• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.169-177
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the effect, range of practice, and propriety for diagnosis of early non-pregnancies and reproductive disorders by dairy cows' milk progesterone analysis used EIA-kit of home products. The results were summarized as follows : 1. During 2 to 6 months after artificial insemination, the results of milk progesterone measurement by Home-kit and Auto ELISA reader-kit with pregnant dairy cows(152 heads) certified by rectal palpation were revealed, in Home-kit, 145 heads(95.4%) of positive reaction, 7 heads(4.6%) of quasi-positive, and 0 heads(0%) of negative among 152 heads and, in Auto ELISA reader-kit, 152 heads(100%) of positive reaction among 152 heads. 2. During 19 to 22 days after artificial insemination, the results of milk progesterone measurement by Home-kit, and thereafrer during 50 to 90 days after that, the results of pregnant test by rectal palpation were summarized as follows : 147 heads(82.1%) among 179 heads of positive reaction by Home-kit and 5 heads(31.3%) among 16 heads of quasi-positive were revealed pregnant cows by rectal palpation, and 42 heads(100%) among 42 heads of negative were non-pregnant. 3. During 19 to 22 days after artificial insemination, the results of milk progesterone measurement by Auto ELISA reader-kit, and thereafrer during 50 to 90 days after that, the results of pregnant test by rectal palpation were summarized as follows : 146 heads(86.9%) among 168 heads of positive reaction by Auto ELISA reader-kit and 6 heads(28.6%) among 21 heads of quasi-positive were revealed pregnant cows by rectal palpation, and 48 heads (100%) among 48 heads of negative were non-pregnant. 4. For the accuracy of the rectal palpation, Home-kit and Auto ELISA reader-kit were used in the cows of ovarian diseases. The results were following : in the cows of reproductive disorders expected negative milk progesterone, the accuracies of rectal palpation were the same 75.5%(40 heads among 53 heads) by Home-kit and Auto ELISA reader-kit, and in the cows of reproductive disorders expected positive milk progesterone, the accuracies of rectal palpation were 82.6%(19 heads among 23 heads) and 91.3%(21 heads among 23 heads) by Home-kit and Auto ELISA reader-kit, respectively, and the general accuracies of rectal palpation were 77.6%(59 heads among 76 heads) and 80.3%(61 heads among 76 heads) by Home-kit and Auto ELISA reader-kit, respectively.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objectives : For the excellent differentiation of syndromes, we study on the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Methods : To the subject of diagnosis special books and diagnostics textbook of korean medicine, we arrange the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Results : The interrogation of history taking on the individual characteristic factor was arranged dispositional symptoms and individual characteristic of syndromes. And the pulse taking and palpation on the individual characteristic factor was arranged the moderate person's pulse condition ; floating pulse, deep and sinking pulse, replete and forceful pulse, intermittent pulse, long pulse, slippery or smooth pulse, relaxed or loose pulse (浮沈實大長滑緩脈), six Yin and six Yang pulse (六陽脈, 六陰脈). Conclusions : As the results, the individual characteristic factor is very important item of the four methods of diagnosis and the differentiation of syndromes. And therefore, we have to divide the signs of individual characteristic factor and the signs of disease in the process on four methods of diagnosis and differentiation of syndromes.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2015

Objectives As a method of body temperature distribution diagnosis, palpation of infants' forehead had been widely introduced in ancient East Asian medical classics. However, few attention have been paid to this diagnostic method - so called 'emaizhenduan (額脈診斷)'. So we studied the history of emaizhenduan and it's implication in modern clinical field. Materials and methods: To search the medical classic that contains any contents of emaizhenduan, we mainly used the electronic texts of Zhonghuayidian (中華醫典). To search modern study article on emaizhenduan, we used China National Knowledge Infrastructure (www.cnki.net), National Digital Science Library (ndsl.kr) etc. Results 20 kinds of East Asian medical classics were found to contain contents on emaizhenduan. The oldest one was Huoyoukouyi (活幼口議) which was written in Yuan dynasty of China. Only one modern TCM book was found to have comments on emaizhenduan, while some textbooks of pediatrics in Korean Medicine was found to have relatively sound introduction on emaizhenduan. Conclusion It is shown in ancient East Asian medical classics that infants' forehead temperature palpation was introduced as early as late 13th century in China, and have continuously been referred in many East Asian medical classics before modern era.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2009

"Kenjurok" is a set of medical records of Todo Yoshimasu, a Japanese docotr in the eighteenth century, who suggested that all diseases have originated from a poison, which is his own pathological term describing abnormal states of the body, The 54 records in "Kenjurok" were analyzed in statistical respects, including gender ratio, demographic distribution of patients, types of diseases, and herbal prescriptions used. Among 54 cases, male patients outnumbered female, as much as four times. The patients were quite evenly distributed according to ages. In 23 cases out of 54, abdomen palpation data were mentioned, Majority of the prescriptions used were originated from Sanghanron(傷寒論:Treaties on Febrile Diseases)/Geumgeyoryak(金匱要略: Synopsis of Golden Chamber). In frequency of use of prescriptions, however, showed somewhat different result, that is although Sanghan/Geumge prescriptions were used most often, esoteric prescriptions handed down in his family also composed significant part. The speculations derived from these statistical results are: Although Todo favored abdommen palpation to locate the poison and to decide a prescription, the proportion of abdomen palpation was not as high as expectation, He did use prescriptions not only in Sanghan/Geumge, but also other diverse prescriptions, rather often than not, which are regarded unique Japanese traditional prescriptions including poisonous minerals such as mercury and arsenic.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine inter- and intra-examiner reliability of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) anatomical landmarks palpation. Two physical therapists and one doctor specializing in rehabilitation examined 22 asymptomatic subjects. They examined anterior superior iliac supine (ASIS), posterior superior iliac supine (PSIS) and iliac crest (IC). For the assessment of intra-examiner reliability, 3 examiners repeated the measurements 3 times over a 2-week interval. Kappa (Kg) yielded intra-examiner reliability that ranged between slight to fair for the ASIS (Kg=.06 to .26; mean Kg=.19), and slight for the PSIS(Kg=-.04 to .18; mean Kg=.07) and slight to fair for the IC (Kg=.06 to .32; mean Kg=.21). Inter-examiner reliability was slight (ASIS Kg=.13; PSIS Kg=.05; IC Kg=.14). These results suggest that the reliability of the assessing SIJ anatomical landmarks using palpation and observation as an indication of SIJ dysfunction still remains questionable. Before this test can be relied upon as an accurate indicator of SIJ dysfunction, it must undergo further research. This further research needs to examine not only reliability, but also validity, sensitivity and specificity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.919-923
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• 2004

Ultrasonographic study was undertaken to establish the echogenecity and size of reproductive organs of 18 cycling buffaloes of different parities and compared with the sizes measured by palpation per rectum at estrus (day 0), met estrus (day 2), mid diestrus (day 10) and late diestrus (day 16). The overall mean size of cervix, uterine body, right horn, left horn, right ovary and left ovary measured by palpation per rectum were 2.70$\pm$0.43, 2.36$\pm$0.36, 2.17$\pm$0.37, 2.12$\pm$0.38, 2.63$\pm$0.41 and 2.72$\pm$0.37 cm, respectively. The corresponding ultrasonographic observations were 2.10$\pm$0.40, 1.85$\pm$0.30, 1.73$\pm$0.36, 1.64$\pm$0.37, 2.16$\pm$0.36 and 2.29$\pm$0.38 cm respectively. Variations in the size of genitalia due to stages of estrous cycle were non-significant. The size of genitalia measured by palpation per rectum was significantly higher (p<0.05) than by ultrasonography. However, there was linear positive correlation (r=+0.87) in the measurements by the two techniques. The ultrasonographic characteristics of tubular genitalia revealed different echogenic gray shades around the nonechogenic (black) central area of lumen depending upon the stage of cycle. The ovarian stroma appeared as hyperechoic (white) area with nonechogenic (black) follicle. The corpus luteum (CL) exhibited different echogenic texture viz. grayish black, grayish granular and grayish white at met estrus, mid diestrus and late diestrus, respectively. Therefore, ltrasonography can be effectively employed to record the exact size and echotexture of the buffalo genitalia during different stages of estrous cycle.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.155-173
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• 2000

한의학의 진단(診斷)에는 망(望) 문(聞) 문(問) 절(切)의 사진법(四診法)과 여러 가지의 변증체계(辨證體系), 즉 기혈진액변증(氣血津液辨證) 장부변증(臟腑辨證), 육경변증(六經辨證), 위기영혈변증(衛氣營血辨證), 삼초변증(三焦辨證), 사상체질변증(四象體質辨證) 등이 응용되어 지고 있으며, 또한 그와 더불어 병상(症狀) 증후감병진단법(證候鑑別診斷法)등이 선택적으로 활용되어 지고 있다. 이러한 광범위(廣範位)한 진단방법(診斷方法)가운데 절진(切診)은 손가락 및 손바닥의 감각(感覺)을 운용(運用)해서 일정부위(一定部位)를 촉지(觸指), 접압(接壓)하는 검사방법(檢査方法)으로써 절맥진(切脈診)과 접진(接診)으로 크게 나눌 수 있다. 이중 안진(按診)이란 손을 사용하여 직접 환부에 촉모(觸摸) 안압(按壓)하여 이상변화를 알아내고 나아가서는 질병(疾病)의 부위(部位)와 성질(性質)과 병정(病情)의 경중(輕重) 등의 내부(內部)의 변화(變化)와 체표(體表)의 반응(反應)을 관찰(觀察)하여 중요(重要)한 변증자료(辨證資料)를 얻는 진단방법(診斷方法)의 한 종류(種類)를 말한다. 또한 접진(接診)에는 안기표(按肌表), 접수족(接手足), 안흉복(按胸腹), 접유혈진법(接兪穴診法)등을 들 수 있다. 배유혈(背兪穴)의 진단법(診斷法)은 경기(經綺)이라는 반응로(反應路)를 통(通)하여 체표(體表)에 발현(發現)되는 압통(壓痛), 자발통(自發痛), 긴장(緊張), 이완(弛緩), 경결(硬結) 및 조색상물(條索狀物) 등의 현상(現象)으로 부터 내부장기(內部臟器)의 병변(病變)을 진단(診斷)하는 방법(方法)이다. 이에 저자(著者)는 접진(接診)의 내용(內容)과 방법(方法)을 연구하면서 십이경맥(十二經脈)의 시동병(始動病) 소생병(所生病)을 알아보고 혈위진단(穴位診斷)의 방법(方法) 및 주의점(注意點)등을 아울러 정리하므로써 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 유혈(兪穴)은 각(各) 장부(臟腑)의 사기(邪氣)가 주입(注入)하는 곳으로 장병(臟病) 한증(寒症) 허증(虛症)의 의미를 내포한 음성병증(陰性病症) 치료(治療)에 중요(重要)한 곳이다. 2. 유차(兪次)의 촉진(觸診) 즉(卽) 모지(母指)로서 척추극돌기(脊椎棘突起) 좌우측(左右側)을 접압(接壓)하여서 상향(上向)이나 하향(下向)으로 추압지(推壓指)하면 극돌기(棘突起)의 돌(突), 함요(陷凹), 긴장(緊張), 이완(弛緩) 및 압통(壓痛)의 출현부위(出現部位)에 따라 계통별(系統別) 질환(疾患)을 판단(判斷)할 수 있다. 3. 실제(實際) 임상(臨床)에서 환자(患者)의 진단(診斷) 치료(治療)에 있어서 배부접진(背部接診)은 중요(重要)한 진단(診斷)의 한 영역(領域)으로 빠뜨리지 말고 꼭 참고(參考)하여야 할 것으로 사료(思料)된다. 4. 장부질환(臟腑疾患)에 대한 진단방법(診斷方法)의 다양화(多樣化)와 치료영역(治療領域)의 확대(擴大) 및 치료율(治療率)의 상승(上昇)을 위해 배부유혈(背部兪穴)의 정확(正確)한 인식(認識)과 유혈접진(兪穴接診)을 통하여 정확(正確)한 진단(診斷)이 되었으면 한다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.151-153
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• 2015

Closed reduction is the treatment of choice for most nasal bone fractures. In this technique, the nasal bone cannot be directly visualized, proper reduction is confirmed by palpation of the bony contour. This confirmation-via-palpation is in most cases too uncomfortable or painful for patients, and this is the reason why most closed reductions of nasal bone fractures are performed under general anesthesia. Recently, ultrasonography has been adopted as a useful diagnostic method and operative adjunct. In this report, we report the use of ultrasonography as a means to provide palpation-less confirmation of proper reduction, which in turn allows for nasal bone reduction under local anesthesia.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1980

This experiment was carried out to investigate of the early pregnancy diagnosis by finger pressure method, mucus smear method and rectal palpation method in 169 heads of pregnant dairy cow. 1. Pregnancy diagnostic rate of previous, middle and late period of pregnancy by finger pressure methods were 87.3%, 82.0% and 70% respectively. 2. Pregnancy diagnostic rate of previous, middle and late period of pregnancy by mucus smear methods were 83.1%. 94.9% and 95.0% respectively. 3. Pregnancy diagnostic rate of previous, middle and later period of pregnancy by rectal palpation methods were 83.1%, 96.1% and 100% respectively. 4. Pregnancy diagnostic rate of early pregnancy by finger pressure method, mucus smear method and rectal palpation method were 86.7%, 86.8% and 66% respectively. 5. Accordingly, finger pressure method in pregnancy diagnosis is thought to be recommendable because this early diagnostic means are simple with accurate results.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.307-318
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• 1998

Accuracy of rectal palpation and ultrasonography for differential diagnosis of subestrous dairy trows were investigatedl using the result of pIRsma progesterone assay. The ovaries were examined 2 times of 10 days interval in 520 posearom and postinsemination subestroHs dairy cows, using rectal palpation and B-mode transrectal ultrasonography. The results of rectal palpation, ultrasonographic examination and measurement of plasma progesterone profiles in 520 subestrous dairy cows were silent brat or error of estrus detection 303 (58.3%), persistent corpus luteum 59 (11.3%), follicular cyst 37 (7.1%), luteal cyst 16 (3.1%), inactive ovary 9 (1.7%), granulosa tumor 1 (0.2%), hydmsalphinx 1 (0.2%), endomehris 81 (15.6%), pyometra 12 (2.3%) and mummified fetus 1 (0.2%), respectively. Accuncy of rectal palpation and ultrasonography for diagiosing ovarian disordeir based on plasma progesterone profiles were silent heat or error of estrus detection 80.5% and 96.7%$\boxUl$ persistent corpus luteum 57.6% and 94.9%, follicular cyst 62.5% and 91.9%1 luteal cyst 62.5% and 87.5%, maclive ovary 55.6% and 88.9% and granulosa cell tumor 100% and 100%, respectively. Acnuucy of rectal palpation for diagnosing uterine disorders based on ultrasonography was pyometra 75.0%1 endometritis 51.9% and mummified fetus 100%, respectively. Cbaracteristic ultrasonographic appearances of ovaries in subestrous dairy cows were as follows; Silent heat or error of estrus detection: anechoic follicle or hypoechoic corpus luteum than ovarian stroma was alternately present on Day 0 (first examination) and Day 10. Follicular cyst: uniformly nonechogenic ovarian structure $\geq $ 25 mm in diameter with a wall < 3 mm was present in ipsilateral on Day 0 and Day 10. Luteal cyst: luteal cyst was similar to follicular cysts but thickness of cystic wall was $\geq $ 3 mm. Inactive ovary : structures within ovaries was not present on Day 0 Bnd Day 10. Characteristic uthssonograpsc appearances of uterus in subestrous dairy cows were as follows; Endometritis: characterized by uterine lumen containing fluid in which 'snowy'echogenic particles art suspended. Pyometra: ultrasonographic appearance of pyometra was diffuse echogenic particles distributed in fluid within the distended uterus, and a thickened uterine wall. These results indicated that ultrasonography was practical far diagnosing reproductive disorders. To diagnosing ovarian disorders, ultrasonography should be carried out 2 times of 10 days interval and rndometritis should be differentiated with uterus of luteal phase in normal cycling cows.