• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.212-222
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify correlations in hospital nurses' work environment, emotional labor and happiness index to provide basic resources for nurses' happiness at work. Methods: Resources were gathered from 291 nurses who agreed to participate. Random sampling of nurses in nine hospitals in G-do was done between July 15 and August 14, 2014. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$ tests, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple hierarchical regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Mean scores (scale of 5) were nurses' work environment, 2.81, emotional labor, 3.24, and happiness index, 2.94. There were significant differences on the happiness index for: age, marriage, children, clinical experience, position, payment, and future work plans and a negative correlation between work environment and emotional labor, emotional labor and happiness index but a positive correlation between happiness index and work environment. Happiness index was influenced by work environment, emotional labor, future work plans. Explanatory power of these variables was 26%. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, so it is necessary to improve the work environment and reduce the frequency of emotional labor in order to increase the happiness index of hospital nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the nurse's turnover intention working in the social welfare facilities. Methods: The subjects of this study were 319 nurses who were working in the 238 social welfare facilities. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: It was found that the key predictor of turnover intention was organizational commitment Organizational commitment explained 41.2% of the total variance of turnover intention. In case of sub categories of job satisfaction, organizational commitment had 37.2% prediction and then payment and supervision added 6.2% prediction. Conclusion: These results suggest that the key predict factor of nurse's turnover intention working in social welfare facilities is organizational commitment. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to develop effective strategies to decrease nurse's turnover intention.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.211-226
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• 2017

The chain-ladder method, for which run-off data is employed is popularly used in the rate-adjustment and loss-reserving practices of non-life-insurance and health-insurance companies. The method is applicable when the underlying assumption of a consistent development pattern is in regards to a cumulative loss payment after the occurrence of an insurance event. In this study, a modified chain-ladder algorithm is proposed for when the assumption is considered to be only partially appropriate for the given run-off data. The concept of a structural-change point in the run-off data and its reflection in the estimation of unpaid loss amounts are discussed with numerical illustrations. Experience data from private health insurance coverage in Korea were analyzed based on the suggested method. The performance in estimation of loss reserve was also compared with traditional approaches. We present evidence in this paper that shows that a reflection of a structural-change point in the chain-ladder method can improve the risk management of the relevant insurance products. The suggested method is expected to be utilized easily in actuarial practice as the algorithm is straightforward.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to study the send and receive of the message in the both Bolero and TEDI System. Bolero System is the business processes and methods, together with the digital information system, which are provided by Bolero International for communicating Messages and Documents and facilitating business transactions, as well as the Bolero Rulebook and Operating Rules governing their use. On the other hand, The TEDI System replaces a series of trade documents with electronic date, and it realizes secure and reliable transactions of data among parties by means of open networks, such as the Internet. The TEDI system is composed of Web browsers, TC Servers, a RSP Server, and Certification Servers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2009

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships among activities of daily living, self-efficiency, nursing home care quality and nursing home adaptation, and to identify the influencing factors of nursing home adaptation in nursing home residents. Methods: The study employed a descriptive correlational design. The data were collected from 148 older adults without dementia by interview from six nursing homes in three cities from February 1, 2008 to February 28, 2008. Results: Levels of nursing home adaptation in older adult residents were different by type of decision maker of nursing home admission, reason of nursing home admission, type of payment and length of nursing home stay. The nursing home adaptation was significantly correlated with self-efficiency and nursing home care quality. The strongest predictor of nursing home adaptation was type of decision maker of nursing home admission followed by the self-efficiency. Conclusion: The study suggested that during the decision making period of nursing home admission, older adults should have enough time and careful considerations of their families to decide by themselves in positive ways. Nursing home staff should be able to identify reasons of nursing home admission and demands or expectations of older adults and their families.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.378-388
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to build a theoretical frame to provide practical help to prevent and manage adolescent internet game addiction by developing a prediction model through a comprehensive analysis of related factors. Methods: The participants were 1,318 students studying in elementary, middle, and high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Decision Tree Analysis using the Clementine program was applied to build an optimum and significant prediction model to predict internet game addiction related to various factors, especially parent related factors. Results: From the data analyses, the prediction model for factors related to internet game addiction presented with 5 pathways. Causative factors included gender, type of school, siblings, economic status, religion, time spent alone, gaming place, payment to Internet cafe$\acute{e}$, frequency, duration, parent's ability to use internet, occupation (mother), trust (father), expectations regarding adolescent's study (mother), supervising (both parents), rearing attitude (both parents). Conclusion: The results suggest preventive and managerial nursing programs for specific groups by path. Use of this predictive model can expand the role of school nurses, not only in counseling addicted adolescents but also, in developing and carrying out programs with parents and approaching adolescents individually through databases and computer programming.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

Objectives: Health screening in Korea is very active in both the public and private sector. However, primary prevention for health promotion has not been activated yet. Quaternary prevention is the prevention of unnecessary medical interventions or the prevention of overmedicalization. Methods: Data was collected after a search of the literature focusing on keyword. The curriculum guidelines for family medicine residents were collected from the homepage of the American Academy of Family Physicians. Results: This quaternary prevention is just beginning. The first step to enhance the health promotion services in the community is to identify the barriers pertaining to the delivering of health promotion activities. These barriers are related to the patient, the physician, attitudes, health promotion programs and the healthcare system. The second step is to establish new changes, such as expansion of insurance coverage, improvement of medical payment system, provision of consumer-oriented services, connection and integration of providers, and the service provider education and training. Conclusions: In order to enhance the health promotion services in the community we need to identify the barriers and to establish several changes to overcome them.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the structure and the trend of utilization and expenditure for Korean Medicine (KM) in Korea. Methods : Data were drawn from the 2008-2013 annual Korea Health Panel (Version 1.2.2), a national representative sample. We combined the data of household members with the data of outpatient KM service use. The volume of KM use was estimated based on the frequency of use and co-payment. Results : The KM utilization rate slightly increased in recent years, and it is presumed to be resulted from the increase of elderly population. Most KM outpatient visits were being concentrated in treating musculoskeletal diseases, and the procedures used frequently were acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and physical therapy. The imbalance of KM use between lower income group and higher income group was deepening. Conclusions : To expand restricted disease areas KM covered, the more herbal prescriptions should be insured and the insured form of herbal medicines need to be diversified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5049-5054
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• 2013

Background: To assess the treatment pattern and expenditure incurred by cancer patients undergoing treatment at government tertiary hospitals in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 508 cancer patients randomly selected from tertiary cancer hospitals funded by central/state governments located in major cities of five states in India, namely Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, West Bengal and Mizoram, during March - May 2011 was conducted. Information related to direct costs, indirect costs and opportunity costs incurred on investigations and treatment, major source of payment and difficulties faced by patients during the course of treatment was collected. Results: About 45% of the patients used private health facilities as the first point of contact for cancer related diseases as against 32% in public hospitals. About 47% sought private health facilities for cancer investigations, 21% at district/sub-district hospitals, and about 4% contacted primary health care facilities. A majority of the patients (76%) faced financial problems while undergoing treatment. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of involving the primary health care system in the cancer prevention activities.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of fatigue and depression in patients with hemato-malignancy receiving chemotherapy. Methods: The data were collected from December 2005 to November 2006. Study objects were recruited from 4 university hospital in B and U city. Fatigue and depression were measured using the Cancer Fatigue Scale and the Revised Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, respectively. Results: 1) The mean score of fatigue was $64.64{\pm}21.58$. The mean score of depression was $41.28{\pm}7.62$. 2) The fatigue score was significantly different with age, employment status, and present pain. 3) The depression score was signigicant different by the payment, diet, and present pain. 4) There was a moderate positive correlation between depression and fatigue. Conclusions: Patients with hemato-malignancy receiving chemotherapy experience in fatigue. Decrease in fatigue are associated with decreases in depression. Therefore, nurses must provide planned nursing intervention to reduce fatigue and depression in patients with hemato-malignancy.