• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.395-403
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of children's self-esteem on their school adjustment, focusing on the mediation of peer attachment. A total of 2,200 3rd grade children from the third Korea Child-Adolescent Panel Survey participated in this study. The instruments used in this study were the Self-esteem Scale, Peer Attachment Scale, and School Adjustment Scale. The collected data were analyzed by using a Student's t -test, Pearson's partial correlation, simple regression, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS ver. 16.0 software. The main results of this study are as follows: first, the boys had higher self-esteem, peer attachment, and school adjustment scores than the girls. Second, there was a significant positive correlation between children's self-esteem and peer attachment as well as a significant positive correlation between children's self-esteem and school adjustment. Further, there was a significant positive correlation between children's peer attachment and school adjustment. Finally, children's self-esteem exerted positive effects on their peer attachment, and children's peer attachment had a positive influence on their school adjustment. The effect of children's self-esteem on their school adjustment was partially mediated by their peer attachment. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the relationships between children's self-esteem and school adjustment may be mediated by their peer attachment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2006

The early childhood is a pivotal period for the development of creativity since creative imaginary is rich at the age from 4 to 4.5 years old, The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between children's creativity, playfulness and multiple intelligence. 91 children(41 boy, 50 girls) attending preschool in jeon-ju city were participated in this research, The age of children was 6 years(average 73.7 months), After collecting the data to find the connections between children's creativity, playfulness and multiple intelligence from the subjects' data using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program, along with t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation in this paper. 1. There was significant correlation between children's playfulness and creativity. Intelligence spontaneousness the element of the playfulness has a correlation with Creativity strengths, Elaboration. In addition, Resistance to Premature Closure has a correlation with social spontaneity, And Originality has a correlation with the Expression of Pleasure the element of the playfulness, 2. There was a significant positive correlation between children's multiple intelligence(MI) and creativity, Fluency the element of creativity has a correlation with Interpersonal intelligence the element of multiple intelligence: And Originality has a correlation with Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, Intrapersonal intelligence the element of MI. In addition, Abstraction of Titles has a correlation with Intrapersonal intelligence. 3. There was a little correlation between children's MI and playfulness. The Expression of Pleasure has a correlation with bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, Based on the current study, the relationships between creativity, playfulness, and multiple intelligence could be identified. Especially, creativity was significantly correlated with playfulness and multiple intelligence of early childhood. Therefore, it was found that creativity of toddler might be essential factor for the development of toddler's cognitivity.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.167-184
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• 2017

Objective: The gold of this study is to identify the correlation between mothers' rejective parenting attitude and children's humanity and adaptation to educational institutions, as well as to find out whether children's humanity could act as a mediating effect against mothers' rejective parenting attitude in the process of children's adapting to the institutions. Methods: The study was conducted on 259 children aged 4 to 5 and their mothers. The collected data were used to conduct Pearson correlation coefficient, Three-step mediated regression analysis, and the Sobel test using the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: First, children's institutional adaptability had a significant negative correlation only with 'mother's hostility'. Children's humanity had a significant positive correlation with their institutional adaptability. Second, mothers' hostile attitude had a direct or indirect impact on children's institutional adaptability. Conclusion/Implications: The results above suggest that children's good humanity and parents' friendly attitude are important in children's institutional adaptability.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.214-219
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between inter-condylar width and inter-maxillary first molar width to present the criteria for prosthetic reconstruction of dental arch width in maxillary and mandibular fully edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: 120 Koreans (60 males and 60 females) who underwent the cone beam computerized tomography (Cone-beam CT) were selected. The Cone-beam CT images were analysed using Invivo 5.1. After reorientation of axis, inter-maxillary first molar width was measured by clicking both mesio-buccal cusp tip of maxillary first molar. And inter-condylar width was measured by clicking both middle points of condyles. The collected data were analysed with SPSS Version 20.0 and statistical significance of the correlation between inter-condylar width and inter-maxillary first molar width was verified by Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: The mean inter-condylar width of Korean was 105.9 mm, and that of male (108.3 mm) was statistically significantly wider than the female (103.4 mm). The inter-maxillary first molar width of Korean was 57.1 mm, and that of male (57.9 mm) was statistically significantly wider than the female (56.2 mm). Pearson's correlation analysis between inter-condylar width and inter-maxillary first molar width showed a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.614 and statistically significantly positive correlation. Conclusion: Intercondylar width and inter-maxillary first molar width showed positive correlation and the average ratio of inter-condylar with and inter-maxillary first molar width was 1:0.54. Based on the results of this limited study, inter-condylar width can be used as a guide for setting up dental arch width in fully edentulous patient.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.384-388
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• 2021

Currently, whether in a domestic or international sphere, many small businesses are suffering due to COVID-19. The grim reality is that several businesses are shutting down. While the national disaster relief grant was used to contain the damages by encouraging consumer spending, it has become difficult to prevent closures of small businesses. As of September 2020, more than 20,000 stores have closed in Seoul due to the COVID-19 pandemic. There has also been an increase in the number of people with depression caused by the COVID-19 blues. This issue is not only confined to Seoul in the Republic of Korea, but is influencing all other areas affected by the pandemic. As the number of COVID-19 patients increase, the number of open stores is decreasing steadily. The analysis of the correlation coefficient of Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall suggests a negative correlation between the number of COVID-19 patients and the number of stores in business.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.147-152
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• 2017

This study was attempted to grasp the convergence relationship between nurse 's communication ability, emotional labor and organizational commitment. For this purpose, 106 nurses working at university hospitals were collected from August 1, 2016 to August 15, 2016. Communication skills were measured by Kim & Woo 's communication ability measurement tool, emotional labor was measured by Morris & Feldman' s tool, and organizational commitment was developed by Mowday et al. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. The results showed that the communication ability differed according to age (F = 5.78, p = 0.004), marital status (t = -4.06, p <0.001) and position (t = -5.35, p <0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between communication ability and organizational commitment (r = 0.293, p = 0.002). This result suggests a convergence implication on the provision of basic data to improve organizational commitment of nurses in nursing practice field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.369-376
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationships among childcare teachers' emotional intelligence, daycare center directors' emotional leadership, and teacher-infant interactions. Also, this study examines whether a daycare center director's emotional leadership would mediate the correlation between a childcare teacher's emotional intelligence and teacher-infant interactions. A questionnaire was given to 293 childcare teachers. Using SPSS version 21.0, the data were analyzed for Pearson's correlation, hierarchical regression analysis, the Sobel-test, and the meditation effect proposed by Baron and Kenny. The findings are as follows. First, there was a positive correlation between a childcare teacher's emotional intelligence, the director's emotional leadership, and teacher-infant interactions. Second, the influence on teacher-infant interactions from directors' emotional leadership was relatively greater than childcare teachers' emotional intelligence. Finally, the emotional leadership of daycare center directors partially mediated the relationship between childcare teachers' emotional intelligence and teacher-infant interactions. This study provides significant empirical data for improving childcare.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to identify parental stress of working mothers with young children and to fine its rented variables. subjects were consisted of 108 working mothers who had children from 3 to 6 ages. The measurement instruments are the questionnaire which consisting the following parts; Parenting Daily Hassles, Employment Subjective Expected Utility, Beck Depression Inventory, Emotionality, Activity, Sociablity Temperament Scale. The data were analyzed by the statistical method based on frequency, percentile, t-test, F-test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. The main results were as follows: 1. Parental stress of working mother had a significant correlation with working mothers' negative attitudes for their occupations. 2. The higher working mothers' depression resulted in the higher working parental stress. 3. There was a significant positive correlation between children's difficult temperament and parental stress of working mothers. 4. The influential variables on parental stress of working mothers were mothers' attitude to her occupations and children's temperament.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.99-118
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• 2004

This study examined different individual and environmental factors that affect children's game addiction tendency. As individual variables, game user' motivation, self-control, and self-esteem were included in the analysis. As family variables, communications with mothers, parental control of children's computer use and parental internet use were examined, as school variables, school adjustment and teacher's supervision of children's computer use, and as peer variables, peer group's attitude toward computer games were used. The sample consisted of 994 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, two way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boys were addicted more than girls. No difference was found in the addiction tendency between the 5th graders and the 6th graders. Second, game users' motivation, that is, their interest-amusement motive, avoidance motive and aggressive motive, had a positive correlation with their game addiction tendency. However, self-control and self-esteem had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Third, problematic communications with mothers and parental control of children's computer use had a positive correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Open communications with mothers had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Fourth, school adjusaent had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. And peer group's attitude towards computer games had a positive correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Fifth, low self-control, peer group's attitude towards computer games, children's interest-amusement motive, avoidance motive, aggressive motive, school lesson adjustment, parental control of children's computer use and school nile adjustment were important predicting variables of boy's game addiction tendency. Avoidance motive, low self-control, interest-amusement motive, peer group's attitude towards computer games, and parental control of children's computer use were important predicting variables of girl's game addiction tendency.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.509-515
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between passive ankle movement range and knee joint kinetic variables during squat movement. In this study, a total of 27 subjects participated in this study, 19 men and 8 women, who had no history of the musculoskeletal system of the lower extremity. To verify the correlation between the ankle joint flexibility and the knee joint kinetic variables during deep squat, it was performed pearson's correlation coefficient and variables showing statistically significant correlation were performed by simple regression analysis at a significant level of α .05. Through this study, the relationship between the peak joint moment and joint reaction force factors that determine ankle joint flexibility and knee joint pressure was confirmed. Therefore, when applying an exercise that can generate a lot of load on the knee joint such as deep squats during strength training, checking the degree of flexibility of the ankle joint among physical characteristics to the individual may reduce the stability of the body and the risk of injury to the knee joint. It is expected to be helpful in setting the intensity of exercise that can be done.