• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 1996

The aim of this study was to assess the precision of the estimates of the time of estrous cycle, optimal breeding and ovulation derived by vaginal cytology. The thirteen Korea Jin-do dogs were examined the vaginal cytology, plasma estradiol-17$$\beta $ and progesterone assay during the estrous cycle. Day 0 was the day of the first male acceptance. The main change of vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle was the high proportion of anuclear cell and erythrocyte in proestrus, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in estrus, parabasal cell, large intermediate cell and leukocytes in diestrus, and parabasal cell and small intermediate cell in anestrus, respectively. These data indicated that vaginal cytology was reliable method for estimating estrous cycle in Korea Jin-do dogs. In the cell indices during estrus the maximum eosinoghilic index was $92.0{\pm}$2.6 (Mean{\pm} SEM$)% at Day 2 and the maximum cornification indez was $96.0{\pm}1.3%$ at Day 2, respectively. The eosinothilic indez and cornification indez of up to 70% were found at Day -1 to Day 5 and Day -6 to Day 8, and up to 80% at Day 1 to Day 4 and Day -4 to Day 6, respectively. From these data it was presumed that eosinophilic index was more reliable index for monitoring optimal breeding time than cornification indexm because eosinophilic index peak period was shorter than cornification indeX peak period and Day 2 was the day of ovulation. Therefore, optimal breeding time was the eosinophilic index peak period, more than 80% of eosinoghilic index. The $estradiol-17{\beta}$ peak, with 3 days delayed when progesterone concentration was $4.5{\pm}0.5 ng/ml$. These data estimated that the ovulation time was the day of eosinophilic index peak, Day 2. breeding time and pvulation time in Korea Jin-do dogs.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2009

고준위폐기물 처분장의 기본적인 기능은 단기간에 과도한 방사성핵종이 유출되는 것을 방지하는데 있다. 이를 위해서는, 처분시스템의 구성요소들과 관련된 많은 기술 기준이 개발되고 수립되어야 한다. 처분장 안전성평가는 합리적으로 단순화된 모델에 바탕을 두고 처분장의 미래 전개에 대한 정량적인 결과를 산출하므로 안전성평가는 기술기준의 하나로 간주되고 있다. 본문에서는 평가기간, 선량 제한치 및 평가의 불확실성 등을 중심으로 안전성평가와 관련된 주요국의 기술기준을 조사하였다. 특히, 미국의 기준을 조사하는 과정에서 안전성평가에서 도출된 peak dose가 선량 제한치를 충족하지 못하는 경우, 평가기간 및 peak dose에 대한 미국 규제당국의 접근방안은 참고할만한 가치가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제22권B호
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• pp.231-240
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• 2002

The rational method of estimating peak flow is used largely for the simplicity. But the accuracy of rational method is not easy to estimate, because the rational method is analyzed by the deterministic point or view and the runoff coefficients of the rational method are proposed from other countries. In this study the rational method is analyzed by the probabilistic way to be a more reliable method. The runoff coefficient is regarded to parameter that changes the probabilistic rainfall to the peak flow. The runoff coeffient for each return period is analyzed to be a reliable index which is used to estimate the peak flow of ungauged natural catchments.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.93-99
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• 1999

The service level of Metro stations is affected by the design criteria such as platform area, width and length of stairways, and the number of turnstile, etc. The Korean station design process utilizes peak-hour volume as design volume. Hourly volume, however, can not explicitly account for the variation of traffic and consequently the variation of the level of service within the one-hour time period. Movements in various areas inside of stations are simulated with a queueing network under various operating conditions. A discrete simulation tool called SIMUL8 was utilized. Based on the results, peak volume for 15 minutes period was recommended as a preferred base volume over the peak-hour volume for station design purpose to realistically account for user delays under. Simulation runs also confirmed that escalators have positive effects on passenger processing capacity and on securing stability of passenger flows in stations.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1996

This research is to show the application of runoff model and runoff analysis of urban storm drainage network. the runoff models that were used for this research were RRL, ILLUDAS, and SWMM applicative object basin were Geucknak-chun and Sangmu drainage basin located in Seo-Gu, Kwangju. The runoff analysis employed the design storm that distributed the rainfall intensity according to the return period after the huff's method. The result from the comparative analysis of the three runoff models was as follows The difference of peak runoff by return period was 20-30% at Sangmu drainage area of $3.17 Km^2$, while less than 10% at Geucknak-chun drainage area of $12.7 Km^2$. The peak runoff were similar to all models. At the runoff hydrograph the times between rising and descending points were in the sequence of RRL, ILLUDAS and SWMM, but the peak times were similar to all models. The conveyance coefficient to examine the conveyance of the existing drainage network was 0.94-1.37, which means insecure, in Geucknak-chun drainage basin and 0.69-1.16, which means secure, in sangmu drainage basin.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.147-170
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• 2022

이 논문은 70개 수도권 시군구 아파트 매매가격의 주간 수익률을 대상으로 그 변동 순환과 현 정부의 집권 시기 등을 고려하여 전체기간(2008년 4월~2021년 8월), 가격 급등기 이전(2008월 4월~2018년 10월), 그리고 가격 급등기(2018년 11월~2021년 8월)로 나누어 확산효과를 분석한다. 이러한 분석으로부터 얻어진 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 확산효과에 대한 분석은 시기에 따라 기존의 연구 결과와 유사하기도 하지만 다르기도 하다. 전체기간과 가격 급등기 이전 시기에 대한 확산효과 분석은 수도권 아파트시장에서 '강남' 효과가 실재한다는 것을 보여준다. 반면에 가격 급등기에 대한 확산효과 분석은 이전과는 상이한 결과를 나타낸다. 순환 표본의 분석을 통해 계산된 확산효과 지수는 수도권 아파트 매매가격 순환의 하강기에는 확산효과 지수가 낮아지고, 반면에 상승기에는 그 반대의 추세를 보여준다. 확산효과 지수의 정점과 정책 개입 간의 타이밍을 보면 대체로 2017년에는 확산효과 지수의 정점 이후, 2018년과 2019년에는 정점 이전, 2020년 이후 정점 무렵이나 정점 이후에서 정부의 정책 개입이 이루어진 것으로 나타난다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

The BESS(Battery Energy Storage System) is an useful device for load leveling, but the high cost, installation space and safety issues are the main barriers for supplying it widely. The important factor in supplying BESS to customers successfully is the payback period. As most of the H/W cost factors are uncontrollable, the optimization of storage volume can be useful factor in improving payback period. In order to obtain optimized BESS volume, the load factor, demand ratio, peak shaving ratio, electric rates and benefits from DR participation of customer should be analyzed. In this paper, we could verify the peak cutting capability and cost effectiveness under the some proposed conditions and changing value of PCS and battery based on the customers data after volume optimization process was applied, and we can identified the saturation point of load factor and shortening of customer's payback period.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2017

The tension of warp from trawler and sea-floor contact can generate tilt and wake turbulence around otter boards. Preliminary measurements of otter board tilt and 3-D flow velocity during bottom trawl operations were taken using a vector instrument to investigate the effects of wake turbulence at the trailing edge of the otter board. Tilt data (i.e., yaw, pitch, and roll) at 1 Hz and flow data (velocities in the towing, lateral, and vertical directions) at 16 Hz were analyzed to determine their periods and amplitudes using global wavelet and peak event analyses. The mean period (${\pm}standard$ deviation) of the tilt from the peak event analysis ($5{\pm}2s$) was longer or double than that of flow velocity ($3{\pm}2s$). The two periods also had a significant linear relationship. The turbulence rate of flow was 30-50% at the trailing edge and was closely related to roll deviation. The frequency of phase difference ratios (i.e., peak time differences between tilts and flow periods) was significantly different from random occurrence in two trials, possibly due to side tidal effects. However, in the other trials, flow peaks were random, as shown by the even peak times between tilts and flows. Future studies should focus on reducing tilt variation, wake turbulence, and bottom contact to stabilize otter board motion.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2019

The effect of injector driving current pattern on fuel injection rate of solenoid diesel common rail injector was studied by computer simulation. The time resolved fuel injection rate and injected quantity per stroke of a common rail injector driven with the five current patterns were computer simulated. The fuel injection rate and injected quantity per stroke according to the rail pressure and fuel injection period were also computer simulated. When the common rail injector was driven with the five driving current patterns of peak & hold, there was no difference in the fuel injection rate in the peak section regardless of all the current patterns of the five cases. On the other hand, the magnitude of the hold current value influenced the injection rate and injected quantity per stroke. That is, in the current pattern of three cases where the hold current value is equal to or more than a constant value of the peak current value, the fuel injection rates for the given common rail rail pressure and injection period are same one another. On the other hand, the current pattern of the two cases, in which the hold current value is smaller than a certain value, there is a large fluctuation in the fuel injection rate.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1999년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.431-434
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• 1999

This paper presents design of controllers for battery energy storage system. The proposed battery energy storage system can be controlled to operate in the power conditioning mode or the inverter mode. The operation of this mode further divided into three cases: (a) in the peak load period, the load power supplied from the utility is minimized as far as possible; (b) in the off-peak load period, the utility supplies power to the load and charges the battery bank with automatic charging control; (c) in the medium load period, to save battery energy the real power flow out of the battery energy storage system is minimized. Besides, in all cases, the proposed battery energy storage system also automatically compensates the harmonics, subharmonics and reactive power factor in the utility side are much improved. Simulation results are presented by the effectiveness of the proposed controllers for battery energy storge system.