• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2021

It is widely accepted that the prevention of global warming requires significant reductions in greenhouse gases, particularly CO₂ emissions. Although fossil fuel-based power plants account for the majority of CO₂ emissions, it is urgent to reduce CO₂ emissions in industries that emit large amounts of CO₂ such as steel, petrochemical, and oil refining. This paper examines the current status of CO₂ emission in the domestic oil refining industry and CO₂ emission sources in each unit process in the oil refining industry. Focusing on the previously developed CO₂ capture process, cases and applicability of greenhouse gas reduction in FCC and hydrogen manufacturing processes, which are major processes constituting the oil refining industry, are reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
• /
• 1999.11c
• /
• pp.313-330
• /
• 1999

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.51-69
• /
• 2006

This paper analyze the degree of competitiveness of the refining industry after price liberalization. We use two well-known methods: the first is Bresnahan (1982) and Lau (1982) method that estimates a structural model consisting of a demand relation and supply relation and the second is Panzar and Rosse (1987) method that estimates non structural model of the sum of elasticities of gross revenue with respect to input prices. Results from two models show mixed sign, however, our results indicate that price liberalization improved the degree of competitiveness.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2007

A wastewater treatment plant, operating process is physico-chemical/biological activated sludge attached sand filtration, was selected to evaluate effluent quality and pollutants removal efficiencies consideration for deriving the technology-based effluent limitation for petroleum refining industry discharge. The results of influent and effluent analysis were as follows: Average effluent quality were 0.076mg/l of copper, 0.084mg/l of lead, 0.036mg/l of zinc, 0.005mg/l of nickel and 0.004mg/l of cadmium, and the range of coefficient of reliability from 0.007 of copper to 1.0 of lead. Also, 95% of reliability, 0.112, 0.15, 0.063, 0.015 and 0.009mg/l, respectively, were remarkably lower than their effluent limitations. And to reach 95% reliability of effluent limitation at cleanness area, designed effluent quality of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium should be 0.268, 0.099, 0.526 and 0.008mg/l, respectively.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.663-688
• /
• 2011

Since the liberalization of petroleum product prices in 1997, there has been persistent suspicion with regard to asymmetry in the movement of petroleum product prices in Korea. In particular, academics and consumer groups suggest that prices decided by refining companies and gas stations have moved asymmetrically compared with international petroleum product prices. The primary aim of this study is to determine, using the Error Correction Model, to perform multi-country asymmetry analysis including the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy and Japan. We shows that comparison of domestic prices with international prices in the six countries mentioned above revealed a fairly low level of asymmetry in those countries, although some asymmetry was found in some countries at various times within the period of analysis. To explain the different degrees of asymmetry between countries, this study looked at asymmetry in the United States, Germany and Italy and sought correlations between each country's oil industry structure and its level of competition.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.58 no.1
• /
• pp.68-71
• /
• 2014

Petroleum refining unavoidably generates large volumes of oily wastewater. The environmentally acceptable disposal of oily wastewater is a current challenge to the petroleum industry. Nowadays, more attentions have been focused on the treatment techniques of oily wastewater. Oily wastewater contained highly concentrated and toxic organic compounds. Wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) and catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) were applied to eliminate pollutants to examine the feasibility of the WPO/CWO of oily wastewater. The results indicated that more than 80% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from oily wastewater was achieved with CWO. Homogenous catalyst, $NaHCO_3$ and $Na_2CO_3$ and NaOH showed effective removal for pollutants in oily wastewater. Greater than 90% COD removal was achieved with WPO. It was concluded that WPO was a far more effective process for oily wastewater.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2015.11a
• /
• pp.45-46
• /
• 2015

Recently, the large amount of sulfur is globally generated by the development of the petroleum refining industry every year. In this study, without the use of the sulfur with a high melting point used in the previous studies, the modified sulfur mortar with addition of a melting point of about 65℃ were tested to determine their distribution and strength properties according to the mixing method and curing conditions. This study is a test to find out the Density, Absorption and Table Flow of the modified sulfur and general sulfur. As result, general industrial sulfur flow was lower, showed a high absorption rate.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.121-145
• /
• 2019

This paper investigates the relationship between the oil price and the major petroleum products prices at the trading hubs such as Singapore, North West Europe and the US New York Harbor. We focus on the lead-lag relationship between the weekly petroleum prices from 2009 to 2016 based on the vector error correction model. We find that the oil price leads the prices of petroleum products in the long term, while there is bidirectional causality in the short term. On the other hand, prices of petroleum products in regions with high import dependency, such as Europe gas oil and jet fuel price, are exogenous in the long term. We also present evidence that prices of petroleum products in region with a large global-market share lead prices in other regions. However, if the region is in an over-production situation and low industry concentration, it may lose its price leadership due to intense competition. The result in this study can provide a useful information to petroleum refining companies in forecasting fluctuations of product price, and hence in planning their regional arbitrage trading activities.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.117-143
• /
• 2006

This paper illuminates the patterns of growth and declines in sizes of union membership in metal, chemical, financial, and auto transport sectors in three distinct periods during the last four decades from 1963 to 2003. This paper also calculates union densities in auto assembly, auto supply, and shipbuilding industries of the metal sector, cement, petroleum refining, and pharmaceutical industries of the chemical sector, private banking industry of the financial sector, and city bus industry of the auto transport sector. Such diversities in both sizes of union membership and union densities among sectors and industries turned out to be associated with attitudes and choices of employers and unions in interaction with sector- and industry-specific economic (growth stage and path), institutional (degrees of government intervention), and social (demographic features of employees and prevailing sizes of firms) environment. Such finding shows that theoretical reasonings on sizes of union membership and union densities across sectors and industries in advanced nations are also relevantly useful to analyze the Korean case.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.65-81
• /
• 2020

Under New Climate Regime, countries are trying to enhance environmental regulations to meet international standards. This study is designed to examine the relationship between the relative level of environmental regulation of the importing countries and the export performance at the industrial level. Panel data from 2009 to 2018 was established for 12 top export industries and empirical analysis was conducted. For the analysis method, panel OLS, Hausman-Taylor, and panel GLS were used based on the results of the Hausman verification. The dependent variable is the export performance of each industry. As the independent variables, the relative level of environmental regulation, GDP per capita of the importing country, exchange rate, FTA agreement, and physical distance from the importing country were used. Results show that the relative level of environmental regulation has a negative effect on export performance of semiconductors, displays, special machines, general machines, electric appliances, and home appliances. On the other hand, there are no relationship between the relative level of environmental regulation of the importing country and export performance of automobile, petroleum refining, petrochemical, shipbuilding, and communication equipment industries.