• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 2009

Kaposi's sarcoma was first descrided by Kaposi in 1872 as an idiopathic multiple hemorrhagic sarcoma. Its clinical features revealed to be erythematous red or purple macule started out, and developing into palpable dome-shaped nodules. Etiology is not defined to detail at present. Kaposi's sarcoma is classified to 4 categories; Classical, African, Epidemic and Immunosuppressive type. Epidemic categories is found approximately 20% of all AIDS patients and has strong predilection for head and neck region. The first case of immunosuppresive type Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with kidney transplants was reported in 1969. Kaposi's sarcoma accounts for 5% of all tumors associated with transplanted patients. The most common site of Kaposi's sarcoma in immunosuppressed patients are extremities, but rare in head and neck area. A 42 years old woman who had systemic lupus erythematosus visited to our clinic because of gingival hyperplasia, and excisional biopsy revealed Kaposi's sarcoma. We experienced a case of favorable results using excision and chemotherapy, so we report with review of literatures.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.163-167
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• 2000

Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC) is a benign lesion and generally occurs in the long bones and vertebral column. ABC of the rib is an uncommon entity. We reported a case of ABC originating in the left first rib. The patient was a 19-year-old woman and presented with palpable mass on the shoulder. Chest X ray and MRI showed a large expansile mass, with multiple cystic areas, arising from the left first rib and bulging out into retroclavicular and paravertebral soft tissue, so the lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue malignant tumor destructing adjacent rib. On histological examination, the mass, which was surrounded by a peripheral band of mature trabecular bone, consisted of multiple anastomosing cavernous blood channels separated by fibrous septa that containing osteoid, myxochondroid material and osteoclast-type giant cells.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.200-205
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• 2003

Purpose: To report our experiences of clinical features, treatment method and results of giant cell tumor of 5 patients in proximal fibula. Materials and Methods: Five patients managed with an en bloc resection preserving common peroneal nerve and lateral collateral ligament reconstruction with biceps femoris tendon followed up between January 1997 and July 2001. Preoperative plain radiograph and MRI and bone scan were checked. The recurrence of the tumor was judged by plain radiograph and clinical signs. Lateral instability of knee joint was checked during the outpatient follow-up. Results: The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was twenty- three (21-29). There were one male and four female patients. Dull pain was main symptom and palpable mass was seen in two patients. Peroneal nerve palsy and local recurrence were not observed except one case of temporary peroneal nerve palsy. During the outpatient follow up, one among 5 patients showed slight lateral instability and the other 4 patients showed no instabililty. Conclusion: Giant cell tumor in proximal fibula managed with an en bloc resection preserving common peroneal nerve and lateral collateral ligament reconstruction with biceps femoris tendon showed favorable results.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.233-237
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• 2003

Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma is a benign, aggressive fibrous tumor seen in childhood or adolescence that most commonly affects the palm. We report our experience in treating calcifying aponeurotic fibroma in the hand of fifteen-year-old boy. He was presented with a recurrent mass in hypothenar area of his left hand. He had a history of local excision of the mass 7 years ago in local clinic. The palpable mass was hard, tender and movable. The simple X-ray revealed multifocally scattered microcalcifications in the mass. The excised mass showed the features of dense fibrotic soft tissue tumor with multiple small whitish calcifications. The microscopic sections showed a lobulated and a poorly circumscribed proliferation of dense fibrous tissue, containing islands of metaplastic chondroid differentiation with prominent calcification. The recommended treatment of this lesion is wide excision allowing for sparing of functional or vital structures, but high recurrence rate as this case has been reported to be more than 50 percent.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.500-505
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• 2008

Purpose : We analyzed the clinical features, management and outcome of small bowel intussusception in children compared with ileocolic intussusception. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the records of 210 children with documented intussusception, in whom intussusception was initially diagnosed by ultrasonography during the four-year period of 2002 to 2005. Results : A total of 191 children were diagnosed with ileocolic intussusception and 19 were diagnosed with small bowel intussusception. Children with small bowel intussusception were older than children with ileocolic intussusception (P<0.05). In comparison to patients with ileocolic intussusception the characteristic presenting symptoms- such as currant jelly stool and palpable mass- were rarely observed in patients with small bowel intussusception. In ileocolic intussusception, air reduction (92.2%), or surgical reduction (7.3%) was performed; however, in small bowel intussusception, spontaneous reduction (78.9%) was observed and no surgical reduction was required in our study. Conclusion : Conservative management with close observation and follow-up sonographic evaluation rather than an immediate operation is recommended for children with small bowel intussusception.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Schwannoma of the brachial plexus region is very rare. There has not been general agreement in terms of surgical outcome from limited number of studies. We analyzed surgical outcomes from 11 cases of schwannomas which occurred in the brachial plexus. From February 2000 to August 2009, 11 patients with schwannomas of the brachial plexus region were surgically treated by a single surgeon. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and MRI of our cases, and evaluated the neurologic deficit and the recurrence of tumors after surgery. All the cases were proven histologically as schwannomas. The mean age of the patients was 52.6(36~67) years old, 4 of them were male and 7 were female. The tumor was located in the left side in 9 patients, and right in 2. The mean postoperative follow-up was 24.7(6~78) months. Initial presentation was usually painless, palpable mass. The mass was located in various level of the brachial plexus such as root, trunk, cord, or terminal branch level. The size of mass was from $1.5{\times}1.5{\times}0.5$ cm to $11.0{\times}10.0{\times}6.0$ cm. Eight of 11 patients showed no neurologic deficit. Three patients showed postoperative neurologic deficit; two of them had transient sensory deficit, and one of them had weakness of flexor pollicis longus and 2nd flexor digitorum profundus. There were no recurrences. The schwannoma of the brachial plexus region should be considered as a curable lesion with an acceptable surgical risk of injury to neurovascular structures. With precise surgical techniques, these tumors can be removed to improve patient's symptoms with minimal morbidity.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 1998

Objectives: We'd like to give help in diagnosis and treatment of children's thyoid tumor through our clinical experiences and reference consideration. Materials and Methods: The authors report their experiences with 33 cases of thyroid tumor in patients younger than 16 years of age who were treated at Presbyterian Medical Center from 1979 to 1995. Results: 1) Girls were more predominant than boys by a ratio of 5.6:1. The peak incidence was in the 15 years old of age. 2) The final diagnosis in the 33 patients were thyroid carcinoma in 12 cases, nodular goiter in 6 cases, adenoma in 6 cases, Graves disease in 4 cases, Hasimoto's disease in 4 cases and cyst in 1 case. 3) All of 12 patients with thyroid cancer had nodular tumor. 4) In 5 of 6 patients with palpable cervical lymphadenopathy, the final diagnosis was thyroid carcinoma. 5) Delayed diagnosis arose in 6 of 12 thyroid carcinomas which were treated for long periods as benign disease. 6) The surgical procedures were total thyroidectomy in 3 cases, subtotal thyroidectomy in 13 cases and thyroid lobectomy in 17 cases. 7) 11 of 12 patients with thyroid carcinoma had subtotal or total thyroidectomy with lymphnode dissection and only one had lobectomy. 8) The overall rate of postoperative complication was 3%(1 of 33 patient). 9) Postoperative $^{131}I$ therapy was done in 7 case because of recurrence and distant metastasis in six and severe local invasion in one. 10) In thyroid cancer, the metastatic rate of lymph node at initial surgery was 81%(9/11) and rate of recurrence was 50%(6/12). 11) Patients with thyroid carcinoma were followed up for a mean of 12 years but only one died as a result of thyroid carcinoma 3.5 years later. Conclusion: The authors suggest that thyroid tumors in childhood should receive the benifit of joint management by endocrine pediatrician and experianced surgeons with an agreed protocol of diagnosis and management. We, also, recommend aggressive surgical and $^{131}I$ treatment as the most effective regimen for children with thyroid carcinoma.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 1998

Purpose : Lots of congenital anomalies of urinary tract including hydronephrosis are detected in fetus and neworn by popular use of prenatal ultrasonography. But there are little data available in Korea about natural course of hydronephrosis diagnosed antenatally by ultrasonography. So we intended to help management of these patients by analizing the follow up data of the neonates with hydronephrosis diagnosed antenatally. Methods : We evaluated 22 patients with neonatal hydronephrosis(33 renal units) who were diagnosed prenatally and confirmed postnatally. Especially patients with suspected ureteropelvic junction obstruction were followed regulary with renal ultrasonography and diuretic renography for 8-24 months. Results : 1) The etiologies of neonatal hydronephrosis diagnosed prenatally were suspected ureteropelvic junction obstruction($69.9\%$), vesicoureteral reflux($15.1\%$), primary megaureter($3.0\%$), double ureter with ureterocele($3.0\%$), ureteral stricture($3.0\%$), multicystic dysplastic kidney(3.0$\%$), and ureterovesical junction obstruction(3.0$\%$). 2) The follow up results of 23 renal units of suspected ureteropelvic junction obsruction: Except 4 renal units with palpable abdominal mass, of the remained 19 renal units, 14 units($73.6\%$) were improved spontaneously, 3 units($15.7\%$) remained stable, only2 units($10.5\%$) were aggravated. Conclusion : We concluded that in most cases of hydronephrosis there is no need for immediate surgery, and that nonoperative approach, using serial ultrasonography and diuretic renogram, is safe management of neonatal hydronephrosis diagnosed anteratally.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1989-1992
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the response rates (clinical and pathological ) with docetaxel and epirubicin combination chemotherapy and its effect on outcome. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analysed locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients who received NACT from January 2008 to December 2012 in our tertiary care centre. LABC constituted 37% of all breast cancer cases and 120 patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The regimens used for NACT were, six cycles of DEC (docetaxel $75mg/m^2$, epirubicin $75mg/m^2$, cyclophosphamide $50mg/m^2$ on Day 1, 3 weekly) and a sequential regimen (4 cycles of FEC, 5-flurouracil $600mg/m^2$, epirubicin $75mg/m^2$, cyclophosphamide $600mg/m^2$ followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel $85mg/m^2$). Results: The median age was 47 years (range 23-72). Ninety six ( 80 %) had T4 disease and 90% had clinically palpable lymph nodes at diagnosis. The median size of primary tumor at presentation was 5.9 cm. Hormone receptor positivity was seen in 55% and HER2/neu positivity, in 25%. Triple negative breast cancers constituted 25 % of the cases. The overall clinical response rate (complete or partial ) was 85% and pathological complete responses were obtained in 15%. Four cases defaulted, 5 patients died of treatment related toxicity and 15% developed febrile neutropenia on DEC. The median duration of follow up was 22 months. The median time to relapse was 20 months and the 3 year relapse free and overall survival rates were 50% and 70% respectively. Conclusions: LABC constituted 37% of all breast cancer cases at our institute. With NACT, pCR was seen in 15% of the cases. Sequential chemotherapy was better tolerated than concurrent anthracyline and taxane chemotherapy with a similar pCR.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1887-1893
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to detail characteristics of mammary Paget's disease (PD) representing the whole population in China. A total of 4211 female breast cancer inpatients at seven tertiary hospitals from seven representative geographical regions of China were collected randomly during 1999 to 2008. Data for demography, risk factors, diagnostic imaging test, physical examination and pathologic characters were surveyed and biomarker status was tested by immunohistochemistry. The differences of demography and risk factors between PD with breast cancer and other lesions were compared using Chi-square test or t-test, with attention to physical examination and pathological characters. The percentage of PD was 1.6% (68/4211) in all breast cancers. The mean age at diagnosis was 48.1, and 63.2% (43/68) patients were premenopausal. There is no difference in demography and risk factors between PD with breast cancer and other breast cancer (P > 0.05). The main pattern of PD in physical exam and pathologic pattern were patients presenting with a palpable mass in breast (65/68, 95.6%) and PD with underlying invasive cancer (82.4%, 56/68) respectively. The rate of multifocal disease was 7.4% (5/68). PD with invasive breast cancer showed larger tumor size, more multifocal disease, lower ER and PR expression and higher HER2 overexpression than those in other invasive breast cancer (P < 0.05). These results suggested that PD in China is a concomitant disease of breast cancer, and that PD with underlying invasive cancer has more multiple foci and more aggressive behavior compared with other breast invasive cancer. We address the urgent needs for establishing diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for mammary PD in China.