• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.27-32
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• 1998

Present structure design has a problem arising from the fact that present apartment housing design doesn't satisfy user's diverse demand. An aim of this study on searching out the alternative to solve this problem. The results of study are as follows : 1) Methods of flexible structure are analyzed to reflect user's needs and practical example of those proposed. 2) To raise the flexibility of design reinforced concrete pannel wall system are selected. The basic types of T and II for the figures of pannel are adopted. As a result it brought so much open space not having influenced on the load of construction that it enhances the flexibility of the space allocation. Also that made it easy to meet the user's demand for 8 kinds of plan types are easily designed according to the arrangement of the space and its scale. These results will become basic data of future unit plan design in apartment housing.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.339-355
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• 2009

The sealed, tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGD) with gas-spring effect extends the frequency range of application up to about 5 Hz and efficiently increases the modal structural damping. In this paper the influence of several TLCGDs to reduce coupled translational and rotational vibrations of plan-asymmetric buildings under wind or seismic loads is investigated. The locations of the modal centers of velocity of rigidly assumed floors are crucial to select the design and the optimal position of the liquid absorbers. TLCGD's dynamics can be derived in detail using the extended non-stationary Bernoulli's equation for moving reference systems. Modal tuning of the TLCGD renders the optimal parameters by means of a geometrical transformation and in analogy to the classical tuned mass damper (TMD). Subsequently, fine-tuning is conveniently performed in the state space domain. Numerical simulations illustrate a significant reduction of the vibrations of plan-asymmetric buildings by the proposed TLCGDs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.5-16
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• 2001

This paper presents results from analysis of architectural plan drawings of 355 elementary schools recently designed for 4 years. Theses plans are analyzed by factors such as local distribution, number of classes, type of plan, total construction area, area per a class, area per a student, and area status of each space. The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental resources for architectural designing and planning of elementary schools through finding trend and status of elementary school buildings that have no detailed data of area index. The results of this study are as follows: 1. As a result from analyzing number of classes in the surveyed schools, schools having 36 classes are dominant and schools having 72 classes are also shown. Average number of classes is 34.1. This result reflect s that elementary schools have been planned as large-scale schools. 2. In terms of type of plan, we found out that instead of disappearing traditional single corridor type building, the open school building that have multi-purpose spaces are mainly designed. In addition to that, there are few schools with large class rooms. 3. In the status of area of each school, they have much larger areas than areas provided by building guidelines. Secondly, there are some schools with two times area difference even though they have same class number. Therefore, it needs to adjust the school building guidelines to practical needs in the consideration of elementary school building for compulsory education. Though the plans of recently designed school for 4 year s are more differentiated than past, there are few schools planned by appropriate plan design and area distribution scheme. As a consequence, some improvements like improvement of building guidelines are desperate.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.913-926
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to review Saeromaji Plan 2015 (the Second Basic Plan for the Low Fertility and Aging Society) with the framework of WHO's (2007) guidelines for building age-friendly cities and to provide suggestions for improvements in planning for the aging society. The contents of the Plan pertaining to the aging society sections were reviewed by two independent researchers to examine the extent to which the Plan fulfilled 169 checklists across 8 themes proposed by WHO. The results indicate that all 8 themes were partially reflected in the Plan. Suggested improvements for planning for the aging society include taking an inclusive approach to bring generations together, providing more options for older adults, and including more active involvement of the private sector in planning.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

Purpose - The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of employee characteristics on employees' preference towards corporate pension products. This study can provide a guidance for maximization of benefits for employees and their affiliated corporation. Employee characteristics include average length of labour, wage system of annual salary, age, types of interest rates and size of corporation. Existing research generally concentrate on vitalizations of corporate pension product raising an imperfection, improvements, tax benefit analysis and legal consideration. Thus, this study intensively analyses the effect of employee attributes on firms' decision for corporate pension products, such as DB(defined benefit) and DC(defined contribution) type. Research design, data, and methodology - The data were collected using self-administrated questionnaire survey on corporate pension products from CEOs or HR directors 250 foreign-invested companies', purchasing pension plans in practice with domestic financial trustees (insurance companies, banks and security companies). Hypotheses testing was conducted using Logistic Regression analysis with SPSS/PC+ 21.0. Results - The findings of the study are as follows. Employees with the long length of labour are more likely to have DB plan; more likely to prefer DC plan with the dividend distribution product regarding the types of interest rate. SMEs(less than 100 employees) are more likely to select DC plan whereas high fluctuation in wage with annual salary has no impacts. In addition, the ages has no significant effect on the preference. Conclusions - This study has examined with the empirical testing that employees' variable attributes and qualities are one of the vital factors for corporation pension plan selection. Currently, majority employees are highly likely to join DB plan and Defined interest types. Corporation with less than 10 employees prefer IRP scheme while most of corporation are intended to join DC plan. In a very near future, corporation more than 300 employees will be required to purchase mandatory plan under national regulation. For maximization of employees' contentment to corporation pension insurance and for complementing the flaws of existing plans, the future studies shall also research in a perspective of employee benefit.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2015

U-Services, which are offered from local governments based on their Ubiquitous City Plans, are only focused on facility and urban management services. Also Citizen oriented U-service is only planned. This study's purpose is to propose the implication for provide of the Citizen oriented U-service comparing with U-Service plan of 'Ubiquitous City Comprehensive Plan' and 'Ubiquitous City Plan' through a network text analysis and word frequency analysis. It was calculated a important keyword that was extracted the service plan contents of the 'Ubiquitous City Comprehensive Plan' and 'Ubiquitous City Plan' of the four local governments. The network text analysis and keyword frequency analysis was performed through derived keyword. Based on the analysis results, awareness of the citizens can be expected to increase about U-City by activating a excavation of Citizen oriented U-service in a variety of sector through additional services and policy of financial support in the next Ubiquitous City Comprehensive Plan.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.81-99
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• 2009

The study is on the analysis of Adalberto Libera's works, which are those of the competition works for international congress hall in 'E42'. I exerted a conclusion from analysis and studies of congress palace as well as informed data about architect Libera and uninformed original sketch of it. 1. Through analysis of original sketch data in possession of archives of paris Centre Pompidue and relevant sketch from the works, Libera adopts the modern architecture of Italy to the formalization process of concept as one of architectural methods. 2.In contrast to the way of elucidation of historicity of classicism architect, Libera's initial sketch is one of the traits from modernist's architectural concept process. Libera completes his architectural style to have developed new architecture vocabulary from 'Floating transparent box' which was result from intuition and imagination. 3 By comparing all the first plan, the second plan and constructed project, we can infer that Libera's plan was influenced by E42's classicism urban environment and masterplanner Piacentini. In addition, through historicity explanation method of modernist, it is adjudicated that the front side of facade with classism and the back side of facade with modern are partially accepted. 4. By analysing architectural concept's formalization process from original sketch of Congress palace, outstanding architect of Italian Fascism architecture, it provided new methods of architectural programming with the concrete examples.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.7-21
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to study on the characteristic of site planning of Hadrian's villa. The whole site planning of Hadrian's villa can be divided by different characteristic four groups(I-IV). It is analysed to the whole site plan of such huge complex and the site planning of partial each group which is organically connected each other. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Hadrian's villa was arranged in adapt to natural condition according to a gentle inclination by topography and terrain of the whole site which many different buildings are oriented towards natural landscape of the site and the site surroundings. 2. The site planning of Hadrian's villa is composed of dividing into four groups as plan segmentalized through various land use plan, considering for territory of functional aspect and direction of axis formed by situation and direction of topography and terrain. 3. The concept of site planning to buildings of Hadrian's villa is composed through each other connection; the first, meeting, crossing and merging with each other from arrangement by several axises, the second, change of direction with as the center a part of corner of buildings and the third, facing or inserting system to side and side, side and a part of corner of building.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.352-356
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• 2006

This study aims to analyze the current status and characteristics of apartment house unit plans towards spatial differentiation. The 172 house units from 32 housing complexes were selected for this analysis. In this study, factors of residential space plan especially in an apartment house are categorized into general characteristics on floor plan and factors for spatial floor plan. The Primary findings are as follows: (1) General characteristics on floor plan are analyzed based on space organization, area and number of bays. Among apartment houses over 40 pyeong, it seems that differentiation is well applied with various space plans available. (2) A result of an analysis on the factors for spatial floor plan shows that planning a living room with two-open-sides seems to be more common in the tower-shaped apartment blocks which are now on the increase. Moreover, many of them are adopting movable partitions to reflect resident's various demands on space plan. Among all, the extra kitchen in the balcony is planned high portion of 80.4%. And diningroom is positioned on the front side of the residential space along with a livingroom(19.2%). More frequently, dining area tends to face the living room(30.2%) according to the result. Besides dress rooms begin to be placed in each of the bedroom, once planned in one bedroom only while 18.6% of the apartment houses are placing new storages in the entrance to solve lack of storage space due to balcony extension.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.145-146
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• 2011

Lifting plan in conjunction with the overall construction plan will be established. It is being created by executive director of the Corporation and other such as an experienced site manager. But, written lifting plan based on the limited information and experience is causing some problems such as decreasing productivity, workability loss, delay. The reasons for the problems are lack of prediction of construction execution, inappropriate materials on the past performance, individual experience, limits of knowledge, lack of technical materials, shortage of advisor. Therefore, to solve the problems, we have to overcome the situation in which we depends on lifting planner's experience and intuition, limited information by accumulating objective and reliable materials. Because unorganized lifting plan will lower efficiency of lifting equipment and make reducing construction period difficult. In this study, influence factors on lifting plans will be derived through reviewing literatures and lifting plan cases. Derived influence factors will be classified as components and classes, classified influence factors are assessed suitability. Also, Decision making items are derived from the factors. Finally, tower crane lifting plan process will be suggested from the result.