• Title/Summary/Keyword: Plastic House

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Investigation of Actural State of Plastic Greenhouse Structures in Korea (플라스틱 하우스의 구조 실태의 조사 연구)

  • 김문기;고재군;이신호
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.113-124
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    • 1987
  • The objective of this study was to disclose the problem of structural safety and the state of utilization of standard types of plastic film house through investigation of actural state of plastic greenhouses for the southern part of the Korean peninsula. And also, the application method of standard types were proposed. The results obtained are summarized as follows 1. Plastic film houses investigated were not designed by the structural design conditions of loads and materials. 2.The construction method of greenhouses was not standardized. 3.Single type of standard greenhouses was nearly used and double types were applied to the standard type. 4.The standard frames of plastic film house were appeared to have structural lack of stability at the design snow and wind loads for most regions. 5.Safety snow depths and safety wind velocities were proposed for the frame intervals and pipe diameters of standard greenhouses.

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2 Cropping systems using field crops in unheated plastic house at paddy field

  • Shin, Jung-Ho;Moon, Jin-Young;Song, Jae-Ki;Choi, Yong-Jo;Hong, Kwang-Pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.279-279
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    • 2017
  • In Korea, the single span unheated plastic house cultivated crops from autumn to spring of the following year, removed the plastic film and frame, cultivated rice, set up a plastic house again and cultivated crops. The crops in the greenhouse are utilized mainly for the production of leaf vegetables such as lettuce, leek, and fruit vegetables such as strawberry, watermelon, oriental melon, etc. and raising high income. Because, the production of these crops has characteristics requiring a lot of labor and it is difficult to produce horticultural crops at unheated plastic houses as the rural population ages. Therefore, we conducted a test to develop a crop planting system to cultivate crops in single span unheated plastic houses, although the utilization of labor is less than that of horticultural crops. The prior cropping cultivated three cultivars of sweet potatoes early, the second produced cultivated sweet potatoes, corn and soybeans. In the cultivation of the previous cropping, the sweet potatoes were harvested on the 113th day after planting on March 30th, the yield was 822 kg/10a for Pungwonmi, 1,377 kg/10a for Jinhongmi, 1,483 kg/10a for the Dahomi. Because of differences, the yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was less than that other cultivars and the yield of open field cultivations, we will expect further research. In the cultivation of the succeeding crops sweet potatoes were planted on July 27 and harvested 110 days later and investigated. The product yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was 1,024 kg/10a, and the Jinhongmi, Dahomi cultivars were not at economic level for sale and were necessary to review. In succeeding-crops, corn tested the Ilmichal cultivar, seeded on 27th July, harvested on October 11th. The day of silking was 45 days after sowing, the yield was 1,156 kg/10a, the goods rate was 100% level. The beans in the succeeding cultivation crop were sowed on 27th July, the early maturing of the varieties coming to Hwangeumol and Saeol cultivar, on 17th October, the late maturing soybean Daewonkong cultivar were harvested on October 21st. The yield of early maturing two cultivars was 214 kg/10a, Daewonkong was 257 kg/10a, and 100 seeds weight which were more than the early maturing beans were also heavy. When calculating these incomes price-wise according to the harvest time, we were able to consider the income in the order of corn, sweet potato and soybean from the second term crop. Various studies such as varieties, mulching method, moisture management, control environment management, etc. are considered necessary to develop cropping systems with sweet potato and field crops in future unheated plastic house.

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Density of Arbuscular mycorrhizal spore of plastic film house soil in Yeongnam area and characterestics of AMF in vitro (영남지역 시설재배지에 분포하는 Arbuscular 균근균의 포자 밀도 및 기내조건에서의 포자발아와 균사생장 특성)

  • Park, Hyang-Mee;Nam, Min-Hee;Kang, Hang-Won;Lee, Jae-Saeng;Ko, Jee-Yeon;Kang, Ui-Gum;Park, Kyeong-Bae
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.203-209
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to obtain the basic data on agricultural use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) in salt accumulated plastic film house soil by evaluating the density of AMF spores in plastic film house in Yeong Nam area and surface sterility condition, germination rate of AMF spores, and hyphal growth in vitro. The density of AMF spores in plastic film house soils was highest in the site of water melon, and those of cucumber, melon, hot pepper sites were followed in order. The number of AMF was in the range of 101-207 per 100 g dry soil. With decreasing the ratio of bacteria to fungi(B/F), the population density of AMF was increased, and available $P_2O_5$ content of soil was significantly correlated to the population densities of AMF($r=0.416^*$). The surface sterility rate and spore germination of AMF isolated in plastic film house soil were more than 50% in 2% chloramin T and 2% chloramin T + antibiotic and 0.5% NaOCl treatments. The germination rate of Gigaspora margarita in the range of initial pH 5~9 of the medium was more than 56%. Hyphal growth was increased as pH of the medium increased. However the germination rate of Acaulospora spinosa was highest in the medium of pH 9, and hyphal growth in vitro was poor and not related to pH of the medium.

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The Characteristic of Different Cultivar of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) under the Plastic House Condition in Jeju Island (제주지역에서 오크라 무가온 재배에 따른 품종별 특성)

  • Kim, Chun-Hwan;Ahn, Yul-Kyun;Seong, Ki-Cheol;Lee, Jin-Su;Song, Uen-Young;Kim, Seong-Cheong;Moon, Doo-Kyong
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.40-44
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to develop method of producing okra in the plastic house and the 11 cultivar of okra were planted in plastic house for selecting proper cultivar in Korea. As result of observing growth, commercial cultivar germinated better than wild collected. The germination rate in 'No 1', 'No 4' and 'No 5' were better than in 'No 2' and 'No 3'. The plant height of 'No. 4', which is one of wild collected, showed biggest plant height moreover 'Greensode'. The numbers of node, which could indicate to set fruit, showed 4.2~6.5 per plant in most cultivar and 'No 2' and 'No 5' could yield more than others. 'Greensode' was planted in plastic house for finding out suitable planting method. The seeds were soaked could germinate 100% and those were taken 8 days for germinating but control seeds needed 15 days to germinate. The yield of 'Greensode' which was planted in $45{\times}75cm$ with planted 3 and 4 per hill could best produce in plastic house.

Solar Energy Storage Effectiveness on Double Layered Single Span Plastic Greenhouse (2중 단동비닐하우스의 태양열 축열이용 효과)

  • Lee, Sung-Hyoun;Ryou, Young-Sun;Moon, Jong-Pil;Yun, Nam-Kyu;Kwon, Jin-Kyung;Lee, Su-Jang;Kim, Kyeong-Won
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.217-222
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out in order to reduce the amount of underground water which is used in the double layered single span plastic greenhouse for retaining heat. For this research, two plastic green houses of the double layered single span plastic greenhouse were installed. There was equipped of internal small tunnel for keeping warm air in the interior of the house. Then the internal small tunnel for keeping warm air was fitted with PVC duct of 50 cm in diameter filled with subsurface water. The surplus solar energy in the greenhouse was stored in the water in the PVC duct. Four FCUs (Fan Coil Unit), which has the capacity of 8,000 kcal per hour, were installed in the middle of the house, and a circulation motor in heat storage water tank was operated from 10:30 a.m. to 16:00 p.m. in order to circulate water between the water tank and the FCUs. Consequently about 5 degrees celsius could be maintained in the interior of the internal small tunnel for keeping warm air with the external temperature of lower than minus 5 degrees celsius. It appeared that the alteration of an internal temperature of the house was flexible depending on the sunlight during daytime. To prevent the water freezing, mixing antifreezing liquid in the water or operating FCU continuously was needed. Also, in order to use the surplus solar thermal energy on plastic green house of water curtain system efficiently, storing the surplus heat during daytime simultaneously finding a method of using water curtain systematic underground water happened to be important. As a result of this research, when the house's interior temperature is below zero the operation of FCU appeared to be impossible. Considering the amount of water used in the house with water-curtain-heating system is 150~200 ton per day, using the system mentioned in this research showed that reducing the underground water more than 80% in order to maintain the internal temperature as the level of 5 degree celsius at the extreme temperature of minus 5 degrees celsius.

Effects of Rain-shelter Types on Growth and Fruit Quality of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. 'Keummaru') Cultivation in Paddy (고추 논재배 시 비가림형태가 생육 및 과실 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Guang-Jae;Song, Myung-Gyu;Kim, Si-Dong;Nam, Sang-Young;Heo, Jeong-Wook;Yoon, Jung-Beom;Kim, Dong-Eok
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.355-362
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    • 2016
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effects of rain-shelter types on growth, and fruit quality of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, 'Kemmaru') cultured in paddy. Applied rain-shelter types were outfield (control), simple rain-shelter plastic house with 2 rows (2R), simple rain-shelter plastic house with 4 rows (4R), and perfect plastic house (House). The plant height was the highest in Houses treatment. There was no difference in leaf length and width among the rain-shelter treatments. The fresh and dry weight of red pepper was high in order of House > 4R > 2R > Control. The ASTA value is irregular tendency among the treatments. Hunter's color value 'a' and 'b' was not different from among the treatments. Phytophthora blight, powdery mildew, bacterial spot were not occurred in all of treatments, and Anthracnose was only occurred in control. Mite, Microcephalothrips abdominalis, and Bemisia tabaci were not occurred in all of treatments, and aphid, Helicoverpa assulta, and virus were occurred all of treatments as same degree. Our results will provide rain-shelter cultivation of red pepper can be increase dry yield and decrease disease and insects.

Distribution of Micronutrients in Plastic Film House Soils of Yeongnam Provincen (영남지역 시설재배지 토양의 미량원소 함량 분포)

  • Chung, Jong-Bae;Kim, Bok-Jin;Ryu, Kwan-Sig;Lee, Seung-Ho;Shin, Hyun-Jin;Hwang, Tae-Kyung;Choi, Hee-Youl;Lee, Yong-Woo;Lee, Yoon-Jeong;Kim, Jong-Jib
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.214-223
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    • 2006
  • For better management of micronutrients in crop cultivation, the availability of micronutrients in the soils must be updated and evaluated as a first step. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of micronutrients in soils of plastic film houses. Total 396 soil samples were collected from the plastic film houses of various crops in Yeongnam province (strawberry, 96; red pepper, 66; tomato, 74; oriental melon, 97; cucumber, 63). Total and available contents of B, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn in the soils were determined. Available B was extracted with hot water and available Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn were extracted with 0.1 N HCl. Mean values of total contents of B, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn in the plastic film house soils were 25, 32, 74, 21,316, and $420mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Total contents of micronutrients in the plastic film house soils were similar to those found in the open fields nearby, while they were different among the locations investigated. Mean contents extractable B, Cu, and Zn in the plastic film house soils were 2.1, 7.5, and $35mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The contents of extractable B, Cu, and Zn in the plastic film house soils were higher than those found in the open fields nearby with exceptions of B in soils of strawberry and Cu in soils of red pepper and oriental melon. However, mean contents of extractable Fe and Mn in the plastic film house soils were 156 and $146mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively, and the mean content of extractable Fe was much lower than that found in open fields nearby. The contents of extractable Zn, Fe, and Mn were higher than the sufficient levels for the crop requirements in most of the plastic film house soils investigated. Contents of extractable Cu in most soils of strawberry, tomato and cucumber cultivations were higher than the sufficient level. However, extractable Cu contents were below the sufficient level in about 30% of investigated soils of red pepper and oriental melon cultivation. Soils containing higher contents of extractable B than the sufficient level were relatively fewer in comparison to the other micronutrients.

Effects of the Distance between Houses on the Wind Force Coefficients on the Single-span Arched House (아치형 단동하우스의 동간거리가 풍력계수에 미치는 영향)

  • 이현우;이석건
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.76-85
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    • 1993
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the wind force distribution on the two single-span arched plastic house depending upon the house spacing and wind direction, which may provide the fundamental criteria for the structural design. In order to specify the wind force distribution, the variation of the wind force coefficients, the mean wind force coefficients and the drag force coefficients were estimated from the wind tunnel test data. The results obtained are as follows : 1. At the wind direction of 90$^{\circ}$, there was a typical span interval at which the maximum negative pressure was occured at the edge of the inside walls. 2. In the consideration of wind loads, the wind force coefficients estimated from independent single-span arched plastic house should not be directly applied to the structural design on the double houses separated. 3. The average maximum negative wind force on the inside walls was occured at the wind direction of 90$^{\circ}$, and the variations depending on the span intervals was not significant. 4. The average maximum drag force was occured at the wind direction of 300, and the magnitude of drag force was more significant at the first house. As the distance between two houses was increased, the drag force was slightly increased for every wind direction.

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Responses of Reproductive Characteristics and Yield of Cucumber Cultivars as affected by the Type of Plastic house and Cultural Season (Plastic house의 형태 및 재배방식 차이에 따른 오이 품종들의 생식형질 및 수량반응)

  • 임준택;김학진;정순주;이범선
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.183-186
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    • 1999
  • 오이재배는 초기에 노지직파재배와 조숙재배가 주된 작형이었으나, 플라스틱하우스재배와 함께 새로운 품종육성 및 보급으로 현재는 시설재배를 중심으로 한 재배작형이 다양하게 분화 발전되고 있다. 우리나라에서는 종묘회사가 다다기성, 내서성, 내병성 등을 개선하고 각 재배방식의 환경에 알맞은 우수한 1대 잡종 품종들을 많이 육성하여 보급하고 있다. 1996년 8월 현재 등록된 오이품종은 171품종이다. (중략)

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Effect of Cultivation Methods and Harvesting Time on Yield and Quality of Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seeds (홍화 재배유형 및 수확시기가 종실 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jae-Cheol;Kim, Ki-Jae;Choi, Seong-Yong
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.50 no.spc1
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    • pp.187-190
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    • 2005
  • This study was conducted to investigate the plant growth and seed yield between rain-shelter plastic house and out-door cultivation, and analysed the effect of harvesting time on seed quality. In rain-shelter plastic house cultivation, emergence date was 3 days and flowering date was 8 days earlier than out-door cultivation. Seed yield of rain-shelter plastic house cultivation was increased $25\%$ compared to out-door cultivation and it's more beneficial than out door cultivation. The crude fat content was higher and seed was whiter and better quality in rain-shelter plastic house cultivation than out-door cultivation. In out-door cultivation, the crude fat content was steadily increased until 40 days after full bloom, but the seed color was getting dark which was harvested at 30 days after full bloom and the color was turn to the dark brown when the seed was harvested at 40 days after full bloom. Harvesting of safflower seed's quality is best between 20 days and 30 days after full bloom.