• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2019

Background: Preterm labor and miscarriage may occur in stressful situations, such as a surgical operation or infection during pregnancy. Pharyngeal and buccal abscess and facial bone fractures are inevitable dental surgeries in pregnant patients. Remifentanil is an opioid analgesic that is commonly used for general anesthesia and sedation. Nonetheless, no study has investigated the effects of remifentanil on amniotic epithelial cells. This study evaluated the effects of remifentanil on the factors related to uterine contraction and its mechanism of action on amniotic epithelial cells. Methods: Amniotic epithelial cells were preconditioned at various concentrations of remifentanil for 1 h, followed by 24-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. MTT assays were performed to assess the cell viability in each group. The effects of remifentanil on factors related to uterine contractions in amniotic epithelial cells were assessed using a nitric oxide (NO) assay, western blot examinations of the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂), and RT-PCR examinations of the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Results: Remifentanil did not affect viability and nitric oxide production of amniotic epithelial cells. Western blot analysis revealed that remifentanil preconditioning resulted in decreased expressions of NF-κB and PGE2 in the cells in LPS-induced inflammation, and a tendency of decreased COX2 expression. The results were statistically significant only at high concentration. RT-PCR revealed reduced expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusions: Preconditioning with remifentanil does not affect the viability of amniotic epithelial cells but reduces the expression of factors related to uterine contractions in situations where cell inflammation is induced by LPS, which is an important inducer of preterm labor. These findings provide evidence that remifentanil may inhibit preterm labor in clinical settings.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2018

Background: Many studies have reported negative psychological or physical effects of emotional labor. Relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorder and psychosocial factors has been reported. To manage organizational and psychosocial factors of musculoskeletal disorder with work place intervention among emotional laborers, the factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain must be identified and clarified. Methods: Data from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey was analyzed. Based on the questionnaire, we selected emotional laborers and included 3,979 participants, excluding participants whose variables were of interest to the researcher. Weight variable was applied. The association with musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial factors, such as workload, monotonous work, job control, social support, and job satisfaction, was investigated. Results: Univariate analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant relationship between social support, job satisfaction, and musculoskeletal pain. In multivariate analysis, job satisfaction showed a strong correlation with musculoskeletal pain at all sites. Social support was significantly associated with backache. Monotonous work seemed to reduce the pain in the neck and/or upper limbs. Job control and work intensity were not significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: In this study, job satisfaction was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain, and social support among the social psychological stressors could reduce musculoskeletal pain. However, unlike previously known, the presence of monotonous work resulted in reduced musculoskeletal pain. The results of this study will help to establish the direction of improvement of atmosphere in the workplace to prevent the musculoskeletal pain of emotional laborers.

• 대한간호
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• 제25권5호통권138호
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• pp.52-62
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to introduce the extended role of nurses in the labor and delivery room as a situational supporter thru the use of the psychoprophylactic method for relief of labor pain. The contents of this study is consisted of the evolutio

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was intended to explore the essential structure and the meanings of childbirth experiences among Korean women participated in Lamaze childbirth education. Methods: Giorgi's phenomenological method was used to analyze data collected by in-depth interviews with six primiparous women from March to July 2009. Results: Five components identified in the meanings of experience: 'Simplicity', 'Self-control', 'Uncontrollable pain', 'Spiritual maturity', 'Physiologic event'. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the childbirth experience was positive generally, partially influenced by Lamaze childbirth education. But, meanings of childbirth experience with Lamaze childbirth education were mostly physiological respect related to labor pain or one's own efforts to endure labor pain. Therefore, nursing strategies for drawing emotional and socio-environmental experiences from childbirth experience with Lamaze childbirth education is needed.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.138-149
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify and clarify the concept of labor support. Methods: This study used Schwartz-Barcott & Kim's hybrid model to identify the main attributes and indicators. In the fieldwork stage, data were collected in Seoul and Chenmam, Korea. The participants were five nurses working in the delivery room and four women who delivered more than two children by vaginal delivery. Results: The concept of labor support was found to have nine attributes and 23 indicators in two dimensions. For the physical intervention dimension, five attributes were derived. They were pain relief, selective use of technology, ambulation/positioning, physiological pushing, and increasing comfort. For the labor support practices dimension the attributeswereprovidinginformation, relief and encouragement, family support, and presence. Conclusion: The concept analysis of labor support in this study could provide guidelines for 'labor support' nursing practice and be useful for research in the women's health field.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.48-58
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• 2004

Purpose: To identify the factors which are related to compensated low back pain disability. These include individual. workplace. economic and injury factors. Method: Data collection was performed at 13 office of Korea Labor Welfare Corporation and 29 hospitals from 23th June to 4th August 2003. This study used 212 workers with compensated low back pain. Result: From the bivariate analysis, industry kind, type of employment, rest schedule, Job control, compensation, payment of company, diagnosis, cause of occupational injury, duration of compensated low back pain, pattern of pain, operation, other injury is related to low back pain disability. From the multiple regression analysis, rest schedule, compensation, diagnosis, pattern of pain, other injury have statistically significant effect on the low back pain disability. Conclusion: In order to reduce low back pain disability, occupational rehabilitation nursing intervention is necessary to workers with compensated low back pain.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.262-277
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to define the effects of the roles played by the Doulas : one group educated on the conventional Lamaze method known to have effects on birth pang during delivery process and the other group educated both on Lamaze and therapeutic touch. On the various factors of delivery, and thereby, provide for some basic data to develop an effective nursing intervention to relieve women of their birth pang. 136 mothers who were hospitalized in a general hospital from June 13, 1998 to May 13, 1998 to May 13, 1999 to deliver their first babies were sampled to be divided into control group, test group I and test group II and thus be subject to interviews and observations. As for the tool of study, melzack's(1975) 'pain scale', McCaffery's(1972) and Mcrachlan's(1974) 'pain expression scales' and Spielberger's (1975) 'anxiety scale' were used. The preparatory educational programs consisted of 5week Lamaze method and therapeutic touch. The research, design was quasi-experimental, non equivalent, posttest only control group design. The collected data were processed using the SPSS/PC statistics software for frequencies, means and one-way Anova as well as Tukey HSD and Scheffe test as post hoc for individual comparison. Moreover, chi-square test was used to test the differences between groups, while Pearson's correlation coefficients were analyzed to determine the correlations between anxiety and variables. The findings are as follows ; 1. The birth pain of the mothers delivering first babies scored in a subjective and objective pain scale; 1) There was a significant difference of subjective birth pain at 8~10cm opening of cervix between control group and two test groups. 2) There was no significant difference of objective birth pain as per opening of cervex among three groups in terms of sweating, facial movement, bodily posture and vocal changes. 2. There was no significant difference of trait anxiety among three groups. however, there was a significant difference of state anxiety during labor process between control group and two test groups. On the other hand, all the three groups showed a significantly lower level of anxiety during labor process than when they were carried to the hospital. 3. There was a significant difference of the time of total and first-stage labor among three groups, while there was a significant but small difference of the time elapsed from 8~10cm cervix open to the full among three groups. 4. Two test groups showed a higher frequency of natural deliveries than the control group. 5. Two test groups were subject to these drugs than the control group. In conclusion, it was found that the test group I and II showed a shorter delivery time than the control group, a higher frequency of natural delivery and a lesser use of anodyne or epidural. In particular, this study is significant to develop a nursing intervention service or a therapeutic touch which the nursing administrators can apply to their hospitals in marketing programs.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.76-91
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• 2017

Background: Agricultural work is physically demanding and is associated with a high frequency of musculoskeletal disorders. It is challenging to comprehensively understand the present status of work-related diseases and injuries among farmers in underdeveloped countries. Objects: This study aimed to elucidate the current status of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in local farmers in Tigray, Ethiopia, and identify the agricultural factors associated work-related musculoskeletal pain (AFWMP) and healthy living and healthy behavior factors associated work-related musculoskeletal pain (HFWMP). Methods: The Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development at Yonsei University conducted a survey of 126 households in Tigray, Ethiopia in 2014. A total of 116 individuals (73 men, 43 women) representing each household answered the questionnaires. Results: 1) Work-related musculoskeletal pain (WMSP) most commonly occurred when performing heavy lifting and most frequently occurred in the lower back. 2) Age, self-perceived labor intensity, and months of farming work were significantly higher in the pain group than those in the non-pain group. 3) Overall work-related musculoskeletal pain intensity (WPI) showed positive and negative correlations with years of farming experience and self-perceived health status, respectively. 4) In binary logistic regression, the occurrence of WMSP showed significant associations with self-perceived labor intensity. 5) On multiple linear regression analysis, age, months of farming work, and self-perceived health status had a significant impact on overall WPI. Conclusion: The WMSP of farmers in Tigray, Ethiopia was related to the characteristics of farm working and health status. Furthermore, HFWMP and AFWMP were the chief factors affecting the occurrence of WMSP in farmers in Tigray. Therefore, both HFWMP and AFWMP should be considered for clinical health assessments of farmers with WMSP in underdeveloped African countries.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.225-235
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 임상간호사의 감정노동, 건강증진행위 및 월경전증후군과의 관계를 확인하고 월경전증후군에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위함이다. 본 연구는 C 지역에 위치한 1개의 상급 종합병원과 2개의 종합병원에 재직하고 있는 임상간호사 195명을 대상으로 수행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료 수집은 설문지를 이용하였으며, 자료수집 기간은 2017년 7월 3일부터 7월 21일 까지였다. 수집된 자료는 t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 대상자의 감정노동은 5점 만점에 $3.35{\pm}0.63$점, 건강증진행위는 4점 만점에 $2.08{\pm}0.40$점, 월경전증후군 정도는 6점 만점에 $2.94{\pm}1.09$점이었다. 월경전증후군은 감정노동(r=.292, p<.001), 건강증진행위 하부영역인 대인관계(r=.208, p=.004)와 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 월경전증후군에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인은 대인관계(${\beta}=.54$, p=.001), 감정노동(${\beta}=.40$, p=.001), 월경통 정도(${\beta}=.14$, p<.001)로 확인되었으며, 이들 변수들은 월경전증후군의 30.0%를 설명하였다(F=9.33, p<.001). 본 연구 결과를 통해 임상간호사의 월경전증후군을 감소시키기 위해서는 감정노동과 월경통을 감소시키고 대인관계 스트레스를 감소시킬 수 있는 중재 방안이 모색되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2022

Background: Nonobstetric surgery is sometimes required during pregnancy, and neck abscess or facial bone fracture surgery cannot be postponed in pregnant women. However, dental surgery can be stressful and can cause inflammation, and the inflammatory response is a well-known major cause of preterm labor. Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic commonly used for general anesthesia and sedation. Studies investigating the effect of propofol on human amnion are rare. The current study investigated the effects of propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human amnion-derived WISH cells. Methods: WISH cells were exposed to LPS for 24 h and co-treated with various concentrations of propofol (0.01-1 ㎍/ml). Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using a microassay based on the Griess reaction. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2), p38, and phospho-p38 was analyzed using western blotting. Results: Propofol did not affect the viability and NO production of WISH cells. Co-treatment with LPS and propofol reduced COX-2 and PGE₂ protein expression and inhibited p38 phosphorylation in WISH cells. Conclusion: Propofol does not affect the viability of WISH cells and inhibits LPS-induced expression of inflammatory factors. The inhibitory effect of propofol on inflammatory factor expression is likely mediated by the inhibition of p38 activation.