• 논리연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-58
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• 2009

이 글은 직설법 조건문에 대한 스톨네이커의 의미론을 제시하고 옹호한다. 직설법적 조건문에 대한 스톨네이커의 가능세계의 의미론은 표준적인 가능세계와 조건문에 대한 선택함수 의미론, 그리고 직설법적 조건문에만 적용되도록 선택함수를 제한하는 화용론적 원리로 구성된다. 그의 의미론에 따르면, 직설법적 조건문은 강한 진리조건을 갖기 때문에 논란없는 원리는 받아들이지만, 이행원리가 보편적으로 성립한다는 것은 거부한다. 그럼에도 이행원리가 성립하는 경우가 있을 수 있는데 그것이 어떻게 가능한지를 설명함으로써 직설법적 조건문에 대해서 우리가 갖는 일반적인 직관을 잘 설명하는 이론임을 보인다. 또한 이 글은 스톨네이커의 이론에 대하여 제기되는 아담스주의적 비판과 기바드 현상의 문제에 대해서 답하고, 스톨네이커의 의미론은 지나치게 맥락의존적이라는 비판에 답함으로써 직설법적 조건문에 대한 가장 받아들일 만한 이론임을 주장한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 1996

Consider a natural model for stochastic flow systems is Brownian motion, which is Brownian motion on the positive real line with constant drift and constant diffusion coefficient, modified by an impenetrable reflecting barrier at $x_{0}$. In this paper, we investigate the joint distribution functions and study on the distribution of the first-passage time. Also we find out the distribution of ${\mu}-RBMPx_{0}$.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1001-1006
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• 2004

Railroad disasters are frequently occurred by man-made causes or natural causes. In general, man-made causes are illegal construction practices, deterioration with the lapse of time and railroad crossing accidents, and natural causes are rainfall. snow, wind, earthquake, etc. Of cause, railroad disasters by man-made causes are prevented from keeping the safety principle, constructing multi-level crossing, securing enough men of ability and financial resources and making a thorough check using equipments with high capacity. And railroad disasters by natural causes are also minimized by construction of disaster prevention facilities, introduction and operation of general disaster prevention system and reasonable train passage control. Therefore, to setup the criterion of train passage control for train safety at railroad bridge under heavy rainfall, risky factors, national and oversea criteria under such circumstances are reviewed and a scheme to setup the criterion is suggested.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.561-566
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• 2008

The reciprocating compressor is widely used in the industry field, because it has simple principle and high efficiency. In this work, in order to improve design of discharge passage line in hydrogen compression system Numerical analysis was conducted. General information about an internal gas flow is presented by numerical analysis approach. Relating with hydrogen compressing system, which have an important role in hydrogen energy utilization, this should be a useful tool to observe the flow quickly and clearly. Flow characteristic analysis, including velocity, pressure and turbulence kinetic energy distribution of hydrogen gas going out from the cylinder to discharge-path line are presented in this paper. Discharge-passage model is designed based on real model of hydrogen compressor. Pressure boundary conditions are applied considering the real condition of operating system. The result shows velocity, pressure and turbulent kinetic energy are not distributed uniformly along the passage of the Hydrogen system. Path line or particles tracks help to demonstrate flow characteristics inside the passage. The existence of vortices and flow direction can be precisely predicted. Based on this result, the design improvement might be done.

• 진공이야기
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.4-9
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• 2015

A nanopore is a very small hole that can be used as single-molecule detector. The detection principle is based on monitoring the ionic current reduced by passage of a molecule through the nanopore as a voltage is applied across the nanopore. Here, we introduce biological nanopores and solid-state nanopores. Then, research and current trend about nanopore-based DNA biosensor and protein analysis are reviewed.

• 기술사
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.24-32
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• 1983

산업의 발전 및 경제성장에 의한 초중량물의 빈번한 통과는 피해를 누적시켜 교량구조물에 파손을 증대시킨다. 이것은 안전성 문제에 심각한 영향을 끼치고 있어 교량의 안전관리는 중요한 과제로 지적되고 있다. 본 논문은 교량구조 각 부분의 파손요인들에 대하여 종합적으로 분석하여 사고를 사전에 예방하고 교량의 안전성을 확보하기 위한 교량 평가기준 및 내하력조사와 교량 관리기준에 대하여 연구하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of identifying freshness of beef using a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor based electronic nose. The beef was stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ and aroma was measured with the passage of time. Chromatographic analysis of the odor showed that number of volatile components and their amounts were rapidly increased after 19 days of storage. Classifying beefs according to their storage days was possible using principle component analysis (PCA). Classifying beefs processed from four different origins was also possible with PCA analysis of odor. This study shows that electronic nose can be applied to beef freshness evaluation and classification of its origin.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.387-401
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• 2016

This paper takes a half-through steel truss arch bridge as an example. A seismic analysis is conducted with nonlinear finite element method. Contrast models are established to discuss the effect of simplified method for main girder on the accuracy of the result. The influence of seismic wave direction and wave-passage on seismic behaviors are analysed as well as the superstructure and arch ring interaction which is mostly related with the supported bearings and wind resistant springs. In the end, the application of cable-sliding aseismic devices is discussed to put forward a layout principle. The main conclusions include: (1) The seismic response isn't too distinctive with the simplified method of main girder. Generally speaking, the grillage method is recommended. (2) Under seismic input from different directions, arch foot is usually the mostly dangerous section. (3) Vertical wave input and horizontal wave-passage greatly influence the seismic responses of arch ring, significantly increasing that of midspan. (4) The superstructure interaction has an obvious impact on the seismic performance. Half-through arch bridges with long spandrel columns fixed has a less response than those with short ones fixed. And a large stiffness of wind resistant spring makes the the seismic responses of arch ring larger. (5) A good isolation effectiveness for half-through arch bridge can be achieved by a reasonable arrangement of CSFABs.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2019

포그 스크린은 미세한 물방울들로 구성된 스크린으로 관찰자는 포그 스크린을 투과한 영상을 관찰하게 된다. 일반 스크린과는 달리 관찰자는 무대 위에서 연기자가 포그 스크린에 표시된 이미지를 뚫고 들어가는 모습을 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 상부에서 생성된 포그 입자 집단이 중력에 의하여 아래로 떨어질 때 평평한 수직 스크린을 이루도록 하는 하향식 포그 스크린 생성 장치 구현 방법을 기술한다. 본 기법은 수조안에 배치된 초음파 진동자에 의해 수조 표면에서 포그 입자가 발생되는 원리를 이용한다. 생성된 포그 집단이 하나의 평면을 유지할 수 있도록 포그가 나오는 통로 출구 양옆에 가이드 바람을 형성하는 기법과 포그 스크린 생성 장치의 설계와 제작 방법을 기술한다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.31-67
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• 1990

One of the first issues which arose in the evolution of air law was the determination of the vertical limits of airspace over private property. In 1959 the UN in its Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, started to give attention to the question of the meaning of the term "outer space". Discussions in the United Nations regarding the delimitation issue were often divided between those in favour of a functional approach ("functionalists"), and those seeking the delineation of a boundary ("spatialists"). The functionalists, backed initially by both major space powers, which viewed any boundary as possibly restricting their access to space(Whether for peaceful or military purposes), won the first rounds, starting with the 1959 Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space which did not consider that the topic called for priority consideration. In 1966, however, the spatialists, were able to place the issue on the agenda of the Outer Sapce Committee pursuant to Resolution 2222 (xxx1). However, the spatialists were not able to present a common position since there existed a variety of propositions for delineation of a boundary. Over the years, the funtionalists have seemed to be losing ground. As the element of location is a decisive factor for the choice of the legal regime to be applied, a purely functional approach to the regulation of activities in the space above the Earth does not offer a solution. It is therefore to be welcomed that there is clear evidence of a growing recognition of the defect inherent to such an approach and that a spatial approach to the problem is gaining support both by a growing number of States as well as by publicists. The search for a solution of the problem of demarcating the two different legal regimes governing the space above the Earth has undoubtedly been facilitated, and a number of countries, among them Argentina, Belgium, France, Italy and Mexico have already advocated the acceptance of the lower boundary of outer space at a height of 100km. The adoption of the principle of sovereignty at that height does not mean that States would not be allowed to take protective measures against space activities above that height which constitute a threat to their security. A parallel can be drawn with the defence of the State's security on the high seas. Measures taken by States in their own protection on the high seas outside the territorial waters-provided that they are proportionate to the danger-are not considered to infringe the principle of international law. The most important issue in this context relates to the problem of a right of passage for space craft through foreign air space in order to reach outer space. In the reports to former ILA Conferences an explanation was given of the reasons why no customary rule of freedom of passage for aircraft through foreign territorial air space could as yet be said to exist. It was suggested, however, that though the essential elements for the creation of a rule of customary international law allowing such passage were still lacking, developments apperaed to point to a steady growth of a feeling of necessity for such a rule. A definite treaty solution of the demarcation problem would require further study which should be carried out by the UN Outer Space Committee in close co-operation with other interested international organizations, including ICAO. If a limit between air space and outer space were established, air space would automatically come under the regime of the Chicago Convention alone. The use of the word "recognize" in Art. I of chicago convention is an acknowledgement of sovereignty over airspace existing as a general principle of law, the binding force of which exists independently of the Convention. Further it is important to note that the Aricle recognizes this sovereignty, as existing for every state, holding it immaterial whether the state is or is not a contracting state. The functional criteria having been created by reference to either the nature of activity or the nature of the space object, the next hurdle would be to provide methods of verification. With regard to the question of international verification the establishment of an International Satelite Monitoring Agency is required. The path towards the successful delimitation of outer space from territorial space is doubtless narrow and stony but the establishment of a precise legal framework, consonant with the basic principles of international law, for the future activities of states in outer space will, it is still believed, remove a source of potentially dangerous conflicts between states, and furthermore afford some safeguard of the rights and interests of non-space powers which otherwise are likely to be eroded by incipient customs based on at present almost complete freedom of action of the space powers.