• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.4137-4146
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• 2015

시스템의 규모와 요구기능은 점점 대형화되고 복잡해지고 있다. 이러한 시스템 개발 프로젝트의 성공적인 수행을 위해서는 프로세스에 따른 체계적인 시스템공학(SE)과 프로젝트관리(PM) 활동이 요구되고 있다. 시스템 개발 조직에서는 SE&PM 프로세스 개선 및 능력평가 모델인 CMMI를 채택하여 SE&PM 능력 확보에 노력하고 있으며, 이를 위해 조직의 비즈니스 특성에 맞는 조직 표준 프로세스를 구축하여 적용하고 있다. 하지만 시스템 개발조직 현장에서는 CMMI 프로세스영역 간 상호연관성에 대한 충분한 이해부족으로 조직 프로세스 구축에 어려움이 따르고 있다. 또한 SE와 PM활동은 시스템 개발에 있어서 상호 밀접하게 연관되어 있기 때문에 SE와 PM 프로세스는 상호 통합 및 연계성이 확보되어야만 효과적이고 효율적인 프로젝트 수행이 될 것이다. 본 논문에서는 시스템 개발 조직에서 CMMI 기반 조직 프로세스 구축에 참조되고 활용될 수 있는 조직의 SE&PM 통합 프로세스 아키텍처를 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2013

공정능력을 측정하고 분석하기 위하여 공정능력지수가 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 흔히 품질수준은 공정능력지수들에 의해 측정된다. 세 가지 공정능력지수 $C_p$, $C_{pk}$, $C_{pm}$들은 품질 현장에서 프로세스 성과를 평가하는 데 널리 유용하게 사용되는 바, 이들 추정량들의 상관관계를 보다 명확하게 규명, 연구하여 적절히 활용할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 공정표본이 정규분포에 따를 때 이러한 지수들의 추정량들에 대한 점근적 상관성을 연구하였다. 제2절에서는 공정능력지수 $C_p$, $C_{pk}$, $C_{pm}$들을 정의하여 기본적인 관계를 설명하였고, 제3절에서는 단일변량 정규공정하에서의 점근적인 상관계수를 구체적으로 계산, 규명하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 이용하여 보다 정확한 공정능력지수들의 상관관계를 통해 필요한 분석을 수행하는 것이 바람직할 것이다.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 1998년도 The 12th Asia Quality Management Symposium* Total Quality Management for Restoring Competitiveness
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• pp.594-609
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• 1998

In this dissertation, a new process capability index $C_{psk}$ is introduced for non-normal process. The Pearson curve and the Johnson curve are selected for capability index calculation and data modeling the normal-based index $C_{psk}$ is used as the model for non-normal process. A significant result of this research find that the ranking of the seven indices, $C_p,\;C_{pk},\;C_{pm},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pmk},\;C_s,\;C_{psk}$ in terms of sensitivity to departure of the process median from the target value T=M from the most sensitive one up to the least sensitive are $C_{psk},\;C_{s},\;C_{pmk},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pm},\;C_{pk},\;C_p$. i.e, By the criteria adopted for evaluation of PCI's $C_{psk}$ is the most sensitive to the departure of the process median from target and $C_p$ is least

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1998

This study was conducted to assess the characteristics of plgment wastewater and the removal rates of appropriate treatment by physical, chemical and biological Process, and the possibility of reuse for effluent. Based on the results, the wastewater qualities of pigment were pH 5.1$\pm$3.4, temperature 43.0$\pm$ 15.$0^{\circ}C$, BOD 1,431.4$\pm$589.6mg/l, COD 2,282.8$\pm$466.5mg/l, turbidity 1,340$\pm$820NTU, color 243.0$\pm$147.0unit, Pb 36.5$\pm$9.5mg/l and $Cr^+6$ 10.3$\pm$ 1.3mg/l, respectively. The removal rates of adsorption by activated carbon and filter process were BOD 40.6% , COD 57.0% , turbidity 89.6%, color 87.2%, Pb 86.0% and $Cr^+6$ 10.6%, respectively. And the removal rates of reduction, neutralization, coagulation and aP floatation process were BOD 18.2%, COD 24.3%, turbidity 74.3%, color 56.7%, Pb 68.6% and $Cr^+6$ 97.8%, respectively. The removal rates of activated sludge process were BOD 95.9%, COD 86.0%, turbidity 27.8%, color 25. 2%. Pb 26.9% and $Cr^+6$ 50.0% , respectively. The total removal rates of treatment by physical, chemical and biological process were BOD 98.0% , COD 95.4%, turbidity 98.1%, color 95.8%, Pb 97.0% and $Cr^+6$ 99.0%, respectively. According to the test results for possibility of reuse with coagulation-adsorption by activated carbon process of effluent, COD was higher than that of raw water and others were similar to that of raw water thus, it Is considered to be reused.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2013

본 연구는 당근(Daucus carota var. sativa) 가공방법 중 현재 주로 사용되고 있는 기계적 마쇄 공정으로 인하여 파괴되는 영양소의 손실을 최소화하기 위하여 식물 세포벽에 존재하는 불용성 물질인 protopectin을 가수분해하여 수용성 물질인 pectin으로 전환시키는 효소인 protopectinase를 이용하여 세포의 막을 보존하고 세포 안에 존재하는 영양소의 손실의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 당근의 회수율을 측정한 결과 효소처리군과 마쇄 공정 처리군을 비교하였을 때 효소처리군의 회수율은 81%, 잔사율은 19%을 보인 반면, 마쇄처리군은 회수율 56%, 잔사율 44%를 보여 약 20% 정도의 회수율 차이를 보였다. 이는 가공 후 수율 및 폐기량에서 많은 차이를 보일 것으로 판단된다. 당근의 효소 처리군과 마쇄 처리군의 성분 변화를 비교하기 위하여 당근의 주요성분인 ${\beta}$-carotene의 함량 변화를 측정한 결과 protection factor(PF) 각각 $2.2{\pm}0.2$ PF, $1.4{\pm}0.4$ PF의 차이를 보였으며, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 $89{\pm}3.42{\mu}g/g$, $64{\pm}4.16{\mu}g/g$, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 $68{\pm}2.73\mu}g/g$, $41{\pm}3.26{\mu}g/g$을 보임으로써 세포막의 보존으로 인한 영양소의 파괴가 기계적 마쇄 처리군에 비하여 덜 발생한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 두 처리군의 항산화력을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH radical 소거능과 hydroxyl radical 소거능, 아질산염 소거능을 측정하였으며 DPPH radical 소거능은 1,000 ppm에서 $87{\pm}0.29%$, $74{\pm}1.56%$로 약 13%의 DPPH radical 소거능을 보였고, hydroxyl radical 소거능 결과 10,000 ppm에서 $44{\pm}0.49%$와 $32{\pm}0.48%$로 약 12%의 hydroxyl radical 소거능을 보였다. 아질산염 소거능 측정 결과 1,000 ppm에서 $59{\pm}0.53%$와 $46{\pm}0.62%$로 약 13% 높은 아질산염 소거능을 보였다. 이는 protopectinase 효소 처리로 인한 세포막의 보존이 가공 중 발생되는 영양소의 손실을 줄임과 동시에 당근이 가지고 있는 항산화 물질들을 보존하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2016

공정이 특정 허용범위 내에서 생산을 할 수 있는 지 여부를 결정하는 데 공정능력지수가 사용된다. 공정능력지수 $C_p$, $C_{pk}$ 그리고 $C_{pm}$ 등은 공정의 현황을 추적할 수 있는 활용성이 높은 관리도구로서 특별한 관심을 가진다. 대부분 공정능력지수에 대한 계산결과는 통계적 추정과 가설검정에 초점을 맞춘다. 따라서 $C_p$, $C_{pk}$ 그리고 $C_{pm}$의 추정치 ${\hat{C}}_p$, ${\hat{C}}_{pk}$ 그리고 ${\hat{C}}_{pm}$ 사이의 점근적 성질을 조사하는 것이 의미가 있을 것이다. 이 논문에서는 BN(${\mu}_x,{\mu}_y,{\sigma}^2_x,{\sigma}^2_y,{\rho}$) 하에서 세 가지 추정치 ${\hat{C}}_p$, ${\hat{C}}_{pk}$ 그리고 ${\hat{C}}_{pm}$ 간의 점근적 상관관계를 연구한다. 비정규성을 가진 공정에서는 두 종류의 공정능력지수 간에 상관관계를 정립할 수 있을 것이다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.597-604
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• 2020

In the present study, the application of sequential biological and photocatalytic process was evaluated as a feasible process for the degradation of imidacloprid (IMI) in soil. Photocatalysis was carried out as a post and pre-treatment to the biological process as Microbial Photocatalytic (MP) and Photocatalytic Microbial (PM), respectively, to enhance the degradation and mineralization of IMI in soil. By both the processes, there was an enhancement in the percentage degradation of IMI i.e 86.2% for PM and 94.6% for MP process. The obtained results indicate that MP process is apparently more efficient in degradation of IMI which was observed with 15 days of biological treatment followed by 18 h of photocatalytic degradation (15 d + 18 h). The present work also reveals that though the difference in terms of the degradation of IMI after 5 d + 18 h, 10 d + 18 h & 15 d+ 18 h of MP process is not drastic, yet significant variation has been observed in terms of mineralization that truly signifies the removal of IMI from the soil. The LC analysis has shown that the intermediates formed during MP process are more and smaller in comparison to PM process, which further provides evidence that MP process is better than PM process for effective degradation of IMI in soil.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.637-652
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• 2022

In this study, the contributions of emissions (foreign and domestic) and atmospheric physical and chemical processes to PM_2.5 concentrations were evaluated during a high PM_2.5 episode (March 24-26, 2018) observed on the Jeju Island in the spring of 2018. These analyses were performed using the community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) modeling system using the brute-force method and integrated process rate (IPR) analysis, respectively. The contributions of domestic emissions from South Korea (41-45%) to PM_2.5 on the Jeju Island were lower than those (81-89%) of long-range transport (LRT) from China. The substantial contribution of LRT was also confirmed in conjunction with the air mass trajectory analysis, indicating that the frequency of airflow from China (58-62% of all trajectories) was higher than from other regions (28-32%) (e.g., South Korea). These results imply that compared to domestic emissions, emissions from China have a stronger impact than domestic emissions on the high PM_2.5 concentrations in the study area. From the IPR analysis, horizontal transport contributed substantially to PM_2.5 concentrations were dominant in most of the areas of the Jeju Island during the high PM_2.5 episode, while the aerosol process and vertical transport in the southern areas largely contributed to higher PM_2.5 concentrations.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.415-427
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree and pattern of knowledge management process, and to identify the relationship between knowledge management process and organizational effectiveness in clinical nurses. Method: Participants were 665 regular clinical nurses who had worked for over 1 year in general units of 9 tertiary medical hospitals including 2 national university hospitals, 5 university hospitals, and 2 hospitals founded by business enterprises. Data were collected from March to May 2003 through questionnaires. Four structured instruments were used to collect the data: Knowledge Management Process Scale(Jeong, Lee, Lee, & Kim, 2003), cCommitment Questionnaire(Mowday, Steers, & Porter, 1979), General Satisfaction Scale(CooK, Hepworth, Wall, & Warr, 1981), and one for general characteristics. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, correlation analysis with the SPSS for Windows 10.0 program. Result: 1) The average score for knowledge management process in nurses was $3.08{\pm}.54$ on a 5-point Likert scale. In order from highest mean score, the elements of knowledge management process, were Knowledge $Utilization(3.35{\pm}.57)$, Knowledge $Sharing(3.07{\pm}.58)$, Knowledge $Creation(2.99{\pm}.63)$, and Knowledge $Storage(2.91{\pm}.82)$. 2) Four knowledge management patterns for nurses, which were derived from cluster analysis, were inactivate pattern, delayed pattern, activate pattern, and high-activate pattern of knowledge management. 3) The degree of knowledge management process activation and 4 elements of knowledge management process, Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Storage, Knowledge Sharing, and Knowledge Utilization, were significantly correlated with nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction(p=.000). 4) The nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction showed significant differences according to the knowledge management patterns derived from cluster analysis of high-activate pattern, activate pattern, delayed pattern, inactivate pattern(p=.000). Conclusion: These results suggest that there are four knowledge management patterns for nurses, and knowledge management process positively affects the nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. From the above findings, knowledge management process is empirically verified as a useful and effective method to increase organizational effectiveness, and develop the organization.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.203-204
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• 2006

There is an increasing demand for PM-processes with the capability to produce parts of higher complexity than with conventional press and sinter technology in high production numbers. Warm-flow-compaction (WFC) makes use of improved flowability of powders when blended in an appropriate ratio with fine powder fractions and lubricating binders. Here the process is shown with examples of PM-Steels. General features possible with the process like pressing of undercuts and threaded bores are shown.