• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.50-58
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics and propagation methods of L. obtusiloba as a woody landscape plant. The results are obtained as follows: L. obtusiloba was dioecious shrub and shaped with bush type. Leaves were ovate, obtuse, cordate, 7.05 cm long, 7.20 cm wide, and petiole 2.0 cm long. Flowers of L. obtusiloba were diclinous. Soil acidity ranged from pH 4.06 to 5.53 with the lowest at the Mt. Soo-Ri. Mt. Soo-Ri located near factory district, which was considered to damaged by environmental deteoration. While soil organic matter was highest at Mt. Soo-Ri, inorganic nutrients were low. L. obtusiloba grows in the area with low soil acidity and low content of inorganic. Therefore it seemed to be tolerant to air pollution. L. Obtusiloba was high seed germination rate in the plug box and its shoots were longer than seeding box and softwood cutting of L. obtusiloba showed the rooting rate of 50% at 5,000ppm on June 23. To develop a mass propagation method of Korean native L. obtusiloba through an axillary bud culture as a woody landscape plant, about 2∼3 cm shoots induced from explant were subcultured to new media contained different growth regulators. Shoots multiplied most effectively on a WPM containing 1.0 mg/l BA, producing 5.5 shoots with a shoot length of 2.5 cm per shoot explant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
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• spring
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• pp.97-103
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• 2003

Phytochrome controls diverse aspects of plant development in response to the ambient light conditions. HFRl, a basic helix-loop-helix protein, is required for a subset of phytochrome A (phy A)-mediated photo-responses in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that overexpression of HFR1-N105, but not the one of the full-length HFR1, confers exaggerated photo-responses. The transgenic plants overexpressing HFR1- N105 exhibited light-independence in a subset of photo-responses, including germination, de-etiolation, gravitropic hypocotyl growth, and blocking of greening. Overexpression of HFR1-N105 also caused constitutive light-responses in the expression of some light-regulated genes. In addition, the HFR1-N105 overexpressor showed hypersensitive responses under R and FR light, dependently on phyB and phyA, respectively. End-of-day far-red light response and petiole elongation were suppressed in the HFR1-N105 overexpressor plants. Together these results imply that overexpression of HFR1-N105 activated a branch of light signaling, supporting the hypothesis that transcriptional regulation in the nucleus would be the primary mechanism of light signaling in Arabidopsis. We discuss the biotechnological potential of the mutant bHLH protein, HFR1-N105 in regard to suppressed shade avoidance syndrome.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2004

The reduced ratio of red:far-red (R:FR) light acts as a measure of the proximity of competitors and plants can detect the potentially competing neighbor plants by perceiving reflected R:FR signals and initiate the response of “shade avoidance” before actual shading occurs. The phytochrome system is responsible for monitoring the changes in the R:FR and initiating the shade avoidance response. The response to low R:FR ratio was studied in a white aspen Populus alba clone ‘Bolleana’ using two filter systems: a clear plastic filter system that allows a R:FR ratio less than 1.0 to pass from adjacent border plant reflection; and a special commercial plastic that blocks FR light and creates a R:FR ratio above 3.0. The reduced R:FR signals enhanced the stem elongation in response to competition at the expense of relative stem diameter growth. Trees grown inside clear chambers were 27 ％ taller than trees grown inside the FR-blocking filter chambers. Stem taper of clear chamber trees was 16％ less than the FR-blocking filter trees. Low R:FR also induced 22％ more stem dry weight and 13％ greater petiole length per leaf compared to the FR-blocking filter trees. There were no statistically significant differences in leaf area, leaf number increment, and total dry weight between the two light filter treatments.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.348-357
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to analyze the leaf variation of hex corn uta which are one of very important native landscape woody materials, but rapidly destroyed by habitat alteration in the past decades. The leaf characters were ranged as 0.9-11.8cm for the leaf length, 0.4-7.7cm for the leaf width, 0.2-13.0mm for the petiole length, $0.7-46.7cm^2$ for the leaf area and 1-13 for the number of leaf serrations. Due to the leaf shape, number of spines, and colours of leaf and fruits, which are the main characters of the cultivars of the Chinese holly, the hollies in the wild and planted as identified as 9 cultivars and one hybrid including 'Cholbuam', 'Inchon' and 'Sun Chun'.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1999

To examine taxonomic relationships among 53 plums derived from Prunus cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. salicina, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis on 27 morphological characters were conducted. Of 27 characters, leaf size, leaf shape, and leaf hair were useful characters for plum identification and understanding of taxonomic relationships among them. Leaf length, petiole length, number of leaf nectaries, leaf shape, leaf base, and date of full blooming showed the clear differences between P. salicina group and P. domestica group. Results of cluster analysis using scores of the first three principal components indicated that 53 plums could be grouped into P. salicina-P. cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. spinosa phenon at 1.0 of average distance in UPGMA. Although PCA was useful for rough classification of plums, much more characters were needed for the exact classification.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.300-303
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of growth characteristics and yield by different planting density on Wasabia japonica Matsum. in water culture. Plant height, leaf length, petiole length was long in spacious planting $(30{\times}25\;cm)$ and short in dense planting$(30{\times}15\;cm)$. Rhizome width was thick in spacious planting, and was thin in dense planting. Rhizome weight per plant decreased by increasing planting density, but rhizome yield was increased by high planting density. But distribution of rhizome weight did not show significant difference at different planting density.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.75-77
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• 1984

An undescribed Cercospora leaf spot of pepper grown in a greenhouse was observed at Jinju area in 1983. The symptom of this disease showed frog eyes spot on lower leaves of pepper. Leaves and petiole of pepper plant inoculated with spore suspension of this pathogen app­eared leaf spot after 2 weeks and exhibited cicular, brown frog eyes spot. This fungus was grown slowly on PDA and produce condia on infected leaves. The occurrence of this disease was responsi­ble for factors with high temperature and humidity conditions in the ill-ventilated greenhouse. This causal fungus was identified as Cercospora capsici Heald et. Wolf from the shape and length of the conidiophores, the length of the condia, and pathogenic behaviors.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

The dry weight of mother plants' leaves had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) mixed with NS 0.8 (customary use). In seafood amino acid fertilizer (SAF) application, the increase rate was highest in SAF solution at a 300-fold dilution. Mother plants' crown diameter, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and leaf number showed the greatest growth amount when NS 0.8 (customary use) was mixed to NS (single-use) or NS+EM (mixed-use) solution. The growth was highest in SAF solution diluted 300 folds, but lowest in SAF solution diluted 100 folds. Of all inorganic nutrients, excluding sulfur, total amount of nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) with the treatment of NS 0.8 (customary use). Total nitrogen, in particular, was increased by 3.1% in NS 0.4, 6.0% in NS 0.8, and 4.5% in NS 0.8 with the application of NS+EM at a 500-fold dilution compared to NS alone. Total nitrogen amount showed the highest increase rate in SAF solution diluted 300 folds. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and EC in soils applied with culture solutions (NS, NS+EM) had increasing tendencies after fertilizer application. The results were comparable to those of SAF treatment. The increase rate of each inorganic nutrient composition declined in soils applied with NS+EM solution diluted 500 folds compared to NS alone.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.224-227
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• 2005

We evaluated fruity characteristics to select the desirable mulberry varieties for the production of fruit. Tested items were total yield, weight of single fruit, soluble solids and fruit size including length, width, and petiole length. 'Susungppong', 'Cheongnosang', 'Suwonnosang' and 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)' were showed high yield for three years. In weight of single fruit, 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)' was 4.5 g. 4 mulberry varieties were showed move than 17 Brix $\%$ in soluble solids. From that results, eight suitable varieties such as 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)', 'Dangsang 7', 'Jangsosang', 'Susungppong', 'Suwonnosang', 'Palcheongsipyung', 'Kangsun', and 'Jukcheonchosaeng' were selected for the production of fruit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the growth responses of medicinal plants such as Glehnia littoralis, Cryptotaenia japonica, Angelica gigas, Reynoutria japonica, Saururus chinensis, Houttuynia cordata, Ligularia fischeri, and Aralia cordata under 70%-shading and full sunlight conditions on a rooftop condition using artificial soil as a growth media. Glehnia littoralis, Cryptotaenia japonica, Ligularia fischeri, Saururus chinensis, and Houttuynia cordata showed better growth on plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and leaf number under full sunlight conditions on a rooftop condition. Cryptotaenia japonica and Houttuynia cordata had high value of Hunter's a (red-green) under full sunlight, while had lower value of L(lightness) and b(blue-yellow) than those of 70% shading condition. As an index of plant stress response, Glehnia littoralis, Reynoutria japonica, Houttuynia cordata, Ligularia fischeri showed Fv/Fm values 0.79~0.84 under full sunlight in August, indicating low stress on plant growth. Therefore they seemed to be suitable medicinal plats for rooftop conditions. Ligularia fischeri and Reynoutria japonica showed better growth under 70% shading treatment in August, while showed high growth response under full sunlight conditions in September. The 70% shading treatment was effective for the growth of Angelica gigas, Reynoutria japonica, and Aralia cordata. Angelica gigas and Reynoutria japonica, however, showed better plant growth under full sunlight during summer. The results showed that Glehnia littoralis, Cryptotaenia japonica, Ligularia fischeri, Saururus chinensis, and Houttuynia cordat seemed to be suitable medicinal plants for rooftop garden where there is a full sunlight condition.