• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.267-269
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• 2006

A 12-year-old female Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) died after a 6-day history of depression, anorexia, and coughing. The necropsy revealed pustules of varying sizes on the lung surface from which a pure culture of Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Histopathologically, the pulmonary nodules formed typical granulomatous inflammation. The center of the granulomatous foci consisted of a necrotic center and grain particles with gram positive cocci that were surrounded by eosinophilic club-like bodies containing Splendore-Hoeppli material. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aspiration pneumonia with respiratory botryomycosis as a result of grain inhalation in a Tammar Wallaby.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was developing a nasogastric tube feeding algorithm to prevent aspiration pneumonia. Methods: The algorithm was developed through a methodological design. First, a pilot study was performed to determine the incidence of pneumonia. The second step was development of a preliminary algorithm through a literature review and collection of nurse opinions. The third step was to establish content validity using a panel of 12 experts. The fourth step was revision of the algorithm. Next, 20 intensive care unit nurses applied the revised algorithm for six months to their actual treatment, and the practical feasibility was verified after that. Results: In the patients for whom this algorithm was applied, no cases of pneumonia occurred. The algorithm that was developed by the present author was suitable for clinical application. Conclusion: The effect and practical feasibility of the algorithm was tested with a few patients in this study. The effect of this algorithm should be examined by applying it to more patients on an ongoing basis.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.32-36
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• 2007

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.42-50
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• 2001

Objectives : Dysphagia is common and severe problems of acute stroke determining the prognosis of stroke only second to mental change, and results in secondary fatal complications such as aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, etc. Therefore, we were to investigate the clinical characteristics of dysphagia accompanied by acute ischemic stroke. Methods : We selected subjects through clinical notes retrospectively, whose main problems included dysphagia resulted from acute stroke within 72 hours from onset who were admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of Wonkwang Oriental Medicine Hospital from Jan. 2000 to Apr. 2001. We assessed the severity of dysphagia from admission to discharge using a staging method : stage 0 is normal without dysphagia, stage 1 is nearly normal except for intermittent dysphagia, stage 2 is compensated abnormal swallowing requiring adjusted diets or delayed feeding time, stage 3 is uncompensated abnormal swallowing resulted in weight loss down to 10% of initial and daily aspiration, coughing, and vomiting, stage 4 is uncompensated abnormal swallowing resulting in weight loss beyond 10% and recommended for non-oral feeding, and stage 5 is 100% non-oral feeding by L-tube, or gastrostomy or NPO state. Results : Dysphagia was improved statistically significantly from the mean stage of $3.6{\pm}0.29$ on admission to $1.88{\pm}0.32$ on discharge (P<0.05). On average $7.1{\pm}1.48$ days were required for improving more than one stage level. As patients were older and the stage of dysphagia was worse on admission, severity of dysphagia was more difficult to improve (correlation coefficiency was 0.55 and 0.77 respectively, P<0.05). Aspiration pneumonia was complicated in 13 patients of the total 25 at mean dysphagia stage of $3.36{\pm}0.37$. However, any specific values such as lesion size, lesion site, sex, age, past history and NIH Stroke Scale on admission did not affect it (P>0.05). Conclusion : Clinical course of dysphagia was determined about I week from the onset. Aspiration pneumonia was mainly complicated during oral feeding periods. If there were no improvement of dysphagia over 2-3 weeks, then non-oral feeding such as Levin tube or gastrostomy must be considered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.670-675
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• 1994

Lipoid pneumonia is a chronic inflammatory reaction of the lungs that results from the aspiration of vegetable, animal, or mineral oils. The most frequently implicated agent is mineral oil used as a laxative and to reduce dysphagia. Lipoid pneumonia is suggested when there is a history of chronic oral or intranasal use of an oil- or lipid-based product. The characteristic findings of lipid materials in CT or MRI are used in the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia. The presence of lipid-laden macrophages in the sputum, bronchoalveolar larvage or pulmonary parenchymal biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Sputum study is simple and inexpensive. We report a case of lipoid pneumonia of 75 year old male with cough and sputum, confirmed by sputum study, and review the literature.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.164-167
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• 1995

Foreign holies in the upper aerodigestive tract are an important cause of morbity and mortality in older adults and children under 3 years of age. Fish and chicken bones are the usual foreign bodies lodged in the hypopharynx, and most of them lodge In the lower pole of a tonsil, at the base of the tongue, at the lateral wall of the pharynx, or in a vallecula. Recently, the authors experienced a case of aspiration pneumonia caused by chronic local inflammatory reaction of the posterior wall of the hypopharynx originated from a special foreign body.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.474-486
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Korean version of the Self-Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention (SCAPP-K) scale in older adults at risk of dysphasia. Methods: The Hertz and Baas model of scale development and validation was used. In the development stage, items were generated via literature review and interviews with medical experts, older adults, and caregivers. Ten experts assessed the items for content validity. Subsequently, 12 older adults participated in a pilot test to determine the comprehensibility and appropriateness of the SCAPP-K scale. The validation stage involved a cross-sectional survey with 203 older adults for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 200 older adults for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and to determine convergent and discriminant validity. To test the validity and reliability of the scale, EFA using principal component analysis with varimax rotation and CFA were conducted, and convergent and discriminant validity as well as internal consistency reliability were determined. Results: As a result of EFA, three self-care factors (knowledge, resources, behaviors) with 21 items were validated. The CFA and convergent and discriminant validity indicated the applicability of the three-factor self-care scale. The reliability of the SCAPP-K scale was acceptable, with Cronbach's α=.87~.91. Conclusion: The SCAPP-K scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can contribute to clinical practice, research, and education to improve self-care for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia in older adults at risk of dysphasia.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.50-52
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• 2013

Povidone-iodine (PVP-I, Betadine) has many advantages as a disinfectant solution for preoperative preparations, especially for oral surgery. It is widely used because of its low toxicity and excellent bactericidal effect. The authors report a case of pneumonia secondary due to the aspiration of PVP-I, which was used as an oral disinfectant. We present a case of aspiration pneumonia that resulted from the careless use of PVP-I during preoperative preparation. The patient was a 10-month-old female scheduled for elective surgery to correct a complete cleft of secondary palate. During the preparation of the oral cavity for that cleft palate patient, PVP-I was incidentally aspirated to the airway. The lung resistance was noted with positive pressure and pneumonic infiltration on chest radiograph was seen. The operation was postponed and the patient underwent respiratory care. Three months later, elective palatoplasty under general anesthesia was performed without complication. Based on the experiences of this case, the authors advise that throat-packing should be placed before oral preparation to prevent serious pulmonary complications.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.996-1005
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• 2023

Objective: To compare the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, nausea, and vomiting after intravascular administration of nonionic iodinated contrast media (ICM) between patients who fasted before contrast injection and those who did not. Materials and Methods: Ovid-MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched from their inception dates until September 2022 to identify original articles that met the following criteria: 1) randomized controlled trials or observational studies, 2) separate reports of the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, nausea, and vomiting after intravascular injection of non-ionic ICM, and 3) inclusion of patients undergoing radiological examinations without fasting. A bivariate beta-binomial model was used to compare the risk difference in adverse events between fasting and non-fasting groups. The I² statistic was used to assess heterogeneity across the studies. Results: Ten studies, encompassing 308013 patients (non-fasting, 158442), were included in this meta-analysis. No cases of aspiration pneumonia were reported. The pooled incidence of nausea was 4.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4%, 7.8%) in the fasting group and 4.6% (95% CI: 1.1%, 8.1%) in the non-fasting group. The pooled incidence of vomiting was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.0%, 4.2%) in the fasting group and 2.5% (95% CI: 0.7%, 4.2%) in the non-fasting group. The risk difference (incidence in the non-fasting group-incidence in the fasting group) in the incidence of nausea and vomiting was 0.0% (95% CI: -4.7%, 4.7%) and 0.4% (95% CI: -2.3%, 3.1%), respectively. Heterogeneity between the studies was low (I² = 0%-13.5%). Conclusion: Lack of fasting before intravascular administration of non-ionic ICM for radiological examinations did not increase the risk of emetic complications significantly. This finding suggests that hospitals can relax fasting policies without compromising patient safety.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.97-100
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• 2012

We report a case of delayed diagnosed pneumonia due to an aspirated metallic crown, which had been detached from a molar tooth. Dental prosthesis should be checked and a careful review of the chest radiograph is mandatory when an elderly patient with delirium after hip fracture surgery develops pneumonia postoperatively.