• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.119-128
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• 2023

Purpose: Obstacle crossing training is being used to improve the walking ability of stroke patients, but studies on which method is more effective when performing obstacle crossing training with an unaffected limb lead (OCT-ULL) and an affected limb lead (OCT-ALL) are not well known. As such, this study aims to compare the intervention effects of obstacle crossing training using unaffected limb leads (OCT-ULL) and obstacle crossing training using affected limb leads (OCT-ALL). Methods: In total, 25 patients with chronic stroke were studied and assigned randomly to the obstacle crossing training with unaffected limb leads (OCT-ULL) group or the obstacle crossing training with affected limb leads (OCT-ALL) group. A lower extremity strength test, balance and gait test, and fall efficacy test were conducted as preliminary tests, and all patients participated in the intervention for 30 minutes a day, five days a week for four weeks, and the same preliminary tests were conducted post-intervention. Results: Compared with the OCT-ALL group, the OCT-ULL group showed a significant improvement in the strength of the affected hip abductor muscle and in balance and gait, as well as in fall efficacy (p<.05). Conclusion: This study suggested that applying the OCT-ULL training method in the obstacle crossing training of stroke patients is more effective for improving balance and gait functions than OCT-ALL.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2002

In order to find the effects of physical therapy on the recovery of motor functions and mental state, a survey was conducted to 63 patients who, diagnosed as stroke by brain CT, had been hospitalized in a university medical center located in Jeonbuk provincial area from December 2000 to August 2001. The outcomes of the survey are as follows: 1. The subjects of the study were composed of 35 males(55.6%) and 28 females(44.4%), with 34(54.0%) below 60 in age and 29(46.0%) older than 60 years. 2. As to type of lesion, the surveyed patients were divided into 28(44.4%) with cerebral infarction, 24(38.1%) with cerebral hemorrhage, and 11(17.5%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage. In terms of size of lesion, they were divided into 29(46.0% with less than tan 1cm, 15 (23.8%) with $1{\sim}2cm$ and 19(30.2%) with longer than 2cm. Thirty-five patients(55.7%) reported paralysis in their right side, while 28(44.8%) complained paralysis in their left side. No recidivation was reported by 51(81.1%) while recidivation was asserted by 12(19%). Among them, 27(42.9%) had no past history but 36(57.1%) had such. 3. Regarding the time hour onset to admission to physical therapy, 46patients(73.0%) experienced it for less than one month, while 17(27.0%) for longer than one month. In terms of period of physical therapy, 30(47.6%) underwent the therapy for less than one month, 18(28.6%) for 1-2 months and 15(23.8%) for longer than 2 months. As is shown in the above study, the longer the period of physical therapy is, the more changes might occur in points of MMSE-K and MMAS. It may, therefore, be concluded that sufficiently longer period of physical therapy ensures the increased recovery of physical functions from stroke.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.111-114
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• 1998

Acoustical holography is one of the powerful methods in sound radiation problems. Just measuring hologram data on a plane, one can calculate whole space physical quantities such as pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity. However, the use of finite and discrete operations introduce significant errors inevitably. This paper reviews error reduction schemes, and introduces error analysis criteria derived from modal analysis. Finally the effect of window functions is investigated by these criteria.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.215-227
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• 2011

In this paper we introduce a class $h^{-\infty}_{\Phi}(\mathbb{B})$ of weighted spaces of harmonic functions in the unit ball $\mathbb{B}$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$. We dene weakly sufficient sets in this space and give an explicit construction of countable sets of such a type. Various examples of weight functions are also discussed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.295-302
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• 2007

The use of colors plays an important role in the field of space design. The selection of proper colors influences on people who use space by making the most of the psychological and physical functions of colors. Especially, the medical space is relatively more important than other indoor spaces in the selection of colors. The medical space has to be something to do with diversity and functions, and at the same time with stability and quietude, as well as the space with general convenient facilities. Color is not only related to the expression but also to the distinction of things and the existence. It also functions as a visual language. Human beings depend heavily on the function of color as a visual language. According to previous studies, human beings depend on color by 80% of the whole range of eyesight. Thus, color is an important factor in recognizing things and space. For example, in hospital, it Is very important to apply proper colors to various medical treatment spaces for the sake of patients' rest and healing. Various colors which do not consider the function of patients' rest and healing may make the space confusing against the change of space and structure. It is also important to apply colors to the change of space and structure. Another key point that I would like to make is that color has visual, direct and physical influence on the human body. For example, the color red with long wavelength serves to regulate body temperature. Research on the color scheme for hospitals should consider both physical and psychological factors. That is why the research should be carried out in depth through continuous clinical demonstration. The present research aims to outline color planning.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.359-368
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• 2018

In this paper, a method is presented to identify the physical and modal parameters of multistory shear building based on substructural technique using block pulse generalized operational matrix and genetic algorithm. The substructure approach divides a complete structure into several substructures in order to significantly reduce the number of unknown parameters for each substructure so that identification processes can be independently conducted on each substructure. Block pulse functions are set of orthogonal functions that have been used in recent years as useful tools in signal characterization. Assuming that the input-outputs data of the system are known, their original BP coefficients can be calculated using numerical method. By using generalized BP operational matrices, substructural dynamic vibration equations can be converted into algebraic equations and based on BP coefficient for each story can be estimated. A cost function can be defined for each story based on original and estimated BP coefficients and physical parameters such as mass, stiffness and damping can be obtained by minimizing cost functions with genetic algorithm. Then, the modal parameters can be computed based on physical parameters. This method does not require that all floors are equipped with sensor simultaneously. To prove the validity, numerical simulation of a shear building excited by two different normally distributed random signals is presented. To evaluate the noise effect, measurement random white noise is added to the noise-free structural responses. The results reveal the proposed method can be beneficial in structural identification with less computational expenses and high accuracy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.479-486
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on pain-related function of industrial workers with chronic low back pain and lumbar instability. 20 industrial workers with chronic low back pain were divided into two groups, control group(n=10) and experimental group(n=10). Back muscle strength, flexibility, and balance ability were measured to assess physical functions, and visual analog scale(VAS) was used to evaluate pain levels. In both groups, back muscle strength and balance ability increased significantly, and pain levels decreased significantly. In comparison between the groups, the experimental group compared to the control group showed significant improvement in balance ability and significant diminishment in pain levels. In conclusion, the lumbar stabilization exercise has positive effects on industrial workers with lumbar instability and chronic low back pain by improving balance ability and reducing pain.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.53-58
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• 2010

Purpose: Our goal was to determine the difference in motor recovery between two stroke types: the corona radiata (CR) infarct type and the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) type, by using assessment methods for motor functions. Methods: Forty subjects who were diagnosed as having had a stroke with an infarct (men: 11, women: 9, mean age: $62.25{\pm}7.59$) or a stroke with an ICH (men: 12, women: 8, mean age: $59.75{\pm}6.11$) were recruited. In all subjects, motor functions of the affected extremities were measured 2 times: at stroke onset (initial) and 6 months after the onset (final) by the motricity index (MI), the modified Brunnstrom classification (MBC), and functional ambulatory category (FAC). We compared the final assessment with the initial one. Results: Motor functions of all patients improved with the passing of time. All scores of motor function assessment in the ICH type were higher than in the infarct type. Comparing the initial assessment with the final one, upper MI and MBC scores of the upper extremities were significantly different between the two stroke types (p<0.05), but lower MI and FAC scores of the lower extremities were not (p>0.05). Conclusion: These findings imply that patterns of motor recovery in patients with either the infarct type or the ICH type of stroke change for the better over time. The degree of motor recovery in the ICH type was better than in the infarct type. Therefore, one can introduce clinical interventions by the aspect of progress in functional motor recovery.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.294-304
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate objectively measured physical activity (PA) in institutionalized older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to elucidate the influence of autonomic nervous function, salivary cortisol, and PA on cognitive functions based on neurovisceral integration model. Methods: Overall cognitive function was evaluated using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and executive function was evaluated using semantic verbal fluency test and clock drawing test. Actigraph for PA, HRV and sAA for autonomous function, and the geriatric depression scale for depression were used. Saliva specimens were collected in the morning for sAA and cortisol. Results: Ninety-eight older adults from four regional geriatric hospitals participated in the study. They took 4,499 steps per day on average. They spent 753.93 minutes and 23.12 minutes on average in sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous activity, respectively. In the multiple regression analysis, lower salivary cortisol level (β = - .33, p = .041) and greater step counts (β = .37, p = .029) significantly improved MMSE score. Greater step count (β = .27, p = .016) also exerted a significant influence on verbal fluency, and greater sAA (β= .35, p = .026) was significantly associated with a better clock drawing test result. Conclusion: Salivary cortisol, sAA and physical activity were significantly associated with cognitive functions. To prevent older adults from developing dementia, strategies are needed to increase their overall PA amount by decreasing sedentary time and to decrease salivary cortisol for cognitive function, and to maintain their sympathetic nervous activity for executive function.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1037-1045
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• 1996

The purposes of this survey are to investigate which inventory are used to assess the disables children, to give information and basic data for developing new inventory for disabled children. 1. 8 institutes (40 %) have no test or evaluate tools. 2. Number of tools of rehabilitation institutes have more than hospital. 3. 86.8% of tools are made in United States. 4. 52.2 % of tools do not test validity and reliability 5. 43.5% of tools are tested for gross and fine motor functions. 6. The interval of reassesstment are very irregulary(43.5 %). So, We suggest that Korean physical therapist should be made tools which is tested motor, perception and cognition with validity and relability for CNS dysfuntion patients.