• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.355-366
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• 2005

Automatic discovery of physical topology plays a crucial role in enhancing the manageability of modern metro Ethernet networks. Despite the importance of the problem, earlier research and commercial network management tools have typically concentrated on either discovering logical topology, or proprietary solutions targeting specific product families. Recent works have demonstrated that network topology can be determined using the standard simple network management protocol (SNMP) management information base (MIB), but these algorithms depend on address forwarding table (AFT) entries and can find only spanning tree paths in an Ethernet mesh network. A previous work by Breibart et al. requires that AFT entries be complete; however, that can be a risky assumption in a realistic Ethernet mesh network. In this paper, we have proposed a new physical topology discovery algorithm which works without complete knowledge of AFT entries. Our algorithm can discover a complete physical topology including inactive interfaces eliminated by the spanning tree protocol in metro Ethernet networks. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by implementation.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1416-1427
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 생존 가능한 선박 백본 네트워크의 설계 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 설계 기법에서 선박 백본 네트워크의 토폴로지를 근사 최적으로 구성하기 위하여 먼저 선박 장치의 통신 인터페이스와 링크가 이중화로 구성된 선박 백본 네트워크의 효율적인 구조를 분석 및 제안하였다. 그리고 제안한 선박 백본 네트워크의 구조를 고려한 정수선형계획법 기반 물리 토폴로지의 구성 방안을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 메타 휴리스틱 기법을 적용하여 물리 토폴로지 계층 위에서 형성되는 논리 토폴로지의 구성 방안을 제안하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

통신망에 대한 토폴로지 발견에 대한 기존의 연구는 주로 IP망에 대한 것으로 이더넷 장비의 토폴로지 발견은 배제되었다. 그러나 가격대비 성능이 우수한 이더넷 망이 점차 매트로 화되면서 이더넷 망에 대한 토폴로지 발견을 통하여 이더넷 망 관리에 대한 필요성이 요구 되었다. 하지만 벤더 의존적인 토폴로지 발견 알고리즘과 2계층 포워딩 테이블에 의존적인 토폴로지 발견 알고리즘으로 인하여 메시 구조의 토폴로지는 발견하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 제약을 극복하기 위하여 이더넷 망을 브리지 망과 호스트 망으로 구분하여 각 망에 효과적인 토폴로지 발견 알고리즘을 제안한다. 두 가지 종류의 망의 경계에 있는 브리지들을 에지 브리지라고 정의하고 에지 브리지 내부의 브리지 망은 스패닝 트리 프로토콜과 관련된 표준 MIB에 의하여 메시 구조의 토폴로지 발견이 가능하고 에지 브리지의 외부 망인 호스트 망은 2계층 포워딩 테이블과 관련된 표준 MIB을 이용함으로써 실시간적인 호스트망의 토폴로지 발견이 가능하다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권3A호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2000

Although designing a virtual topology for all-optical WDM wide-area networks has been extensively studied and several algorithms have been proposed, these algorithms assumed error-free communication between two nodes. However, noises from optical amplifiers and optical cross-connects can degraded the signal, resulting in a nonzero bit-error rate. In this paper, we investigate the effect of physical limitations on the virtual topology design. We show that for side-area all-optical networks where transmission distance is fairly long, virtual topology design algorithm that can determine the locations of opto-electronic(OE) and electro-optic(EO) conversions to set up a connection request with a high BER in a multihop manner.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

가상의 프로세스 토폴로지를 물리적인 프로세서 토폴로지로 매핑하는 문제는 병렬 프로그래밍에서 가장 중요한 이슈 중의 하나이다. 그러나 이 매핑은 토폴로지 비규칙성 및 라우팅 복잡성으로 인해 어려운 문제로 여겨지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 프로세스간 통신 패턴으로 2차원 메쉬 프로세스 토폴로지를 가정하여, 비규칙 클러스터 시스템을 위한 새로운 프로세스 매핑 기법인 인접 기반 매핑(AM)을 제안한다. 클러스터 시스템은 전통적인 규칙성 네트워크에서는 달성하기 어려운 상호연결 유연성과 시스템 확장성을 제공하기 때문에 여러 해 동안 활발히 연구 개발되어 오고 있다. 제안한 AM은 가상 프로세스 토폴로지에서 이웃하는 프로세스를 물리적인 프로세서 토폴로지의 인접한 프로세서에게 매핑시킨다. 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, 제안한 AM은 기존 방법에 비하여 매핑 품질이 우수하고 프로세스간 지연시간이 감소하는 결과를 나타낸다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.309-316
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• 2005

In this paper, we develop continuum-based design sensitivity analysis (DSA) methods using both direct differential method (DDM) and adjoint variable method (AVM) for non-shape design problems. The developed DSA method is further utilized for the topology design optimization of 3-dimensional structures. In numerical examples, the analytical DSA results are verified using finite difference ones. The topology optimization method yields very reasonable results in physical point of view.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.3572-3593
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• 2015

This article investigates the topology control problem in the space information network (SIN) using a hierarchical autonomous system (AS) approach. We propose an AS network topology control (AS-TC) algorithm to minimize the time delay in the SIN. Compared with most existing approaches for SIN where either the purely centralized or the purely distributed control method is adopted, the proposed algorithm is a hybrid control method. In order to reduce the cost of control, the control message exchange is constrained among neighboring sub-AS networks. We prove that the proposed algorithm achieve logical k-connectivity on the condition that the original physical topology is k-connectivity. Simulation results validate the theoretic analysis and effectiveness of the AS-TC algorithm.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.683-691
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• 2010

In this paper, using an adjoint variable method, we develop a design sensitivity analysis(DSA) method applicable to heat conduction problems in steady state. Also, a topology design optimization method is developed using the developed DSA method. Design sensitivity expressions with respect to the thermal conductivity are derived. Since the already factorized system matrix is utilized to obtain the adjoint solution, the cost for the sensitivity computation is trivial. For the topology design optimization, the design variables are parameterized into normalized bulk material densities. The objective function and constraint are the thermal compliance of structures and allowable material volume respectively. Through several numerical examples, the developed DSA method is verified to yield very accurate sensitivity results compared with finite difference ones, requiring less than 0.25% of CPU time for the finite differencing. Also, the topology optimization yields physical meaningful results.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose an opportunistic data relay scheme in narrowband multihop combat radio networks. Narrowband networks have physical restrictions on high-speed transmission. Furthermore, the topology changes dynamically due to the jamming of the enemy, signal interference between friendly forces, and movement of network entities. Therefore, the traditional relay scheme that collects topology information and calculates a relay path before transmission is unsuitable for such networks. Our proposed scheme does not collect topology information and transmits data opportunistically. The scheme can cause unnecessary data relaying that is not related to data delivery to the destination node. However, for small networks, the effect of increasing network throughput by not gathering topology information is much greater than the effect of reducing throughput by unnecessary data relays. We demonstrate the performance superiority of the proposed scheme through simulation in the worst case of network topology.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1771-1779
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• 2018

Modern trams with a super capacitor have gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its reliability, convenience, energy conservation and environmental friendliness. Because of its special charging characteristic, the traditional charging structure and control strategy cannot satisfy its charging requirements. This paper presents a new charging topology for fast charging modern trams with a super capacitor and it designs a controller using continuous control set model predictive control (CCS-MPC). There are three contributions in this paper. First, a new charging structure is designed and its mathematics model is derived. The cascade structure is adopted instead of the parallel structure to simplify the control process and to keep the rated power of the controllable part low. Second, a MPC control strategy is proposed to satisfy the charging characteristic. The optimal control signal can be obtained by solving the designed optimization problem. The optimal control signal is related to the discrete control action. In addition, mapping between the continuous control signal and the discrete control action is designed. Third, a semi-physical experimental platform is built to verify the proposed topology and control method. The simulation model and experiment platform are built to verify the correctness of the new structure and its control method. The results obtained show that the new topology can work effectively.