• Title/Summary/Keyword: PREVENTION AND HEALTH BEHAVIOR

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Effect of Self-care Education at a Diabetes Camp on Diabetes Management Behaviors, Knowledge and Self-efficacy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes (당뇨병 캠프의 자가간호 교육이 제1형 당뇨병 아동의 당뇨관리행위, 당뇨지식 및 당뇨관리 자아효능감에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Narae;Ahn, Youngmee;Lee, Ji Eun;Sohn, Min
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.168-175
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: Study purposes were to exam effects of self-care education for children with type 1 diabetes on their diabetes management behaviors and to explore the relationship among diabetes management behaviors, knowledge, self-efficacy and clinical variables. Methods: This study was a one group quasi-experimental study. Study participants were children with type 1 diabetes and attended a four hour self-care education of a diabetes camp. Data were collected using structured questionnaires including Diabetes Management Behavior Scale (DMBS), Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center's Brief Diabetes Knowledge Test and Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management. Results: The mean age of the participants was 12 (${\pm}2.3$) years. After the education, their DMBS and knowledge improved, but the improvement was not statistically significant (t=1.758, p=.101; t=0.528, p=.606). Two areas of DMBS, daily prevention behaviors and modification of care plan, were associated with study variables. Daily prevention behaviors were associated with duration of diabetes (r=.653, p=.008), HbA1c (r=.563, p=.038) and having a complication (r=-2.788, p=.015). Modification of care plan was associated with age at diagnosis (r=-.552, p=.033). Conclusion: Children with type 1 diabetes could improve some parts of their diabetes management behaviors even after a short diabetes camp.

Effect of 1 Year E-mail Nutrition Education after Face-to-Face Encounter at Worksite: Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors (면대면 영양교육 후 1년간의 E-mail 영양교육이 직장인 남성의 심혈관 질환 위험인자 감소에 미치는 효과)

  • Oh, Hye-Sun;Jang, Mi;Hwang, Myung-Ok;Cho, Sang-Woon;Paek, Yun-Mi;Choi, Tae-In;Park, Yoo-Kyoung
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.559-566
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    • 2009
  • Effective nutrition educations for prevention of chronic diseases for the general population are of great importance these days. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of nutrition education for cardiovascular risk factor reduction by e-mail education in male workers. The participants were divided into three groups by age; 28-39 age group, 40-49 age group, and 50-59 age group who got regular checkups for anthropometry and biochemistry. The 1 year program consisted of 15 topics containing information about metabolic syndrome (MS) and healthy eating behavior (intake of salt, fat and alcohol). Seven hundred thirty nine participants volunteered for the study [28-39 age group, n = 240; body mass index (BMI) = 24.9 $\pm$ 2.7 kg/m$^2$: 40' group, n = 276; BMI = 24.8 $\pm$ 2.6 kg/m$^2$: 50' group, n = 223; BMI = 24.9 $\pm$ 2.7 kg/m$^2$]. Percentage body fat (p < 0.05) and percentage of abdominal fat (p < 0.05), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased in all participants after the 1 year program. The total number of participants who had MS was decreased from 216 to 199 and especially the incidence of MS was decreased 27% in the group of subjects who were under the age 39. The e-mail worksite nutrition education program shows a substantial contribution to the development of effective CVD and chronic disease control and lifestyle nutrition educations that are applicable to and attractive for the large population at risk.

The Association Between Socioeconomic Changes and Adolescent Mental Health After COVID-19 Pandemic (코로나19이후 사회 경제적 변화와 청소년 정신건강의 연관성)

  • Kim, Hi-Ju;Kim, Min-Hyuk;Min, Seongho;Lee, Jinhee
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2022
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate depression and suicide ideation according to socioeconomic changes after COVID-19 among Korean adolescent. Methods : Data on the study population were obtained from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS). The KYRBS is a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents (aged 12-18 years) that originally included over 103 questions in 15 domains of health-risk behaviors. In the 16th KYRBS, a total 54,948 students from 793 schools responded to the survey. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted regarding depression and suicide ideation. Results : This study suggests that changes in the family household before and after COVID-19 pandemic are also affecting the mental health of the adolescents. The study shows that worse change of family household is significant associations with suicidal ideation and depression. Adolescents reporting worse (AOR 1.38; 95% CI 1.38-1.57) and much worse (AOR 2.07; 95% CI 1.87-2.29) were significantly more likely to report depression. Adolescents reporting worse (AOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.34-1.60) and much worse (AOR 2.01; 95% CI 1.76-2.29) were significantly more likely to report suicide ideation. Conclusions : In this study, it was confirmed that young people from socially disadvantaged backgrounds are at high risk of suicide ideation and more depression. The results of this study suggest that we should consider improving the screening and prevention of mental health problems for adolescents with poor socioeconomic changes of COVID-19.

A Study on the Oral Health Awareness and Behavior of Higher Graders in Elementary School (초등학교 고학년 학생의 구강보건 인식 및 태도에 관한 조사)

  • Kim, Young-Kyung;Jung, Jae-Yeon;Han, Su-Jin
    • Journal of dental hygiene science
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.45-50
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    • 2003
  • In order to develop the program of oral hygiene education for elementary school senior-students, a questionnaire survey of elementary fourth, fifth and sixth students who are under continual control program of oral hygiene. (1) For tooth brushing time, after dinner is more than before. 73.7% of respondents brushed the teeth twice or more a day. (2) 62.1% of respondents took the cariogenic food twice or more a day. (3) 90.1% of respondents had visited a dental clinic. (4) Concerning fear for dental treatment, only 14.4% had a feeling of fear. (5) Regarding the experience with a preventive treatment, 39.7% had an experience with pit and fissure sealing, and 24.2% had an experience with the application of fluorides. (6) 46.2% of respondents had a preference for the fluoride mouth rinsing program, and 38.4% wanted that program to keep going on. As to the reason to favor the fluoride mouth rinsing program, 38.2% preferred it because of prevention of dental caries, and 43.0%, the largest percentage, didn't favor it because they found it too much trouble to do. (7) Comparing with the research result in 2000, we proved positively the educational effect of brushing frequency, positive understanding and preference to water school fluoridation program, and got the negative data of experience of visiting to oral clinic and preventive treatment.

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Development and application of prediction model of hyperlipidemia using SVM and meta-learning algorithm (SVM과 meta-learning algorithm을 이용한 고지혈증 유병 예측모형 개발과 활용)

  • Lee, Seulki;Shin, Taeksoo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.111-124
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    • 2018
  • This study aims to develop a classification model for predicting the occurrence of hyperlipidemia, one of the chronic diseases. Prior studies applying data mining techniques for predicting disease can be classified into a model design study for predicting cardiovascular disease and a study comparing disease prediction research results. In the case of foreign literatures, studies predicting cardiovascular disease were predominant in predicting disease using data mining techniques. Although domestic studies were not much different from those of foreign countries, studies focusing on hypertension and diabetes were mainly conducted. Since hypertension and diabetes as well as chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, are also of high importance, this study selected hyperlipidemia as the disease to be analyzed. We also developed a model for predicting hyperlipidemia using SVM and meta learning algorithms, which are already known to have excellent predictive power. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we used data set from Korea Health Panel 2012. The Korean Health Panel produces basic data on the level of health expenditure, health level and health behavior, and has conducted an annual survey since 2008. In this study, 1,088 patients with hyperlipidemia were randomly selected from the hospitalized, outpatient, emergency, and chronic disease data of the Korean Health Panel in 2012, and 1,088 nonpatients were also randomly extracted. A total of 2,176 people were selected for the study. Three methods were used to select input variables for predicting hyperlipidemia. First, stepwise method was performed using logistic regression. Among the 17 variables, the categorical variables(except for length of smoking) are expressed as dummy variables, which are assumed to be separate variables on the basis of the reference group, and these variables were analyzed. Six variables (age, BMI, education level, marital status, smoking status, gender) excluding income level and smoking period were selected based on significance level 0.1. Second, C4.5 as a decision tree algorithm is used. The significant input variables were age, smoking status, and education level. Finally, C4.5 as a decision tree algorithm is used. In SVM, the input variables selected by genetic algorithms consisted of 6 variables such as age, marital status, education level, economic activity, smoking period, and physical activity status, and the input variables selected by genetic algorithms in artificial neural network consist of 3 variables such as age, marital status, and education level. Based on the selected parameters, we compared SVM, meta learning algorithm and other prediction models for hyperlipidemia patients, and compared the classification performances using TP rate and precision. The main results of the analysis are as follows. First, the accuracy of the SVM was 88.4% and the accuracy of the artificial neural network was 86.7%. Second, the accuracy of classification models using the selected input variables through stepwise method was slightly higher than that of classification models using the whole variables. Third, the precision of artificial neural network was higher than that of SVM when only three variables as input variables were selected by decision trees. As a result of classification models based on the input variables selected through the genetic algorithm, classification accuracy of SVM was 88.5% and that of artificial neural network was 87.9%. Finally, this study indicated that stacking as the meta learning algorithm proposed in this study, has the best performance when it uses the predicted outputs of SVM and MLP as input variables of SVM, which is a meta classifier. The purpose of this study was to predict hyperlipidemia, one of the representative chronic diseases. To do this, we used SVM and meta-learning algorithms, which is known to have high accuracy. As a result, the accuracy of classification of hyperlipidemia in the stacking as a meta learner was higher than other meta-learning algorithms. However, the predictive performance of the meta-learning algorithm proposed in this study is the same as that of SVM with the best performance (88.6%) among the single models. The limitations of this study are as follows. First, various variable selection methods were tried, but most variables used in the study were categorical dummy variables. In the case with a large number of categorical variables, the results may be different if continuous variables are used because the model can be better suited to categorical variables such as decision trees than general models such as neural networks. Despite these limitations, this study has significance in predicting hyperlipidemia with hybrid models such as met learning algorithms which have not been studied previously. It can be said that the result of improving the model accuracy by applying various variable selection techniques is meaningful. In addition, it is expected that our proposed model will be effective for the prevention and management of hyperlipidemia.

Clustering of Metabolic Risk Factors and Its Related Risk Factors in Young Schoolchildren (초등학교 저학년 어린이에서의 대사위험요인 군집의 분포와 관련 위험요인)

  • Kong, Kyoung-Ae;Park, Bo-Hyun;Min, Jung-Won;Hong, Ju-Hee;Hong, Young-Sun;Lee, Bo-Eun;Chang, Nam-Soo;Lee, Sun-Hwa;Ha, Eun-Hee;Park, Hye-Sook
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.235-242
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    • 2006
  • Objectives: We wanted to determine the distribution of the clustering of the metabolic risk factors and we wanted to evaluate the related factors in young schoolchildren. Methods: A cross-sectional study of metabolic syndrome was conducted in an elementary school in Seoul, Korea. We evaluated fasting glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, blood pressures and the body mass index, and we used parent-reported questionnaires to assess the potential risk factors in 261 children (136 boys, 125 girls). We defined the metabolic risk factors as obesity or at risk for obesity ($\geqq$ 85th percentile for age and gender), a systolic or diastolic blood pressure at $\geqq90th$ percentile for age and gender, fasting glucose at $\geqq110mg/dl$, triglyceride at $\geqq110mg/dl$ and HDL cholesterol at $\leqq40mg/dl$. Results: There were 15.7% of the subjects who showed clustering of two or more metabolic risk factors, 2.3% of the subjects who showed clustering for three or more risk factors, and 0.8% of the subjects who showed clustering for four or more risk factors. A multivariate analysis revealed that a father smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day, a mother with a body mass index of = $25kg/m^2$, and the child eating precooked or frozen food more than once per day were associated with clustering of two or more components, with the odds ratios of 3.61 (95% CI=1.24-10.48), 5.50 (95% CI=1.39-21.73) and 8.04 (95% CI=1.67-38.81), respectively. Conclusions: This study shows that clustering of the metabolic risk factors is present in young schoolchildren in Korea, with the clustering being associated with parental smoking and obesity as well as the child's eating behavior. These results suggest that evaluation of metabolic risk factors and intervention for lifestyle factors may be needed in both young Korean children and their parents.

The Comparison of Physical Parent Characteristics and Behavior Characteristic between Girls of Precocious Puberty and Girls of Normal Development (성조숙증 여아와 정상 발달 여아의 신체상 부모특성 및 행동특성 비교)

  • Moon, Woo-Jin;Hwang, Man-Ki;Shim, Jung-Yeun;Kim, Hee-Tae
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.653-662
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to provide basic data for the prevention and management of precocious puberty by investigating the relevance of physical parents characteristics and behavioral characteristics of girls with precocious puberty. The research period was June 1, 2016 to February 25, 2017. The subjects were 312 girls matched depending on gender and age which were composed of 104 female patients of precocious puberty visiting H oriental medicine clinic and S one in Seoul, 104 girls of A control group and 104 girls of B control group attending elementary school in gun. A total of 312 of each group were compared though t-test, $X^2$-test, and ANOVA to examine the physical parent characteristics and behavioral characteristics between girls with precocious puberty and normal girls, after which influence factors for precocious puberty were analyzed through multinomial logistic regression. The main influencing factor was found to be the height of their own and mothers' menarcheal age in terms of body and parent characteristics. Other factors influencing behavioral characteristics included the frequency of meat intake and eating-out in terms of eating habits. Additionally, watching TV, hours of using smart phone and number of private institute girls attending were also found to be influencing factors. Thus, interest in school and society in increasing precocious puberty in girls is important and extensive investigation of the causes and frequency of precocious puberty is necessary.

Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of Young Women according to Breakfast Frequency in Seoul (서울 거주 20대 여성의 아침식사 섭취 빈도에 따른 식습관 및 영양소 섭취상태 조사)

  • Kim, Da-Mee;Kim, Youl-Ri;Kim, Kyung-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.102-115
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: Although breakfast is important to nutrition balance, prevention of overeating, and weight control, people in their 20s (males: 55.1%, females: 49.9%) were reported to have the highest rate of skipping breakfast in 2016 Korea Health Statistics. This study aims to examine dietary habits and nutrient intake depending on breakfast frequency among young women in Seoul. Methods: The subjects were 655 young women in Seoul from August to October 2016, and the survey was performed by using a questionnaire that included general characteristics, dietary habits, and eating behavior. Body composition was determined by bioelectric impedance analysis. Nutritional status was examined by the 24-hour recall method. Results: The participants were classified by breakfast intake frequency; '${\geq}5times/week$ (n=160)', '1-4 times/week (n=327)', and 'breakfast skipping (n=168)'. The 'breakfast skipping' group had lower frequency and regularity of meals. In addition, the 'breakfast skipping' group had a higher frequency of eating-out and late-night meals. There was no difference in total calories between the 'breakfast skipping' group and other groups, but the 'breakfast skipping' group had significantly low carbohydrate and fiber intakes. The participants showed lower intakes of calories, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, niacin, folic acid, calcium, potassium, and zinc in comparison with recommended intakes. Especially, the 'breakfast skipping' group had significantly lower fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, potassium levels compared to the '${\geq}5times/week$' group. For Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR), the 'breakfast skipping' group recorded a ratio of 0.60, which was lower than those of other groups. Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) including fiber, vitamin C, calcium and phosphorus were significantly lower in the breakfast skipper group, compared to the breakfast eater group. Conclusions: The 'breakfast skipping' group showed low regularity of meals and a high frequency of eating-out and late-night meals. The breakfast regular eater group showed high intake of micronutrients and quality of meals was high in general. Skipping breakfast could lower nutrient intake and quality of meals, which requires attention.

Study of Jindo Dog Personality Traits:Questionnaire of The 16th Korean Jindo Dog Show (진도개 성격형질연구:제16회 한국진도개품평회 설문조사)

  • Hong, Kyung-Won;Kim, Young-San;Shin, Young-Bin;Oh, Seok-Il;Kim, Jong-Seok;Choi, Hyuk;Lee, Ji-Woong;Sun, Sang-Soo;Lee, Jae-Il;Lee, Sang-Eun;Chung, Dong-Hee;Cho, Yong-Min;Im, Seok-Ki;Choi, Bong-Hwan
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.273-278
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    • 2008
  • There have been studies about dog’s personality and behavior, which is helpful to breed dogs as guide or companion. In this study, a questionnaire was developed using 54 Jindo dogs, which considered ten items about aggressiveness and sociability. The scores were analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA), after accounting for four variables: age, gender, growing place, and coat-colors. Our results from the PCA indicated three principle components, which classified ‘aggressiveness’, ‘sociability’ and unknown factor. The four variables did not significantly affect aggressiveness(P>0.05). However, there was a relationship between coat-color and sociability, i.e., the Jindo dogs with fawn color were more sociable than the white ones(P<0.1).

Water intake and oral disease symptoms in adolescents : a cross-sectional study conducted in Korea in 2021 (우리나라 청소년의 수분 섭취에 따른 구강질환 증상 : 2021년 청소년온라인행태조사 자료를 이용한 단면연구)

  • So-Yeong Kim;Sun-A Lim
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.343-350
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: Water constitutes a majority of the human body and is essential for health. In addition, water intake can prevent dental caries by improving salivary lubrication and self-cleaning. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the amount of daily water intake and the symptoms of oral disease in Korean adolescents. Methods: We used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), conducted in Korea in 2021, and identified the relationship between daily water intake and oral disease symptoms in Korean adolescents. KYRBS is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), and a total of 54,848 participants were included in this study. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis showed that tooth pain was more often experienced by those who drank less than two cups of water per day (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.30) than those who drank five or more cups of water per day. Conclusions: A low daily water intake is associated with tooth pain, a symptom of dental caries. The results of our study suggest that increasing water intake may reduce dental caries. Therefore, adequate water intake may help prevent dental caries.