica materials from being absorbed. In some cases, ine is unfamilis function as deemicfiers in combination withhemica materials, and remove the toxicity and side effect caused by drug properties. Herbal medicine causes less side effects, as compared to chemical one, and thus can work effectively. As the case stands, some deem that herbal medicine does not cause problems despite high dose and long-term use because it is nontoxic or low-toxic. However, herbal medicine may be also poisonous though it is used at a very low dose. Even a deadly poison may produce therapeutic results satisfactorily without side effects, on condition that it is used properly.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.112-117
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• 2021

α-Amanitin and β-amanitin are highly toxic bicyclic octapeptides responsible for the poisoning of poisonous mushrooms such as Amanita, Galerina, and Lepiota by inhibiting RNA polymerase II, DNA transcription, and protein synthesis. A sensitive, simple, and selective liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometric method using parallel reaction monitoring mode was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of α- and β-amanitin in mouse plasma to evaluate the toxicokinetics of α- and β-amanitin in mice. Protein precipitation of 5 μL mouse plasma sample with methanol as sample clean-up procedure and use of negative electrospray ionization resulted in better sensitivity and less matrix effect. The calibration curves for α- and β-amanitin in mouse plasma were linear over the range of 0.5-500 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day coefficient of variations and accuracies for α- and β-amanitin at four quality control concentrations were 3.1-14.6% and 92.5-115.0%, respectively. The present method was successfully applied to the toxicokinetic study of α- and β-amanitin after an oral administration of α- and β-amanitin at 1.5 mg/kg dose to male ICR mice.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

It confirmed the facilitated diffusion of $Na^+$ of frog bladder membrane which is a tissue membrane. The mechanism was explained in $Na^+$ channel model and its referred to the $Na^+$ channel obstruction ingredient which was contained in the reference to the $Na^+$ channel obstruction ingredient and son on, e.g., seaweed, shellfish, pufferfish, phytoplankton and chinese drug. Also, it introduces the result which studied from the barrier point of the application of the tissue biosensor to the trade friction on Korea or Japan pufferfish and the marine environment in the one with high dependance. It was possible for the poison quantity of small amount pufferfish toxin (TTX), paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) to be measured and also to measure poison quantity in the cultivation poisonous toxin phytoplankton individual. In future, as for this tissue biosensor, it expects that it is possible to contribute widely until environment watch and also monitoring to the scene.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.48-51
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• 2006

With well-being boom recently, the common people, but not experts, are increasingly taking in them directly by picking wild herbs. However, only experts can distinguish between edible vegetables and poisonous herbs from the wild herbs. Especially, it is not even easy for experts to distinguish them only by looking into buds in spring without flowers or fruit. So, sometimes many patients are being carried into the emergency room by the toxic symptom after taking by misunderstanding the poisonous herbs as edible vegetables. For herb intoxication as well as drug intoxication, what kinds of vegetables patients took in, and when and how much they took in them are important information for curing. Of course, in the case of intoxicating in the wild herbs, the patients can have a lot of symptoms and sings-hemodynamic alteration and abnormal neurologic sign as well as gastrointestinal symptoms-according to the kinds of herbs which they took in. Therefore, it is difficult to find the kinds of herbs which they took in through the specific symptoms. Recently we experienced a case with showing typical anticholinergic symptoms after ingestion of Scopolia japonica. As a result, the publicity activities about the wild plants needs because if the person without their previous knowledge take in the poisonous herbs, serious side effects can be produced..

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.66-75
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• 1989

About smoking and health control by theorize of common with various records investigation prevent an injury from smoking Further, should be contribute for the national health improvement for application of guide to health education. The results of investigation are as follows; 1) Tobacco be transmitted the first year of KwangHea's(reign) from GeeRu(the year of GeeRu), before sixth year of KwangHea's GapIn. 2) By reason of smoking an extreme poison ingerdients is Nicotine, Co, Tar etc three kinds. 3) The number of chemicalcompound in the tobacco smoking. Nicotine play an important part of it makes continue to smoking act. 4) Co, Not only injury vascular in the cell wall but also influence in ardiac muscular tissue. 5) Tar, is play an important part tl determine taste of tobacco or fragrace(a sweet smell). 6) Be demaged in the body with harmful objects of tobacco is first lung cancer, next heart disease, and chronic lung disease etc. 7) Passive smoke(indirect smoke)is first smoker's when have smoking and blow smoke from cigarette take smoking. On second when take smoking as it is burning cagar to end. 8) Female smoker are no good and bring many trouble to the mother's body and fetal body(an unborn child). 9) Nicotine also, like drug and alcohol break out reliance, introspection, poisonous or obstinence syndrome 10) A counterplan about smoke should be settlement with propriety control of smoking and an antismoking(non-smoker).