• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.427-452
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• 2003

Demand analyses often assume perfect substitution and some level of aggregation before analysis and data collection. Earlier works on this subject are carried out in the context of ordinary demand systems. However, perfect substitution is a degenerate special case in the systems and it is much more easily handled in a system of marginal value functions and no previous analysis has used the marginal value functions to test for perfect substitution and make possible aggregation with prior restrictions. In this article, we present the empirical results on a system of marginal value functions in fisheries and pose testable results of perfect substitution and aggregation. The contribution of this article is new establishment of a set of restrictions implying perfect substitutability among all commodities and the application to the problem of commodity aggregate. A system of marginal value functions is estimated in fisheries and its implication of perfect substitution is reasonably drawn.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.765-776
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• 2013

This study was conducted to find out availability of a urban forest (Eudeungsan) as a substitute place of Mudeungsan Provincial Park (MPP) in overuse problem and to identify related factors to place substitutability. During June-August of 2012, 232 samples who have ever visited both of the two places (i.e., MPP and Euduengsan) in Gwang-ju city were selected by using convenient sampling and snowball sampling methods. Self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted, and the valid responses from 225 samples (97.0%) were used for data analysis. 24.2% of respondents had "considerably" or "very much" intention to use the substitute place, and 65.5% of respondents showed "a little" or "somewhat" 10.3% of respondents didn't have any intention to visit Eudeungsan as a substitute place of MPP. Generally, socio-demographic and visiting characteristics were not related with intention to visit Eudeungsan as a substitute place of MPP. It was only found that respondents who largely visit 'alone' to Eudeungsan tended to have higher intention to visit the substitute place than those who visit 'in group.' Three factors of reasons to visit Eudeungsan (i.e.,Challenge/self-development: ${\beta}=0.35$; Accessibility/familiarity: ${\beta}=0.27$; Adventure: ${\beta}=-0.19$) influenced intention to visit the substitute place. Relationship between reasons to visit and intention to visit the substitute place was found. No direct relationship was found between perceived similarity of the places and intention to visit substitute place, and similarity of recreation experiences showed perfect mediating effects between the two variables.