• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 2014

충북지역의 이앙재배 논의 잡초 분포 현황을 조사하기 위하여 2013년 충북지역 12개 시 군의 346지점에 대한 잡초 발행 분포를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 충북지역 논에 발생하는 잡초는 모두 15개과 43초종이었고 과별 우점도는 방동사니과 21.5%로 가장 높았고 그뒤로, 화본과 17.4%, 물옥잠과 15.5%, 국화과 12.7%순이었다. 충북지역에서는 1년생 잡초는 32초종, 다년생 초종이 11종 분포하였고, 발생비율은 일년생이 71.3%, 다년생이 28.1%로 일년생잡초 발생 비율이 높았다. 충북지역 우점잡초는 물달개비(14.5%), 올챙이고랭이(10.5%), 강피(9.3%), 올방개(7.0%), 자귀(6.2%), 순이었다. 그 외의 지역은 모두 물달개비가 가장 우점하는 초종으로 조사되었다. TWINSPAN 분석을 통한 시 군의 잡초 유사성 분석 결과 개여뀌, 사마귀풀, 고마리, 바람하늘지기, 올챙이솔, 바랭이, 가래, 나도방동사니가 시 군을 구별하는 지표종으로 영향을 미쳐 이 초종의 출현 유무에 따라 지역별 논 잡초 유사성을 비교할 수 있었다. 이러한 정보를 이용하여 충북지역 잡초발생을 예측하고, 이에 맞는 잡초 관리방안을 수립할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국습지학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 습지가 크게 부족한 우리나라의 현실에서 습지 복원에 요구되는 기초 생태 정보를 얻기 위해 수행되었다. 이러한 목적을 이루기 위해 본 연구에서는 비교적 온전한 둠벙을 유지하고 있는 충북 괴산 일원의 둠벙을 대상으로 습지 복원을 위한 기초생태정보를 수집하였다. 둠벙에 성립한 식생 중 인위적 간섭으로 성립한 식생을 제외하고 자연적으로 성립한 식생을 대상으로 식생의 수평적 분포를 종합하면, 수역에는 개구리밥군락, 마름군락, 가래군락, 보풀군락, 긴흑삼릉군락 및 송이고랭이군락, 수변에는 고마리군락, 골풀군락, 여뀌바늘군락, 환삼덩굴군락, 큰개여뀌군락, 물억새군락, 달뿌리풀-갈대군락 및 도루박이군락, 지하수위가 중간 정도인 관목식생대에는 찔레꽃군락, 조팝나무군락 및 갯버들군락, 지하수위가 높은 곳에 성립한 교목 및 아교목식생대에는 신나무군락과 버드나무군락이 성립하는 경향이었다. 수집한 식생정보에 기초하여 서열화한 결과, 수생식물 우점 식분, 습생대식물 우점 식분 및 수변식물 우점 식분으로 대별되는 경향이었다. 이러한 식분을 이루는 주요 식물군락의 생태적 위치와 종 조성을 생태연못을 조성하기 위한 대조생태정보로 제시하였다. 나아가 습지가 발휘하는 기능을 통해 그것의 중요성과 복원의 필요성을 논의하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.151-159
• /
• 2007

We studied the optimal ranges of water and soil characteristics for wetland plants, particularly Scirpus tabernaemontani (softstem bulrush) and Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail), which are dominant species with potential for restoration of Korean wetlands. We observed vegetation in S. tabernaemontani and T. latifolia communities from the mid to late June, 2005, and measured characteristics of water environments such as water depth (WD), temperature (WT), conductivity (WC), and concentration of several ions $(NO_3{^-}-N,\;Ca^{2+},\;Na^+,\;Mg^{2+},\;and\;K^+)$, and characteristics of soil environments such as soil texture, organic matter (loss on ignition, LOI), conductivity, and pH. The S. tabernaemontani community was accompanied by Zizania latifolia (Manchurian wildrice), Persicaria thunbergii (Korean persicary), Actinostemma lobatum (lobed actinostemma), and Beckmannia syzigachne (American slough grass), while the T. latifolia community was accompanied by P. thunbergii, T. angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail), and Glycine soja (wild soybean). We defined the optimal range for distribution (ORD) as the range that each plant was crowded. The optimal range of water characteristics for the S. tabernaemontani community was a $WD\;10{\sim}50cm,\;WT\;24.0{\sim}32.0^{\circ}C,\;WC\;100{\sim}500{\mu}S/cm,\;{NO_3}{^-}-N\;0{\sim}60ppb,\;K^+\;0.00{\sim}1.50ppm,\;Ca^{2+}\;7.50{\sim}17.50ppm,\; Na^+\;2.50{\sim}12.50ppm,\;and\;Mg^{2+}\;3.00{\sim}7.00ppm$. In addition, the optimal range of soil characteristics for the S. tabernaemontani community was a soil texture of loam, silty loam, and loamy sand, $LOI\;8.0{\sim}16.0%,\;pH\;5.25{\sim}6.25$, and conductivity $10{\sim}70{\mu}S/cm$. The optimal range of water characteristics for the T. latifolia community was a $WD\;10{\sim}30cm,\;WT\;22.5{\sim}27.5^{\circ}C,\;WC\;100{\sim}400{\mu}S/cm,\;{NO_3}{^-}-N\;0{\sim}60ppb,\;K^+\;0.00{\sim}1.50ppm,\;Ca^{2+}\;0.00{\sim}17.50ppm,\;Na^+\;0.00{\sim}12.50ppm,\;and\;Mg^{2+}\;0.00{\sim}5.00ppm$, and the optimal range of soil characteristics for the T. fatifolia community was a soil texture of loam, sandy loam, and silty loam, LOI $3.0{\sim}9.0%,\;pH\;5.25{\sim}7.25$, and conductivity $0{\sim}70{\mu}S/cm$.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 2000

Environmental pollution has become more and more serious in urban areas since industrialization as most streams and rivers were developed heavily because of economic opportunism. Recently river restoration techniques, applied in advanced countries, have been introduced to Korea. But the application of river restoration techniques developed in advanced countries, has a lot of limitations in respect of economic loss during construction, suitability for the domestic situation and the problem of flood control. The method of minimizing the problems must take into consideration these issues, including economic considerations. So from these points of view this study intends to plan ecological river restoration and to create a nature friendly river in the case of the Chungrang river. The subject site is the upper part of Chungrang river, from the Nokchun bridge to Sang-kye bridge, where the ecosystem is well preserved in comparison with other parts of the river. The subject site is divided into 10 sections for plant state investigation. The result of plant-state investigation showed pioneer water plants such as Persicaria thunbergii, Oenanthe jaranica, Rumex crispus. appeared very often. On the basis of the existing plant state, this study has planned an appropriate plant state for the river and has planned for bank protection using a method of construction, which is suitable for natural river. In this study, first of all, it is intended to investigate the plant growth state of Chungrang river and try to plan a particular ecosystem for the river for the purpose of the revival of the natural river.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2010

A Sustainable Structured wetland Biotop (SSB) system was constructed on the floodplain of Kyungan stream in December, 2006. It purifies polluted water of Keumeo stream which flows into the stream. Water were sampled once a month at inlet and outlet from December, 2007 to December, 2008. $BOD_5$, SS, T-N and T-P were analyzed. Plant and fish species of the system were monitored twice during the period. Average influent and effluent BOD5 concentration was 6.2 and 2.2 mg/L, respectively and BOD5 removal was 50.8%. SS concentration of influent and effluent was averaged 10.1mg/L and 1.5mg/L, respectively and SS abatement amounted to 77.0%. Average influent and effluent T-N concentration was 4.9mg/L and 2.9 mg/L, respectively and T-N retention was 50.8%. T-P concentration of influent and effluent was averaged 0.386mg/L and 0.107mg/L, respectively and T-P removal amounted to 77.0%. Twenty two plant species were naturally introduced into the system, however, they didn't make up a significant portion of the plant populations compared with the planted species. Dominant plant species were in the following order; Phragmites communis > Typha latifolia > Iris pseudoacorus > Persicaria thunbergii. Five families and 15 species of fish were observed in the system including Chinese minnow (Moroco oxycephalus) which inhabits in clean water. Six more fish species were monitored in the system compared with ones living in Kyungan stream. Amphibia and reptiles accounted for 11 species of 4 orders and 7 families including Korean Salamander (Hynobius leechi) which also lives in cleanwater.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제12권12호
• /
• pp.1207-1213
• /
• 2003

오산천은 경기도 남부지역에 위치하는 대표적인 도시 하천이다. 경기도 수원시를 비롯하여 화성군, 오산시 등의 도시 및 농촌, 공단이 인접하고 있어 하천에 대한 인위적, 자연적인 교란이 매우 빈번하게 나타나는 하천이다. 오산천 주변에 형성된 잡초 군락의 유형 및 실태를 파악하여 금후 자연형 하천으로의 복원 및 관리에 기초 자료로 활용하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다 따라서 하천 주변의 수변부, 고수부, 제방부 등에 형성된 잡초 군락에 대해 2003년 5월에서 2003년 9월까지 식물사회학적인 방법에 의해 조사를 수행하여 군락을 유형화하고 그 환경 조건을 분석하였다. 오산천 주변의 잡초 군락은 8군락 단위로 구분되었다: A. 환삼덩굴 군락, B. 갈대군락, C. 고마리 군락, D. 줄 군락, E. 물억새 군락, F. 돌피 군락, G. 부들 군락, H. 강아지풀 군락. 이상의 8군락을 구성하는 총 식물의 종류는 19과 36속 4변종 40종의 총 44분류군으로 조사되었다. 각 군락의 수반종으로 주요 출현 식물은 쑥, 개망초, 자귀풀, 달맞이꽃, 방동사니, 미국가막사리 등 주로 호광성이며 환경압에 강한 식물들로 나타났다. 모든 조사구를 Bray-Curtis 서열법에 의해 서열화한 결과는 대체로 식물사회학적 표 조작에서 얻어진 결과와 유사한 경향으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.365-370
• /
• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the vegetation types of Minarimot, in Jeju Islands. The vegetation types were classified by the Z-M school method and cluster analysis. The vegetation in Minarimot was classified into 6 communities and 2 subcommunities: Persicaria thunbergii-Isachne globosa community (vegetation type: A), Scirpus tribangulatus-Eleocharis manillata var. cyclocarpa community (B) (Aneilema keisak subcommunity (B-1) and Caldesia parnassifolia-Potamogeton distinctus subcommunity (B-2)), Eleocharis kuroguwai community (C), Phragmites communis community (D), Scirpus tabernaemontani community(E) and Typha orientalis community (F). These communities were grouped into three main categories according to cluster analysis. The community (A) established at the edge of the wetland which has the driest condition was distinguished as Group I, while the community (B) emerged in the submerged zone was distinguished as Group III. The Group II was designated as the communities (C, D, E, F) between Group I and III, whose communities were occasionally submerged. The result of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) appeared that the different vegetation established along the wetland were depending on water environment such as water depth and the period submerged.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.62-73
• /
• 2001

The riparian environments of urban streams in Korea have been disturbed through the channelization for flood control and artificial land use as well as water pollution and flow decrease due to industrialization and urbanization. The flora and vegetation structure were investigated and an implication of stream restoration was discussed for the conservation of biodiversity in the riparian area of the Seunggi stream in Incheon. Naturalized plants and ruderal plants were widely distributed in the riparian area which was disturbed from cultivating, trampling, dumping etc. Submerged and floating hydrophytes were not found in the stream due to channelization and water pollution. Some halophytes were remained in downstream and reservoir after reclamation and embankment. The communities of Humulus japonicus, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Digitaria sanguinalis, Artemisia montana, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Aster pilosus were distributed in the disturbed area of bank slope and floodplain in the stream. As a natural potential vegetation, Phragmites australis in the wet meadow, Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, Oenanthe javanica, Persicaria thunbergii, and Penthorum chinense in the marsh, and Salix babylonica and Salix matsudana for. tortuosa in the woodland appeared in the floodplain. The topography in the stream played an important role on the distribution of riparian vegetation in the Seunggi stream. Appropriate methods for conservation and restoration of the riparian ecosystems must be planned on the basis of the actual vegetation in the disturbed urban stream.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.75-90
• /
• 2008

The golf course has many problems that are a pollution of river, a extinction of habitat by destructing a forest and a simplication of species composition. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the ecological characteristics of vascular plants in construct-reserved site of golf course. The results were as follow. The vascular plants were summarized as 342 taxa; 86 families, 231 genera, 295 species, 42 varieties and 5 forma. In the results by the location environments of vegetation, Salix caprea community and wetland species like Persicaria thunbergii were appeared in the swamp. Especially, S. caprea will be made use of promoting a landscape. In the stream, Stephanandra incisa community has a functions like an ecological axis and a corridor of wild animals. The planting technique will be applied to using Atractylodes japonica and Ainsliaea acerifolia in the lower part of Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica. Because Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Convallaria keiskei grew by layer in Q. variabilis community, this will be made use of natural vegetation model. The rare plants were 2 taxa; Aristolochia contorta and Iris ensata var. spontanea. To preserve their community, we will prohibit a development and remove a threatening factor. The endemic plants were 4 taxa; Salix caprea, Clematis trichotma, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora and Weigela subsessilis. The naturalized plants were 19 taxa; Rumex crispus, Bildedykia dumetora and so on. To establish the quantitative management plan, we will obtain a ecological information about a naturalized plants in accumulating by season, community and land use pattern.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2001

30년 전 석호를 간척한 후 농경을 포기하여 자연 천이가 진행되고 있는 강원도 양양군 동해안의 군개 습지에서 물 및 토양환경과 관련하여 습지 식생을 조사하였다. 이 습지에서는 해수의 유입이 차단되어 거의 담수화되었으며, 수심과 토양 유기물 함량의 공간적 변이가 다른 환경요인에 비하여 상대적으로 컸다. 다변량 분석인 detrended canonical correspondence analysis를 실시한 결과 습지의, 식물군집 구조는 주로 수심 혹은 지형의 높이와 토양 유기물함량에 의하여 결정되었다. 군개 습지에서는 다양한 정수식물 식생이 발달하였다 갈대, 산조풀, 삿갓사초, 부처꽃과 같은 종은 전체 습지에 넓게 분포하였고, 애기부들과 큰고랭이와 같은 수생식물은 수심이 깊고 낮은 지형에, 미국가막사리, 며느리배꼽과 같은 황무지 식물은 토양 유기물함량이 많은 육상에 가까운 곳에, 통보리사초, 백령풀, 곰솔, 눈양지꽃과 같은 사구식생은 높은 지형에서 발달하였다. 교란된 군개 습지를 보존, 복원하기 위해서는 자연 석호의 식생 분석으로부터 복원 원형을 도출하고 자연 습지 수위로 복원하고 바다와 수문을 연결하는 것이 중요하다고 판단되었다.