• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2008

Land-use in northern Cheongju region is changing rapidly because of the increased interactions of human activities with the environment as population increases. Land-use change detection is considered essential for monitoring the growth of an urban complex. The analysis was undertaken mainly on the basis of the multi-temporal Landsat images (1991, 1992 and 2000) and DEM data in a post-classification analysis with GIS to map land-use distribution and to analyse factors influencing the land-use changes for Cheongju city. The area of each land-use category was also calculated for monitoring land-use changes. Land-use statistics revealed that substantial land-use changes have taken place and that the built-up areas have expanded by about $17.57km^2$ (11.47%) over the study period (1991 - 2000). This study illustrated an increasing trend of urban and barren lands areas with a decreasing trend of agricultural and forest areas. Land-use changes from one category to others have been clearly represented by the NDVI composite images, which were found suitable for delineating the development of urban areas and land use changes in northern Cheongju region. Rapid economic developments together with the increasing population were noted to be the major factors influencing rapid land use changes. Urban expansion has replaced urban and barren lands.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.25-33
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• 2002

Historical maps are precious materials, which show spatial distribution of land use, streets and so on at the time when the maps were produced. In analysis of historical maps, the most practical method is to compare them with the present ones, for instance by overlaying them. However, the low precision, in the geometrical sense, of the historical maps makes the task of comparison very difficult. This drawback brings us the idea to incorporate the historical maps into GIS after rubber-sheet transformation, i.e. geometric correction, of them. It makes comparing and overlaying multiple maps from different time periods. Furthermore, it gives map-scales to the historical maps, which are not in general represented on the old maps, and if we allow ourselves to ignore the changes in terrain from past to present, it will make overlaying of present contour lines on the historical maps. As a result, we can bring the points of view of quantitative consideration and three-dimensional visualization into analyses of historical map. We have addressed incorporating historical maps produced in Edo period (1603-1867) in Japan into our GIS for Tokyo. This article shows the outline of our procedures and some applications, e.g., overlaying different maps from Edo period to present, quantitative analyses of land use in Edo, and visualization of landscape of Edo.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 1995

Dongrae is one of the most famous hot spring resort area in the Republic of Korea. The water temperature ranges $50^{\circ}C{\sim}66$. The chemical composition of the thermal water is quite different from normal groundwater. $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ are the main components, measured more than 75%, $Ca^{+{+}}$ is contained about 22% and the other ions such as $SO_4$ or $HCO_3$ are the minor components. The heat source is uprising along the fracture zone of granite which is indicated as a subsurface high temperature belt. During the research period of 1991~1992, the groundwater table was lowered down to the depth of about 100 m according to continuous increase of daily use of thermal water. The groundwater table was fluctuated with an amplitude of day, weak or seasion. The groundwater table was the lowest at 18:00 h in a day and also lowest at the weekend for the week period. There was a relavent relationship between drawdown and the amount of thermal water use on a long term base. To protect such a rapid drawdown of groundwater table, Dongrae resort area is now asked to take strong municipal control for the daily use of thermal water.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Objectives : The researcher had investigated the efficacy of ginseng using Microneedle Therapy System (MTS) and confirmed the effect of ginseng Cold Process (CP) soap just before and after washing face. The purpose of this study was to find out what kind of effect appeared through a period of 6 weeks when environmental factors were involved using ginseng CP soap. Methods : The researcher selected 47 subjects, 37 as the experimental group and 10 as the control group. The researcher asked participants to wash their face twice a day in the morning and evening using ginseng CP soap, and the period was set for 6 weeks. The researcher had the people who selected as the control group use a commercially available foam cleanser. They performed a skin test before the start of the test, and the change status was continuously investigated 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after using the soap. Results : In the case of T-zone oil, there was a significant decrease in the use of foam cleansing and ginseng CP soap, and in the case of pores and pigmentation, a significant decrease was observed only in the use of ginseng CP soap. In skin tone change, there was a significant effect in both the experimental group and the control group, but the significance was greatly increased in the case of ginseng CP soap compared to foam cleansing. Conclusions : Ginseng CP soap is considered to be a more suitable cleanser for skin care compared to foam cleansing.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 1999

This paper discusses an optimal burn-in procedure to minimize total costs based on the assumption that the failure rate pattern follows a bimodal mixed Weibull distribution. The procedure will consider warranty period as a factor of the total expected bum-in cost. A cost model is formulated to find the optimal burn-in time that minimizes the expected burn-in cost. Conditional reliability for warranty period will be discussed. An illustrative example is included to show how to use the cost model in practice.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a fuzzy PID controller of new method. There are two problems in absolute digital PID controller. First, much calculation time need for obtain the sum of data at each period. Second, this is problem need much memory because to storage every data at the before period. We use the speed type PID digital controller to improvement such problems. In the propose controller doesn't use without adjustment the crisp output error and we doesn't use nile tables in the fuzzy inference process at the forward stage fuzzifier. We inference output member ship function by using the relation and range of two variable of PID gain parameters. We can obtained desired results through the simulation and a experiment of the hydraulic servo motor control system.

• KCID journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2014

This study is to evaluate the future potential impact of climate change on soil erosion loss in a metropolitan area using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) with land use information of the Ministry of Environment and rainfall data for present and future years(30-year period). The spatial distribution map of vulnerable areas to soil erosion was prepared to provide the basis information for soil conservation and long-term land use planning. For the future climate change scenario, the MIROC3.2 HiRes A1B($CO_2720ppm$ level 2100) was downscaled for 2040-2069(2040s) and 2070-2099(2080s) using the stochastic weather generator(LARS-WG) with average rainfall data during past 30 years(1980-2010, baseline period). By applying the climate prediction to the RUSLE, the soil erosion loss was evaluated. From the results, the soil erosion loss showed a general tendency to increase with rainfall intensity. The soil loss increased up to 13.7%(55.7 ton/ha/yr) in the 2040s and 29.8%(63.6 ton/ha/yr) in the 2080s based on the baseline data(49.0 ton/ha/yr).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2024

We investigated the change in land-use alteration in a 45 km × 45 km area around the Upo wetlands in 1920s(before the Japanese occupation period), 1950s(immediately Korean independence) and the period 1970s to 2000s. These data can guide in understanding surface environmental changes in the lower Nakdong River from the early 20^th century to the present. The influence of the long-term decreasing trend of the wetland area at the Upo Swamp was evaluated using a high-resolution local circulation model. The cooling effect of the wetlands on surface air during the daytime in summer(e.g, early August) was approximately 2℃ greater in the 1920s than in the 2000s, which is attributed to wider water areas in the 1920s. Additionally, long-term changes in land use have caused changes in the convergence zone of local circulation wind.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.42.1-42
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• 2002

A model to predict population by sex, age and district over a long-range period is proposed based on fuzzy theories. First, a fuzzy model is described. Second, a method to estimate the social increase by sex and age in each district is proposed based on a fuzzy clustering method for dealing with long-range socioeconomic changes in population migration. By the proposed methods, it became possible to predict the population by sex, age and district over a long-range period. Third, the structure and characteristics of the three models of employment model, time distance model, and land use model constructed to predict various socioeconomic indicators, which are require...

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.719-728
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• 1999

This paper discusses an optimal burn-in procedure to minimize total costs based on the assumption that the failure rate pattern follows a bimodal mixed Weibull distribution. The procedure will consider warranty period as a factor of the total expected burn-in cost. A cost model is formulated to find the optimal burn-in time that minimizes the expected burn-in cost. Conditional reliability for warranty period will be discussed. An illustrative example is included to show how to use the cost model in prctice.