• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2022

Objective: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of monitoring systems to monitor and manage physical function of community-dwelling elderly living alone and suggest future directions of unobtrusive monitoring. Design: Literature review Methods: The importance of health-related monitoring has been emphasized due to the aging population and novel corona virus (COVID-19) outbreak.As the population gets old and because of changes in culture, the number of single-person households among the elderly is expected to continue to increase. Elders are staying home longer and their physical function may decline rapidly,which can be a disturbing factorto successful aging.Therefore, systematic elderly management must be considered. Results: Frequently used technologies to monitor elders at home included red, green, blue (RGB) camera, accelerometer, passive infrared (PIR) sensor, wearable devices, and depth camera. Of them all, considering privacy concerns and easy-to-use features for elders, depth camera possibly can be a technology to be adapted at homes to unobtrusively monitor physical function of elderly living alone.The depth camera has been used to evaluate physical functions during rehabilitation and proven its efficiency. Conclusions: Therefore, physical monitoring system that is unobtrusive should be studied and developed in the future to monitor physical function of community-dwelling elderly living alone for the aging population.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.165-175
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the nursing needs of patients with chronic illness. Method: The subjects of this study were 636 patients with chronic illness, 323 general nurses, and 106 public health nurses. The instruments used for this study were questionnaires including perceived functions of nursing from the center for chronic illness, preference to placement, intention to use, needs to receive services from the center for chronic illness, strategies management for nursing, and nursing needs of chronically ill patients. Results: The mean of perceived functions for nursing from the center were 3.1(0.5) in public health nurses, 2.9 (0.59) in general nurses, and 2.4(1.33) in chronically ill patients. Regards of needs to receive on services of the nursing centers were, the regularly physical examination, for health educational services which was perceived highest request amongst chronically ill patients. We found the means of each specific need as 2.2(0.6), for physical health, 2.1(0.7), for psychosocial health, and 1.8(0.6) for spiritual health. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it is suggested that establishing a nursing center for chronically ill patients consider physical, psychosocial, for spiritual health needs of chronically ill patients. It is also a consideration that direct care for symptom management and health education in the nursing center be implemented.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.253-270
• /
• 2010

The adjustment of negative emotions in later life is related to the quality of life and life satisfaction. any studies have examined how to control the negative emotions in related to physical, psychological, and social relationships. As the digital media and contents positively influence elder's mental and somatic well-being, it is significant to examine this problem from IT usage, especially the selection of digital contents. This study validated the theoretical study through a qualitative exploratory study comprising both negative emotions and the selection of digital contents, and empirically tested the proposed research model on the older people. The result shows the pattern of linkages between the grief of loss and the pursuit of digital contents. Loss from being parted by death and loss of relations was positively related to the information seeking contents. Economical loss and loss of physical functions was positively related to the innovation seeking contents. Loss of physical functions and Loss from being parted by death was positively related to the emotion seeking contents. And economic loss and loss of relations was positively related to the entertainment seeking contents.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.294-304
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of taping therapy on the range of motion and pain of shoulders, physical functions and depression among hospitalized patients with stroke a geriatric hospital. Methods: The study design was a none equivalent control group pre-post test quasi-experimental design. The participants were 25 patients for experimental group and 25 patients for the control group. The period of this study was from March to July 2010. The twenty minute taping therapy was performed for twice a week for eight weeks. Results: The results showed that taping therapy was effective in range of motion shoulders (flexion: t=-5.81, p =.001, abduction: t=-3.69, p =.001) and pain of shoulders (rest: t=3.18, p = .003, movement: t=2.97, p =.005), grip (t=-3.22, p =.002) and balance (t=3.20, p =.002), and depression (t=3.24, p =.002). The variable of ADL (t=-1.99, p =.052) was not significant. Conclusion: The results of the taping therapy increased range of motion shoulders and grip and balance of physical functions, and decreased pain in shoulders and depression. The findings support that taping therapy can be used as a nursing intervention for stroke patients in practical nursing and communities.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2018

Among Internet of things (IoT) applications, the most demanding requirements for the widespread realization of many IoT visions are security and low power. In terms of security, IoT applications include tasks that are rarely addressed before such as secure computation, trusted sensing, and communication, privacy, and so on. These tasks ask for new and better techniques for the protection of data, software, and hardware. An integral part of hardware cryptographic primitives are secret keys and unique IDs. Physical Unclonable Functions(PUF) are a unique class of circuits that leverage the inherent variations in manufacturing process to create unique, unclonable IDs and secret keys. In this paper, we propose a low power Arbiter PUF circuit with low error rate and high reliability compared with conventional arbiter PUFs. The proposed PUF utilizes a power gating structure to save the power consumption in sleep mode, and uses a razor flip-flop to increase reliability. PUF has been designed and implemented using a FPGA and a ASIC chip (a 0.35 um technology). Experimental results show that our proposed PUF solves the metastability problem and reduce the power consumption of PUF compared to the conventional Arbiter PUF. It is expected that the proposed PUF can be used in systems required low power consumption and high reliability such as low power encryption processors and low power biomedical systems.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.653-664
• /
• 2013

The design of computer-based instrumentation and control (I&C) systems is determined by the allocation of I&C functions to I&C systems and components. Due to the characteristics of computer-based technology, component failures can negatively affect several I&C functions, so that the reliability proof of the I&C systems requires the accomplishment of I&C system design analyses throughout the I&C life-cycle. On one hand, this paper proposes the restructuring of the sequential IEC 61513 I&C life-cycle according to the V-model, so as to adequately integrate the concept of verification and validation. On the other hand, based on a metamodel for the modeling of I&C systems, this paper introduces a method for the modeling and analysis of the effects with respect to the superposition of failure combinations and event sequences on the I&C system design, i.e. the temporal change of physical structure is analyzed. In the first step, the method is concerned with the modeling of the I&C systems. In the second step, the method considers the analysis of temporal change of physical structure, which integrates the concepts of the diversity and defense-in-depth analysis, fault tree analysis, event tree analysis, and failure mode and effects analysis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.179-193
• /
• 2020

Ginseng products on the market show high variability in their composition and overall quality. This becomes a challenge for both consumers and health-care professionals who are in search of high-quality, reliable ginseng products that have a proven safety and efficacy profile. The botanical extract standardization is of crucial importance in this context as it determines the reproducibility of the quality of the product that is essential for the evaluation of effectiveness and safety. This review focuses on the well-characterized and standardized ginseng extract, G115, which represents an excellent example of an herbal drug preparation with constant safety and efficacy within the herbal medicinal products. Over the many decades, extensive preclinical and clinical research has been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of G115. In vitro and in vivo studies of G115 have shown pharmacological effects on physical performance, cognitive function, metabolism, and the immune system. Furthermore, a significant number of G115 clinical studies, most of them double-blind placebo-controlled, have reinforced the findings of preclinical evidence and proved the efficacy of this extract on blood glucose and lipid regulation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, energy, physical performance, and immune and cognitive functions. Clinical trials and 50 years of presence on the market are proof of a good safety profile of G115.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.335-343
• /
• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ischemic compression treatment (ICT) or low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied to the trigger points of the infraspinatus muscle on shoulder pain and function in patients with shoulder pain. Design: A randomized clinical trial Methods: Thirty patients with shoulder pain were randomly allocated into the ICT group (n=15) or LLLT groups (n=15). ICT was performed on three myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of the infraspinatus muscle twice a week for 4 weeks (eight sessions), with 5 minutes of treatment per trigger point. LLLT was performed similarly. Shoulder pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain pressure threshold (PPT), and shoulder function was assessed using the Korean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, rotator cuff strength, and range of motion (ROM) of shoulder flexion and abduction. Results: Significant changes in VAS score and PPT were found after the intervention in both groups (p<0.05). Significant changes were observed in the Korean DASH score, rotator cuff strength, and ROM of shoulder flexion (p<0.05) but not in the ROM of shoulder abduction (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: This study showed that both ICT and LLLT applied on the MTrPs of the infraspinatus muscle were effective for relieving shoulder pain and improving shoulder functions in patients with shoulder pain.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Obstacle crossing training is being used to improve the walking ability of stroke patients, but studies on which method is more effective when performing obstacle crossing training with an unaffected limb lead (OCT-ULL) and an affected limb lead (OCT-ALL) are not well known. As such, this study aims to compare the intervention effects of obstacle crossing training using unaffected limb leads (OCT-ULL) and obstacle crossing training using affected limb leads (OCT-ALL). Methods: In total, 25 patients with chronic stroke were studied and assigned randomly to the obstacle crossing training with unaffected limb leads (OCT-ULL) group or the obstacle crossing training with affected limb leads (OCT-ALL) group. A lower extremity strength test, balance and gait test, and fall efficacy test were conducted as preliminary tests, and all patients participated in the intervention for 30 minutes a day, five days a week for four weeks, and the same preliminary tests were conducted post-intervention. Results: Compared with the OCT-ALL group, the OCT-ULL group showed a significant improvement in the strength of the affected hip abductor muscle and in balance and gait, as well as in fall efficacy (p<.05). Conclusion: This study suggested that applying the OCT-ULL training method in the obstacle crossing training of stroke patients is more effective for improving balance and gait functions than OCT-ALL.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2002

In order to find the effects of physical therapy on the recovery of motor functions and mental state, a survey was conducted to 63 patients who, diagnosed as stroke by brain CT, had been hospitalized in a university medical center located in Jeonbuk provincial area from December 2000 to August 2001. The outcomes of the survey are as follows: 1. The subjects of the study were composed of 35 males(55.6%) and 28 females(44.4%), with 34(54.0%) below 60 in age and 29(46.0%) older than 60 years. 2. As to type of lesion, the surveyed patients were divided into 28(44.4%) with cerebral infarction, 24(38.1%) with cerebral hemorrhage, and 11(17.5%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage. In terms of size of lesion, they were divided into 29(46.0% with less than tan 1cm, 15 (23.8%) with $1{\sim}2cm$ and 19(30.2%) with longer than 2cm. Thirty-five patients(55.7%) reported paralysis in their right side, while 28(44.8%) complained paralysis in their left side. No recidivation was reported by 51(81.1%) while recidivation was asserted by 12(19%). Among them, 27(42.9%) had no past history but 36(57.1%) had such. 3. Regarding the time hour onset to admission to physical therapy, 46patients(73.0%) experienced it for less than one month, while 17(27.0%) for longer than one month. In terms of period of physical therapy, 30(47.6%) underwent the therapy for less than one month, 18(28.6%) for 1-2 months and 15(23.8%) for longer than 2 months. As is shown in the above study, the longer the period of physical therapy is, the more changes might occur in points of MMSE-K and MMAS. It may, therefore, be concluded that sufficiently longer period of physical therapy ensures the increased recovery of physical functions from stroke.