• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Current Challenges and Advances in Environmental Health
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• pp.43-44
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• 2004

• 환경생물
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2001

병해충을 막기 위해 농업용 살충제가 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 농약사용에 따른 생물학적 위해가 우려되며 농약이 또 다른 환경유해요인과 인체에 상승적으로 작용할 경우 농업재해로 이어질 가능성이 있다. 다양한 인자에 의한 DNA손상을 감지하는데 유용한 단세포 겔 전기영동법을 이용하여 살충제와 방사선에 의한 사람 림프구 DNA손상을 평가하였다. 각기 다른 농도로 살충제를 10분간 전처리한 림프구와 정상 림프구에 0-2.0 Gy의 방사선으로 조사한 다음 DNA 손상도를 평가하였다. DNA가닥 절단에 대한 표식인 tail moment의 증가는 감마선에 대해서 뚜렷한 선량-반응 관계를 나타내었다. 단세포 겔 전기영동법을 통한 평가결과 권장 사용농도 이상의 살충제는 림프구에 대한 유전독성을 나타내었을 뿐 아니라 방사선과 함께 상승작용을 일으켜 림프구 DNA손상을 더욱 증가시키는 것이 확인되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 환경재해의 방재 및 예방 조치에 필요한 생물정보를 사전에 제공하는 의미를 가진다.

• BioChip Journal
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.326-331
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• 2018

Contamination by pesticides is an everincreasing problem associated with fields of environmental management and healthcare. Accordingly, appropriate treatments are in demand. Pesticide detection methods have been researched extensively, aimed at making the detection convenient, fast, cost-effective, and easy to use. Among the various detecting strategies, paper-based assay is potent for real-time pesticide sensing due to its unique advantages including disposability, light weight, and low cost. In this study, a paper-based sensor for chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, has been developed by layering three sheets of patterned plates. In colorimetric quantification of pesticides, the blue color produced by the interaction between acetylcholinesterase and indoxyl acetate is inhibited by the pesticide molecules present in the sample solutions. With the optimized paper-based sensor, the pesticide is sensitively detected (limit of detection =8.60 ppm) within 5min. Furthermore, the shelf life of the device is enhanced to 14 days after from the fabrication, by treating trehalose solution onto the deposited reagents. We expect the paper-based device to be utilized as a first-screening analytic device for water quality monitoring and food analysis.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1998

Chlorsulfuron, one of sulfonylurea herbicides acts through inhibition of acetolactate syuthase (EC 4.1.3.18; ALS, also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase) in the branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis process. After chlorsulfuron-ALS interaction, many physiological and metabolic disruptions occur in plants. However, it is not clear how this chlorsulfuron-ALS interaction affects those physiological and metabolic processes and how this interaction leads subsequently to plant death. Several researchers suggested that the death of chlorsulfuron-treated plants might be due to a shortage of the branched-chain amino acids, an accumulation of toxic metabolites, and/or a depletion of photoassimilates. It remains as a mystery presently, however, if such changes result in the plant death. In this review, we discussed how the chlorsulfuran-ALS interaction leads to physiological and metabolic disruptions in plants.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표회요약집
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• pp.399.2-399
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• 2001

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2008

This research was conducted to develop a quick and sensitive method of detecting carbamate residues using the immobilization of antibody-antigen interactions with surface plasmon resonance (SPR). We have used commercialized surface plasmon resonance equipment (Biacore 3000). The antibody used for the immunoassay was specific for glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and the antigens included several carbamate pesticides (carbofuran, carbaryl, and benfuracarb). When antigens were applied to the protein GST, the detection limit was 2 ng/mL of carbamate pesticide. The fabricated protein GST maintained its activity for over 200 measurements. Thus we determined that the SPR biosensors could detect the specific reversible binding of a reactant in solution to a binding partner immobilized on the surface of the sensor and allow real-time detection and monitoring.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

Effective pesticide applications are needed to assure the quality and economic competitiveness of fruit production and lower the risk of spray drift. Experimental studies have shown that better spray coverage and less driftability require an understanding of the transport of spray droplets within turbulent airflows in the orchard and the interaction between droplet dynamics and tree canopies. This study developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict pesticide flows in the orchard and spray drift discharged from an air-assisted orchard sprayer. The model represented the transport of spray droplets as well as droplets captured by tree canopies, which were modeled as a conical porous model and branched tree model. Validation of the CFD model was accomplished by comparing the CFD results with field measurements. Spray depositions inside tree canopies and at off-target locations were in good agreement with the measurements. The resulting data presented that 38.6%~42.3% of the sprayed droplets were delivered to the tree canopies while 13.6%~20.1% were drifted out of the orchard, part of them reached farther than 200 m from the orchard. The study demonstrates that CFD model can be used to evaluate spray application performance and spray drift potential.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: Recently, the widespread distribution of pesticides in the hive has been of concern about pesticide exposure on honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) health. Larval toxicity was adapted to assess the synergistic and antagonistic interaction of cumulative mortality to the honeybee larvae of the four most common pesticides detected in pollen. METHODS AND RESULTS: Acetamiprid($3.0{\mu}l/L$), chlorothalonil ($803.0{\mu}l/L$), coumaphos ($128.0{\mu}l/L$), and tau-fluvalinate ($123.0{\mu}l/L$) were tested in combination; binary, ternary and four component mixture. Larvae were exposed to four pesticides mixed in diet at the average levels detected in pollen. As a result, synthetic toxicity was observed in the binary mixture of acetamiprid with coumaphos. The binary and ternary component mixtures of tested pesticides have mostly demonstrated additive effect in larval bees. The significant antagonistic effects were found in four parings of mixtures including chlorothalonil added to acetamiprid/tau-fluvalinate or acetamiprid/coumaphos/tau-fluvalinate, and tau-fluvalinate added to acetamiprid/chlorothalonil or acetamiprid/coumaphos/chlorothalonil. CONCLUSION: Interactions between combinations of four pesticides showed mostly additive or antagonistic effects in larval bees. Therefore, predicting the larval mortality of pesticides mixtures on the basis of the results of single pesticide may actually overestimate the risk. We suggest that pesticide mixture in pollen be evaluated by adding their toxicity together for complete data on interactions.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.72-82
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the effect of co-existence of BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil on the short-term bioconcentration factor in Carassius auratus(goldfish). The fishes were exposed to the combined treatment of BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil (0.05 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.005 ppm, 0.05 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.010 ppm, 0.05 ppm+0.10 ppm+0.005 ppm, 0.10 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.005 ppm, 0.10 ppm+0.10 ppm+0.005 ppm) for 3 and 5 days, respectively. BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil in fish and in test water were extracted with n-hexane and acetonitrile. GC-ECD was used to detect and quantitate BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil. 3-day and 5-day bioconcentration factors(BCF$_3$ and BCF$_5$) of each pesticide were calculated from the quantitation results. The depuration rate of each pesticide-from the whole body of fish was determined over the 72-h period after combined treatment.The results were as follows: BCF$_3$ values of BPMC were 4.163, 4.011, 4.122, 4.750 and 4.842 when the concentration of BPMC+ carbaryl+chlorothalonil in combined treatment were 0.05 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.005 ppm, 0.05 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.010 ppm, 0.05 ppm+0.10 ppm+0.005 ppm, 0.10 ppm+0.05 ppm+0.005 ppm and 0.10 ppm+ 0.10 ppm+0.005 ppm. BCF$_5$ values of BPMC were 3.465, 3.270, 3.472, 3.162, 4.227 and 4.157, respectively, under the above conditions. While BCF$_3$ values of carbaryl were 4.583, 4.642, 4.571, 3. 637 and 3.529, respectively, and BCF$_5$ values of carbaryl were 3.932, 3.797, 3.843, 4.293 and 4.132, respectively, under the conditions. While BCF$_3$ values of chlorothalonil were 2.024, 3.532, 2.213, 2.157 and 2.271, respectively, and BCF$_5$ of chlorothalonil were 6.712, 7.013, 6.457, 6.694 and 6.597, respectively, under the conditions. Depuration rate constants of BPMC were 0.019, 0.018, 0.020, 0.022 and 0.021 when the concentration of BPMC+carbaryl+chlorothalonil in combined treatment were the same as above. And depuration rate constants of carbaryl were 0.030, 0.029, 0.030, 0.029 and 0.031, respectively, under the same condition of pesticide mixtures. While depuration rate constants of chlorothalonil were 0.004, 0.004, 0.003, 0.004 and 0.003, respectively, under the same condition. It was observed that no significant differences of BCFs and concentrations of the compounds in fish extracts, test water between combined treatment and single treatment. It was considered that no appreciable interaction at experimental concentrations was due to low concentrations, near environmental level, 0.005-0.1 ppm. Coexistence of BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil had no effect on depuration rate of each pesticide and depuration rate of chlorothalonil was investigated 1/8 and 1/6 slower than those of carbaryl and BPMC in combined treatment. It is similar result in comparison with single treatment. Therefore, it is considered that the persistence of chlorothalonil in fish body would be higher than those of carbaryl and BPMC.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2002

온실조건에서 N-alylphthalimide계열의 신규 화합물 KSC-35089의 경엽 처리 활성을 조사하고, quizalofop-P-ethyl과의 혼합 경엽처리에 의한 상호작용성을 알아보았다. KSC-35089는 경엽처리에서 광엽초종에 대한 제초활성이 화본과 보다는 상대적으로 강한 특성이 있어 화본과 특이적 제초활성을 지닌 quizalofop-P-ethyl과의 혼합처리에 의한 비선택적 제초제로서의 이용 가능성을 시사하였다. 경엽처리 실험에서 두 화합물의 상호작용은 서로 독립적으로 제초효과를 발현하는 상가적관계로 나타났으며, 이러한 상가적 작용은 19종의 화본과와 26종의 광엽초종을 이용한 다초종간 반응에서 확인되었다. 온실조건에서 KSC-35089 64g ai/ha와 quizalofop-P-ethyl 32g ai/ha의 혼합 경엽처리는 공시된 광엽과 화본과 초종 모두를 90%정도 방제하여 비선택적 제초제로서의 사용가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 향후 이들 두 화합물의 상가적 상호작용에 대한 원인구명을 위한 추가 실험이 요구된다.