• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2006

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinesis) is one of the most important vegetable crops in korea and other East Asian countries. Cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphospha-tase (cytFBPase) is a key enzyme in sucrose biosyn-thesis, which controls the sucrose levels as well as the productivity at plants. The Chinese cabbage cytFBPase gene, BrFBPase, encodes the 340 amino acid polypep-tide, giving a theoretical molecular weight of 37.2 kD and a isolectric point of 5.4. BrFBPase showed high sequence identity with Brassica homologs and its functional domains, such as 12,6P$_2$ binding site or active site and F6P binding site, were highly conserved in diverse sources of organisms. Although the genome of Chinese cabbage seemed to be triplicated, BrFBPase appears to be a single copy gene. The expression of BrFBPase was examined at transcript and protein levels under various conditions. BrFBPase expression was observed only in photosynthetic source tissue, not in sink tissue. The expression was slightly higher during the day than at night, and it showed a diurnal cycle with circadian rhythmicity. Short-term exposure to low temperature inhibited the expression of the BrFBPase, while long-term exposure increased the expression, supporting that sugar levels are high in late autumn when temperature are low.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1995년도 식물학심포지움 식물로부터 유용 2차대사산물의 생산 PRODUCTION OF USEFUL SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM PLANTS
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• pp.40-56
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• 1995

During the past two decades, China has seen her great progress in plant biotechnology. Since the Chinese market of herb medicine is huge, while the plant resources are shrinking, particular emphasis has been placed in plant tissue and cell cultures of medicinal plants, this includes fast propagation, protoplast isolation and regeneration, cell suspension cultures and large scale fermentation. To optimize culture conditions for producing secondary compounds in vitro, various media, additives and elicitors have been tested. Successful examples of large scale culture for the secondary metabolite biosynthesis are quite limited : Lithospermum ery throrhizon and Arnebia euchroma for shikonin derivatives, Panax ginseng, P. notoginseng, P. quinquefolium for saponins, and a few other medicinal plants. Recent development of genetic transformation systems of plant cells offered a new approach to in vitro production of secondary compounds. Hairy root induction and cultures, by using Ri-plasmid, have been reported from a number of medicinal plant species, such as Artemisia annua that produces little artemisinin in normal cultured cells, and from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. In the coming five years, Chinese scientists will continue their work on large scale cell cultures of a few of selected plant species, including Taxus spp. and A. annua, for the production of secondary metabolites with medicinal interests, one or two groups of scientists will be engaged in molecular cloning of the key enzymes in plant secondary metabolism.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

Forestry sector has witnessed some unprecedented events in the recent past both in terms of galloping biotechnological developments and heated environmental debates over risks associated with release of transgenic trees. Improvements in the in vitro propagation techniques has made it possible to develop tissue culture based plant regeneration protocols just for about any tree species. And with the inclusion of every new species within the realms of tissue culture technology, it becomes a candidate for genetic improvement through recombinant DNA technology, the so called genetic engineering. Poplars and their hybrids serve as the model tree species on which most of the genetic transformation work as been carried out. A lot of work has also gone in genetic transformation of fruit trees and trees of horticultural interests. Trees have been successfully transformed for traits ranging from reduction of length of juvenile phase to alteration of tree architecture to altering wood quality by lignin and cellulose modification. More-over trees have been genetically engineered successfully to combat various types of insect pests and pathogens causing diseases. But all these developments have ignited controversies over the possible benefits and risks associated with transgenic plantations by various environmental agencies and activists. Solutions to most of these concerns can be found out with more intensive prioritized research.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1998

아마릴리스 'Picottee', 'White Christmas', 'Eldorado', 'Origin', Red Lion', 'Telstar', 'Crypsy'의 교잡배를 여러 농도의 2,4-D, NAA, BA, TDZ가 첨가된 MS배지에 배양한 결과, 0.5～3.0 ㎎/L 2,4-D에 비하여 0.5～3.0 ㎎/L NAA 처리구에서 줄기와 자구 분화가 양호하였다. 0.5㎎/L NAA 처리는 배양체로부터 높은 자구 형성율을 나타냈고, 줄기 분화율은 NAA 1.0㎎/L과 TDZ 2.0㎎/L 혼용처리구에서는 가장 높았다. 배지에 1.0～2.0㎎/L TDZ 첨가는 치상체당 더 많은 줄기를 분화시켰으나 1.0～2.0㎎/L BA 처리보다 뿌리의 발달은 억제되었다. 'Star Van Holland'의 인편을 배양했을 때 자구 형성은 0.5㎎/L NAA가 첨가된 배지에서 가장 효과적이었다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

The present study focused on the establishment of micropropagation protocol for the high value Pluchea (P.) indica (L.) Less., genotype, an important medicinal plant and evaluation of the diuretic activity of the leaf extract of the tissue cultured plant. Leaf explants, nodal segments and shoot tips were cultured in MS medium supplemented with auxin and cytokinin and their combinations. With the objective of inducing callus giving rise to new adult plants, naphthalene acetic acid was found to be most effective for (80%) for callus induction. The methanolic extract of leaves of the micropropagated P. indica was investigated for its diuretic activity in Wistar albino rats. Urinary excretion parameters were studied for evaluation of diuretic activity using Frusemide (20 mg/kg, p.o.) as standard. The extract showed significant diuretic activity at the doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg. p.o. An oral acute toxicity study for the extract was carried out and the $LD_{50}$ value was found to be 2,825 mg/kg body weight.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.307-310
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• 1995

Pelargonium aridum과 P. zonale의 자엽과 유식물의 절편체를 2 mg/L NAA와 0.2 mg/L BA를 첨가한 MS배지에서 배양하였을 때 캘러스를 형성하였다. 이들 캘러스는 동일배지에서 계대배양양하였다. 계대배양된 캘러스는 P. aridum의 경우 0.1∼l mg/L NAA와 0.25∼2 mg/L BA에서, P. zonale의 경우 0.1∼0.5 mg/L NAA와 1∼2 mg/L BA를 첨가한 MS 배지에 옮겨주었을 때 가장 많은 shoot를 형성하였다(P. aridum은 explant당 0.78개, P.zonale은 0.65개). 대부분의 shoot은 1/2 MS기본배지에서 배양하였을 때 발근하였다. 이들 재분화 개체들은 화분으로 옮겨진 추 온실에서 발육하여 개화하였다

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.468-473
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• 1996

The genome of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is composed of three RNA segments, S, M, and L RNA and the 5.0 kb M RNA encodes two glycoproteins Gl, G2 and NSm protein of unknown function. In an effort to investigate the function of the NSm protein, antibody was raised against NSm fusion protein overexpressed in Escherichia coli. This antibody was used to detect the NSm protein by using western blot analysis and electron microscopic observation after immunogold labelling. For the cloning of the NSm gene, total RNA extracted from a TSWV infected plant was used for cDNA synthesis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instead of going through time-consuming virus purification. A protein band specifically reacting to the NSm antibody was detected from TSWV inoculated plants. The NSm protein was detected in the cell wall fraction and in pellet from low speed centrifugation when the infected plant tissue was fractionated into 4 fractions. In the immuno-electron microscopic observation, gold particles were found around the plasmodesmata of infected plant tissue. These results suggest that the NSm protein of TSWV plays some role in cell-to-cell movement of this virus.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.370-378
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• 2010

This review describes the stratagies of development of virus-resistant Alstroemeria plants using the genetic modification system. Despite of increasing of its importance in cut flower market, improvements of some horticultuirally important traits such as fragrance, long vase-life, virus resistance and tolerance against abiotic stresses are lack of the breeding program in Alstroemeria. Of these traits, virus-resistance is quite difficult to develop in Alstroemeria plants due to the limitations of genetic variation in the existed germplasm. To extend the genetic variation, plant biotechnological techniques such as genetic transformation and tissue culture should be combined to develop virus-resistant line in Alstroemeria. In this review, several strategies for the generation of virus-resistance by using natural resistance genes, pathogen-derived genes and other sources including pathogen-derived proteins, virus-specific antibodies and ribosome-inactivating proteins are presented. Also, brief histories of breeding, tissue culture, and transformation system in Alstroemeria plants are described to inderstand of the application of transgenic approach for the development of virus-resistance in Alstroemeria species.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2021

Plants regenerated from in vitro cultures carry chromosomal variations, especially in long-term culture. Reducing the duration of plant tissue culture is one of the ways to reduce genetic and epigenetic changes. In this study, we reduced the duration of long-term culture and repeat subculture using small bulblets derived from bulb scales in two lily cultivars. The adventitious bulblets derived from bulb-scale tissue were cultured on three different media containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 1 g/L Charcoal, MS medium containing 0.3 mg/L IAA and 0.4 mg/L BA hormone with or without Charcoal, respectively. About seven weeks later, the number of newly propagated multiple shoots in the two media, A and B media, showed little differentiation. Compared to both media, the number of propagated multiple shoots increased 5-fold in MS medium containing 0.3 mg/L IAA and 0.4 mg/L BA hormone without Charcoal (C medium). The number of propagated multiple shoots ranged from 5 to 6 and 4 to 6 with an average of 5 in TropicalPink and GreenStar cultivars, respectively. The flow cytometric measurements indicated no variation in the ploidy level between control and in vitro propagated plants.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2014

A tissue-specific and developmentally expressed gene was isolated from Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), designated BrREF (B. rapa Rubber elongation factor). BrREF transcripts were expressed at high levels in seedlings and at low levels in flower buds and roots. To study the activity of this promoter, the 2.2 kb upstream sequence of BrREF gene was fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana and B. napus by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Strong expression of GUS driven by the BrREF promoter was detected in the cotyledons and hypocotyls of transgenic plant seedlings, but GUS expression was weak in roots, excluding the root tips. GUS expression in the cotyledons and hypocotyls decreased dramatically as the seedlings matured and was not detected in the tissues of mature plants. During floral development, GUS expression was observed in immature anthers. These findings suggest that the BrREF promoter can modulate the tissue-specific and developmental expression of gene at the early stages of growth and development.