• Title/Summary/Keyword: Physiological parameters

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Physiological Responses in Korean Rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) Exposed to Ammonia (암모니아 노출에 따른 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)의 생리학적 반응)

  • Min, Byung Hwa;Park, Mi Seon;Shin, Yun Kyung;Do, Yong Hyun;Myeong, Jeong-In
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.344-352
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    • 2014
  • The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia on physiological responses in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Interestingly, no mortality were observed when the specimens ($301.1{\pm}8.0g$) were exposed to five levels of un-ionized ammonia ($NH_3$) (control, 1, 2, 4, $8mg\;L^{-1}$) for 3 hours. Furthermore, a significantly higher increase in gill $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase (NKA) pump activity with was detected due to the ammonia exposure. The activity of the fishes were found to be 4 and $8mg\;L^{-1}$ $NH_3$, which was significantly high compared to normal $1mg\;L^{-1}$ $NH_3$. Although ammonia exposure had no effect on plasma $Cl^-$, exposure to both 4 and $8mg\;L^{-1}$ $NH_3$, however it led to increase in the plasma $Na^+$, $K^+$ and osmolality levels. Also, prolong ammonia exposure cause increase of plasma cortisol and glucose levels. The increase in glucose was accompanied by an increase in cortisol. The fish exposed to 4 and $8mg\;L^{-1}$ $NH_3$ showed significantly higher hematocrit than control group than those exposed to 1 and $2mg\;L^{-1}$ $NH_3$. The intensity of cell damage increased with the increase concentration and exposure to ammonia. Furthermore, hyperplasia, separation and epithelial necrosis were also observed in gill tissues. Taken together, the results showed that direction of changes to the investigated parameters can be used to determine the physiological responses of Korean rockfish to ammonia.

Transportation and Distribution Temperatures Affect Fruit Quality and Physiological Disorders in 'Wonhwang' Pears (수송 및 유통온도에 따른 '원황' 배 품질 및 생리장해 발생)

  • Oh, Kyoung-Young;Lee, Ug-Yong;Moon, Seung-Joo;Kim, Young-Ok;Yook, Hong-Sun;Hwang, Yong-Soo;Chun, Jong-Pil
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.434-441
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    • 2010
  • 'Wonhwang' pear ($Pyrus$ $pyrifolia$ Nakai) often showed physiological disorder and quality deterioration during long-term storage and shelf life although this cultivar has the advantage of a good appearance and better taste for overseas exportation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature during transportation and continuing market temperature on fruit quality, and the occurrence of physiological disorder to set up the appropriate transportation and distribution temperatures in the fruits harvested at different times. Unripe fruits harvested 120 days after full bloom maintained higher firmness until 21days of shelf life at both 18 and $25^{\circ}C$ than late harvested ones. Otherwise, ripe fruits harvested 130 days after full bloom showed high incidence of mealiness breakdown of flesh tissues in 21 days of shelf-life at $25^{\circ}C$ of market temperature, but not in the fruits stored at $18^{\circ}C$. Late harvested fruits showed much severe physiological disorders when compared with early harvested ones that showed relatively lower respiration rates. Fruit quality parameters were more highly affected by market temperature than transportation temperature. Results showed that unripe fruits harvested at 120 days after full bloom maintains high marketability until 21 days of shelf-life, while the maximum shelf-life of ripe fruits harvested 130 days after full bloom will be considered at within 7 days.

Simulation platform for living environment to ensure quality life (쾌적한 생활 설계를 위한 주거 및 사무실 시뮬레이터개발)

  • Park, Se-Jin;Kim, Chul-Jung;Kim, Si-Kyung;Mazumder, Mohammad Mynuddin Gani
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.853-860
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    • 2007
  • In this modern era, human beings lead their life in complex environment where there are lots of parameters such as temperature, light, smell, sound, visual stimulus etc. that play important role for quality life. These parameters affect physical and mental behavior of a human being immensely. To ensure quality life the demand for quality products is always associated with human emotion and sensibility. Due to human sensibility and emotion involvement with quality life, the design stages of any kind of product must include some certain features related with emotion and sensibility. The cues for optimizing artificial environment are the physiological responses of human in that environment. The conventional approach of environmental physiology is to measure the relationship between environmental physical parameters and human psychological parameters under artificial conditions. Using that approach we tried to design an artificial environment for our daily lives and activities associated with both physiological and psychological behavior. We developed the technique to present the mock environment and software to measure and evaluate sensibility physiologically or psychologically and a simulator to measure and evaluate sensibility that can be utilized for large scale industrial production and design of environment. Simulator to measure and analyze human sensibility (SMAS) was constructed, which was utilized to estimate human sensibility and to simulate living and office environment.

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Preliminary screening of leafy vegetable New Zealand spinaches (Tetragonia tetragonioides) native to Korea (국내 자생 엽채류 번행초의 우수 유전자원 기초 선발)

  • Kim, In-Kyung;Lee, Ka Yeon;Kim, Sung-Ki;Kim, Byung-Woon;Choi, Weon-Young;Lee, Geung-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.515-523
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    • 2012
  • Recent development and enlargement of reclaimed lands along the sea shores required to explore alternatives to existing crops, which are suitable to grow well and to declare higher profits. The objectives of this study were to investigate yield-related parameters for development of new leafy vegetables, and to screen some candidates among New Zealand spinach genotypes which were collected in Korea. Initially all the collected genotypes were grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse of the experiment field in Chungnam National University, and then transplanted into the field to measure morphological or physiological parameters (plant height, branch number, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and maximum canopy diameter), and yield-related parameters (leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight). Those parameters were quantitatively measured at 1, 5 or 9 weeks after transplanting (WAT). Parameters exhibiting statistically significant difference among the accessions were plant height, branch number, maximum canopy diameter, chlorophyll content, and leaf length. In contrast to highly correlated parameters with fresh and dry weight obtained in salt-affected soil in the earlier report, fresh weight was correlated significantly with leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.64), and canopy diameter(r=0.66), while dry weight was correlated significantly with plant height (r=0.46), leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.73), fresh weight (r=0.79), chlorophyll content (r=0.47), and canopy diameter (r=0.87). Based on the significantly correlated with yield parameters, the candidate accessions which were ranked in top statistical groups include CNU06A01, CNU06A13, CNU06A26, CNU06A35, CNU06A38, and CNU06A55. In order to be cultivated in reclaimed lands, it is necessary to screen out salt tolerant accessions among the above high-yielding genotypes.

Effect of Chitosan on the Lipid Metabolism in Treated 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Rats (다이옥신 처리에 대한 키토산이 지질대사에 미치는 효과)

  • Hwang Seock Yeon;Yang Jin Bae;Chang Cheoul Soo;Kim Tae Up;Lee Hyung Chul
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.782-787
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of chitosan on lipid peroxidation and key lipid parameters in Sprague-Dawley rat (SO rat) accutely exposured to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Male SO rats received single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of TCDD (40 j.lg/kg), and were given diet containing 3 or 5% chitosan for 4 weeks from 1 week before TCDD treatment. The gain in body weight was less in group treated with TCDD than in CON group, while that of Ch/H+ TCDD group (5% chitosan diet) increased. The decrease in liver and testis weight caused by TCDD was prevented by high dietary intake of chitosan (5% chitosan). Serum (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, and LDL-C) and liver lipid parameters (total lipid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride) were significantly elevated in TCDD-induced rats, but these parameters excluding HDL-C were significantly reduced in high dietary intake of chitosan (5% chitosan). These findings suggest that chitosan is believed to be a possible protective effect against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in rat.

BIOFIT - Smart, Portable, Wearable and Wireless Digital Exercise Trainer Device with Biofeedback Capability

  • Diwakar Praveen Kumar;Oh Young-Keun;Chung Gyo-Bum;Park Seung-Hun
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.36-45
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    • 2007
  • Today Human Personal Trainers are becoming very famous in this health conscious world. They teach user to achieve fitness goals in managed way. Due to their high fee and tight schedule they are unavailable to mass number of people. Another solution to this problem is to develop digital personal trainer portable instrument that may replace human personal trainers. We developed a portable digital exercise trainer device - BIOFIT that manages, monitors and records the user's physical status and workout during exercise session. It guides the user to exercise efficiently for specific fitness goal. It keeps the full exercise program i.e. exercises start date and time, duration, mode, control parameter, intensity in its memory which helps the user in managing his exercise. Exercise program can be downloaded from the internet. During exercise it continuously monitors the user's physiological parameters: heart rate, number of steps walked, and energy consumed. If these parameters do not range within prescribed target zone, the BIOFIT will alarm the user as a feedback to control exercise. The BIOFIT displays these parameters on graphic LCD. During exercise it continuously records the heart rate and number of steps walked every 10 seconds along with exercise date and time. This stored information can be used as treatment for the user by an exercise expert. Real-time ECG monitoring can be viewed wirelessly (RF Communication) on a remote PC.

Toxicity Screening of Single Dose of Inorganic and Organic Arsenics on Hematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Male Cynomolgus Monkeys

  • Kim, Choong-Yong;Han, Kang-Hyun;Heo, Jeong-Doo;Han, Eui-Sik;Yum, Young-Na;Lee, Jin-Young;Park, Kyung-Su;Im, Ruth;Choi, Seong-Jin;Park, Jung-Duck
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.219-225
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    • 2008
  • A screening study of the acute toxicity of organic arsenics such as arsenobetaine and arsenocholine, a product of arsenic methylation metabolite, and inorganic arsenic was carried out to examine hematological and serum biochemical parameters in cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis). We found soft and liquid feces, and vomiting in all treated groups with inorganic and organic arsenics. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a significant increase in vomiting frequency compared with those in three organic arsenics-treated groups. These results suggest that inorganic arsenic might be more toxic than three other organic arsenics tested. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a decrease in platelet and an increase in monocyte on day 4 and the monkeys in arsenocholine-treated group showed an increase in reticulocyte percentage on day 8. The monkeys in inorganic-treated group also showed decreases in AST and ALT values and the monkeys in arsenobetaine-treated group showed a decrease in AST value and an increase in T-CHO value. However, these hematological and biochemical changes were within the physiological ranges, showing that the single dose of inorganic and organic arsenics did not affect at least hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The present study of toxicity with single dose of arsenics provides valuable indicators for longer term study of toxicity of repeated doses of arsenics in primates.

Production Of Gellan Gum by Pseudomonas elodea (I) -Estimation of Metabolic Parameters and Rheological Properties of Culture Broth- (Pseudomonas elodea에 의한 Gellan Gum 생산(I) -metabolic parsmeter의 추정및 배양액의 유변학적 특성-)

  • 정봉우;박선호
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.235-240
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    • 1990
  • A quantitative physiological approach has been employed to estimate the metabolic parameters such as specific uptake rates of nutrients and specific production rate in continuous culture of Pseudomonas elodea for gellan gum production. The estimated values of metabolic parameters are used for process improvement. During the exponential growth phase, the specific growth rate was 0.16hr-1 in batch culture. The gellan gum concentration increased up to 0.7g dry weight/100g broth and the apparent viscosity of the culture broth was about 4,500 cp.(72hrs culture). The ratio of specific uptake rate of carbon to that of nitrogen were found to be optimum at about 3.0mg-carbon/mg-nitro-gen. With the improved medium, the maximum gellan production rate, 0.6g dry weight/1/hr, was obtained at D=0.14 hr-1. The shear stresses of culture broth were fairly well correlated with shear rates by using Casson equation and at highly viscous culture broth, oxygen transfer coefficient was greatly reduced.

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Laccase- and Peroxidase-Free Tyrosinase Production by Isolated Microbial Strain

  • Sambasiva Rao, K.R.S.;Tripathy, N.K.;Mahalaxmi, Y.;Prakasham, R.S.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.207-214
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    • 2012
  • Laccase- and peroxidase-free tyrosinase has commercial importance in the production of L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), which is mainly used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, isolation of an actinomycetes microbial strain capable of producing only tyrosinase is reported. Among all soil isolates, three individual colonies revealed black color around the colony in the presence of tyrosine. Further screening for laccase and peroxidase activities using syringaldazine denoted that one of the isolates, designated as RSP-T1, is laccase and peroxidase negative and produces only tyrosinase. The microbe was authenticated as Streptomyces antibioticus based on 16S ribotyping. Effective growth of this isolate was noticed with the use of medium (pH 5.5) containing casein acid hydrolysate (10.0 g/l), $K_2HPO_4$ (5.0 g/l), $MgSO_4$ (0.25 g/l), L-tyrosine (1.0 g/l), and agar (15 g/l). The scanning electron micrograph depicted that the microbe is highly branched and filamentous in nature. The enzyme production was positively regulated in the presence of copper sulfate. The impact of different fermentation parameters on tyrosinase production depicted that the maximized enzyme titer values were observed when this isolate was grown at 6.5 pH and at $30^{\circ}C$ temperature under agitated conditions (220 rpm). Among all the studied physiological parameters, agitation played a significant role on tyrosinase production. Upon optimization of the parameters, the yield of tyrosinase was improved more than 100% compared with the initial yield.

Study on Pelvic Parameters and Biomechanical Characteristics of Foot in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (만성 요통 환자의 골반지표와 발의 생체역학적 특징 연구)

  • Kong, Jae-Cheol;Moon, Soo-Jeong;Jo, Dong-Chan;Ko, Youn-Suk;Song, Yung-Sun;Lee, Jung-Han
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2012
  • The structural and biomechanical characteristics of pelvic and foot are important factors of back pain, but it is still complicated to clearly explain the relationship among them. The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristic of pelvic parameters and biomechanics of foot in patients with low back pain. Thirty-three female subjects with chronic low back pain were enrolled and ODI and VAS score were measured for back pain index. All subjects were taken the X-ray examination for major pelvic parameters and foot scan analysis for foot pressure, gait angle, fore-foot/rear-foot peak pressure ratio and asymmetric index. Statistical analysis were performed to examine the inter-relation between the measurement. As a result, it was shown the positive interrelation between back pain and F/R ratio, but others were not shown the relationship related to low back pain. And there were correlations between the lumbo-pelvic structure and biomechanics of foot in some aspects, but the causal relationship between them are still indefinable. In order to get more information about structures and biomechanics related to low back pain, subsequent researches are needed.