• IE interfaces
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.114-120
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• 1999

A system consisting of two continuously and independently operating equipment subject to breakdown and repair, is considered. It is assumed that both equipment age only when in operation, and a group replacement policy is in effect, that is, both equipment are replaced simultaneously by new identical ones as soon as either of them reaches a specified replacement age. First, a system of partial differential equations based on enumerating the various probabilistic events, is derived. Then, solutions of such system of equations for a model considered in the steady-state are obtained. Finally, an economic analysis is performed to determine the optimal replacement ages of both equipment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.6 s.263
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• pp.479-481
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• 2006

A newborn girl with a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, coarctation of the aorta, and ventricular and atrial septal defects underwent a complete repair successfully at 49 days of age. In this case, the left upper pulmonary vein was connected to the left innominate vein via an atypical vertical vein.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.206-210
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• 2015

Background: Assessment of the clinical outcomes after rotator cuff repair is essential for their effectiveness on treatment. The Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society devised the Korean Shoulder Scoring System (KSS) for patients with rotator cuff disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability of the KSS for assessment of clinical outcomes in patients after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, and for comparison with other appraisal scoring systems. Methods: A total of 130 patients with partial-thickness or full-thickness rotator cuff tear who underwent arthroscopic repair using a single row or double row suture bridge technique were enrolled. The average follow-up period was 25.9 months. All patients were classified according to various factors. Comparison within corresponding categories was performed, and the correlation between the KSS and other shoulder assessment methods including University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Constant and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score was analyzed. Results: Total score of the KSS response had increased from 59.6 preoperatively to 88.96 at last follow-up. All KSS domains, including function, pain, satisfaction, range of motion, and muscle power had improved up to 24 months postoperatively. Statistical significance was observed mainly in preoperative measurements with number and size of torn tendons, and greater than or equal to grade 3 of fatty infiltration. The KSS was best correlated with the UCLA scoring system in both preoperative (r=0.785) and postoperative (r=0.951) measurements. Conclusions: The KSS was highly reliable and valid as a discriminative instrument, and it showed strong correlation with ASES and UCLA scoring systems.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short-term clinical outcome of the capsulolabral repair using absorbable suture anchor in traumatic anterior instability of shoulder. Materials and Methods: From June 2000 to September 2001, 15 shoulders with recurrent anterior instability were operated with arthroscopic Bankart repair using absorbable suture-anchor 'PANALOK' (Mitek, westwood, MA), and were followed up over 1 year (average; 13 months). The mean age was 23-years. There were fourteen males and one female. The mean duration from the initial symptoms to the operation was 24 months. Associated pathologies were Hill-Sachs defect in 12 cases, SLAP in 6 cases, and partial rotator cuff tear in 2 cases. The results were evaluated by patien's satisfaction, Modified Rowe Score in regard to joint stability, mobility, pain and function in comparison with the preoperative ones, and other complications. Results: At the last follow-up, the total Rowe Score increased from 38 points to 92 points. There were no recurrence and 14 patients among 15 patients gained pre-operative level of sports activity and no other complications. Conclusion: Effective capsulolabral repair could be obtained by the absorbable anchoring without any untoward complications. This procedure is simple and safe one and this system can be a good substitute for the metallic anchor.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2011

As awareness of root tear of meniscus have been increased, it became necessary to have an intensive repair. Posterior horn tear, especially for a lot of repair methods and the results have been reported recently. The report of the anterior root tear has yet to be found. We recently encountered a patient with an iatrogenic meniscal subluxation caused by past experienced partial menisectomy for discoid meniscus. Thus, we repots the technique and clinical results of arthroscopic repair of subluxated lateral meniscus anterior root tear using suture anchor.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tendon healing of arthroscopic repair in full-thickness supraspinatus tears. We evaluate the effectiveness of the arthroscopic repair of full-thickness supraspinatus tears by assessing functional improvement. Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive full-thickness supraspinatus tears were repaired arthroscopically in 19 patients with a one row of anchor and 11 patients with two rows of anchors. Patients ranged in age from 51 to 79 years (average 63 years). Average follow-up was 16 month (range, 12 to 28 months). To evaluate the effectiveness of the arthroscopic repair of full-thickness supraspinatus tears by assessing functional improvement, we calculate the Constant, ASES, UCLA scores. The 30 patients had either an MR Arthrogram (25 cases) or an MRI (5 cases), performed between 5 months and 20 months (mean 10 months) after surgery. Results: The cuff was healed in 21/30 cases (70%) and partially torn in 3 cases (10%) after the arthroscopic repair of full-thickness supraspinatus tear. Although the supraspinatus tendon was totally torn to the tuberosity in 6 cases(20%) after the arthroscopic repair, the size of the tear was smaller than the initial in 5 cases. The Constant score improved from an average of $55.7{\pm}7.1$ points preoperatively to $77.7{\pm}9.7$ points at the last follow-up (p<0.001), and the average ASES score improved from $39.2{\pm}7.4\;to\;72.4{\pm}12.6$ (p<0.001), and the average UCLA score improved from $17.9{\pm}2.2\;to\;26.8{\pm}5.0$ (p<0.001). Strength of elevation was significantly better $(7.1kgs{\pm}2.4)$ in the shoulders with a healed tendon that in those with an total or partial re-tear tendon $(4.5kgs{\pm}1.0)$ (p<0.05). Factors adversely affecting tendon healing were increasing age, Only 41.7% of the repairs completely healed in patients over 65 years (p<0.05). Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair of isolated full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus leads to completely healing in 70% of the cases. Total or partial re-tear of the repaired rotator cuff is associated with a decreased strength. Older patients had significantly lower healing rates.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic type II SLAP repair in non-athletes, and to compare the clinical outcomes between those who had isolated type II SLAP lesion and those who had combined partial thickness supraspinatus tear that did not required a combined repair. Materials and Methods: From July 2005 to January 2007, 142 consecutive type II SLAP lesions were treated with arthroscopic surgery. The inclusion criteria for the study were; (1) younger than 50 years old; and (2) non-athletes. Exclusion criteria were; (1) prior surgery, fracture or combined recurrent dislocation history on the affected shoulder; (2) combined full thickness rotator cuff tear or PTST (>50% thickness) patient that needed repair; and (3) combined infection, arthritis or inflammatory disease. Remaining 19 patients meet the criteria. Among them, 13 had combined PTRCT that did not require repair (Group I), and 6 had isolated type II SLAP lesion without combined supraspinatus tear (Group II). The mean age was 36.7 years (29~49 years), mean symptom duration was 39.1 months (3~216 months) and mean follow-up was 19.0 months (12~27 months). In all patients, the range of motion of affected shoulder, pain and function visual analogue scale (PVAS, FVAS), the Constant score and UCLA score were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: In group I, external rotation at side was decreased significantly (p=0.003),but there were no statistical significant change at the remains(p>0.05). And there were no differences between groups (p>0.05). At the final follow-up, all clinical outcome measurements improved after surgery with statistical significance (p<0.05): UCLA score, $22.8{\pm}5.2$ to $32.8{\pm}2.1$; Constant score, $79.4{\pm}8.6$ to $94.9{\pm}4.3$; PVAS $5.4{\pm}2.7$ to $1.1{\pm}1.4$; FVAS $63.2{\pm}15.3$ to $93.4{\pm}7.3$. But, in group comparison of the mean UCLA score and Constant score, there were no statistical significant differences between two groups. Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair of type II SLAP lesion provided good clinical outcomes in nonathletic population. Combined partial thickness supraspinatus tear does not seem to hamper the final outcome at minimal 1 year follow-up.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.357-364
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• 2005

The prefabricated type used generally in Korea to join cable runs on new installations or to repair broken Cable runs on existing installations, because installation is very simple and save time. This type is a permanent, shielded and submersible cable joint for direct burial or vault application. It confirms to the requirements of IEEE std. 404-1993 by factory testing, but many problems of insulated cable systems are caused by internal defects of the joint part which have to be mounted ensile. Faults arise from impurities or voids. A suitable solution for a monitoring of cable joints during the after-laying test and service is partial discharge detection. Specimen obtained 1mm thickness from the insulation of real power cable and cable joint. <중략>The partial discharges are measured to determine their time dependence for 60 minutes and the influence of applied electrical stress under 30kV. $\Phi-q-n$ properties were measured using detection impedance, high pass filter and computerized data acquisition system. Statistic Value like maximum charge, repetition rate, average charge, etc. are calculated. It is possible to quantitative analysis of $\Phi-q-n$ properties from this statistic value and pattern analysis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2007

The radial forearm fasciocutaneous flap(RFFF) is a well-known flap for the reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects. It was first described by Yang et al. in 1981 and Soutar et al. developed it for the reconstruction of intraoral defect. RFFF provides a reliable, thin, and pliable soft tissue/skin paddle that is amenable to sensate reconstruction. It also has a long vascular pedicle that can be anastomosed to any vessel in either the ipsilateral or contralateral neck. However, split thickness skin graft(STSG) is most commonly used to cover the donor site, and a variety of donor site complications have been reported, including delayed healing, swelling of the hand, persistent wrist stiffness, reduced hand strength, and partial loss of the graft with exposure of the forearm flexor tendon. Various methods for donor site repair in addition to STSG have been developed and practiced to minimize both functional and esthetic morbidity, such as direct closure, V-Y closure, full thickness skin graft, tissue expansion, acellular dermal graft. We got a good result of using artificial dermis($Terudermis^{(R)}$) and secondary STSG for the repair of RFFF donor site defect esthetically and report with a review of literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1550-1555
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• 1992

From June 1989 to July 1992, we used centrifugal Biomedicus pump[CBP] in 20 patients In 9 cases, CBP was used as ventricular assistance after heart surgery for those who could not be weaned off bypass even with intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation and with maximal inotropic support In 8 patients, CBP was used as partial left heart bypass during repair of aortic aneurysms or congenital aortic anomalies. And in 3 patients, CBP was used as vena caval bypass during resection of renal cell carcinoma with tumor extension into the inferior vena cava. In 2 of 9 patients with ventricular assistance, they were weaned off the device successfully after 16 hours and 7 days respectively. But the patients died of intracranial hemorrhage and sepsis, 7 and 29 days after weaning from cardiac support, respectively. In all the patients who underwent aortic of vena caval surgery using CBP as shunt, there were no complications such as postoperative bleeding necessitating reoperation, renal failure or neurologic sequelae. In conclusion, the centrifugal type of ventricular assistance may be potentially life saving treatment modality in patients with severe postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. The CBP can be safely employed for resection of renal cell carcinoma with vena caval tumor extension and for repair of aortic aneurysms.