• Title/Summary/Keyword: PLOS

Search Result 12, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

Inferring Pedestrian Level of Service for Pathways through Electrodermal Activity Monitoring

  • Lee, Heejung;Hwang, Sungjoo
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
    • /
    • 2022.06a
    • /
    • pp.1247-1248
    • /
    • 2022
  • Due to rapid urbanization and population growth, it has become crucial to analyze the various volumes and characteristics of pedestrian pathways to understand the capacity and level of service (LOS) for pathways to promote a better walking environment. Different indicators have been developed to measure pedestrian volume. The pedestrian level of service (PLOS), tailored to analyze pedestrian pathways based on the concept of the LOS in transportation in the Highway Capacity Manual, has been widely used. PLOS is a measurement concept used to assess the quality of pedestrian facilities, from grade A (best condition) to grade F (worst condition), based on the flow rate, average speed, occupied space, and other parameters. Since the original PLOS approach has been criticized for producing idealistic results, several modified versions of PLOS have also been developed. One of these modified versions is perceived PLOS, which measures the LOS for pathways by considering pedestrians' awareness levels. However, this method relies on survey-based measurements, making it difficult to continuously deploy the technique to all the pathways. To measure PLOS more quantitatively and continuously, researchers have adopted computer vision technologies to automatically assess pedestrian flows and PLOS from CCTV videos. However, there are drawbacks even with this method because CCTVs cannot be installed everywhere, e.g., in alleyways. Recently, a technique to monitor bio-signals, such as electrodermal activity (EDA), through wearable sensors that can measure physiological responses to external stimuli (e.g., when another pedestrian passes), has gained popularity. It has the potential to continuously measure perceived PLOS. In their previous experiment, the authors of this study found that there were many significant EDA responses in crowded places when other pedestrians acting as external stimuli passed by. Therefore, we hypothesized that the EDA responses would be significantly higher in places where relatively more dynamic objects pass, i.e., in crowded areas with low PLOS levels (e.g., level F). To this end, the authors conducted an experiment to confirm the validity of EDA in inferring the perceived PLOS. The EDA of the subjects was measured and analyzed while watching both the real-world and virtually created videos with different pedestrian volumes in a laboratory environment. The results showed the possibility of inferring the amount of pedestrian volume on the pathways by measuring the physiological reactions of pedestrians. Through further validation, the research outcome is expected to be used for EDA-based continuous measurement of perceived PLOS at the alley level, which will facilitate modifying the existing walking environments, e.g., constructing pathways with appropriate effective width based on pedestrian volume. Future research will examine the validity of the integrated use of EDA and acceleration signals to increase the accuracy of inferring the perceived PLOS by capturing both physiological and behavioral reactions when walking in a crowded area.

  • PDF

A Study on the Data Availability Statements of Researchers Affiliated with Korean Institutions: Focusing on the PLOS ONE (국내 기관 소속 연구자의 데이터 가용성 진술 (Data Availability Statements) 현황 연구: PLOS ONE 학술지를 중심으로)

  • Byoung-Goon An;Jeayeon Byun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
    • /
    • v.40 no.1
    • /
    • pp.225-258
    • /
    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status and characteristics of research data sharing by domestic researchers by analyzing the data sharing mechanism and repository specified in DAS of papers authored by domestic researchers. To this end, in this study, papers of researchers belonging to domestic institutions published in PLOS ONE from 2014 to 2022 were selected as the subject of the study. First of all, the status of DAS's existence in the papers was identified, the types of data-sharing mechanisms were analyzed using precedent studies, and the trend of changes in each data-sharing mechanism over time was investigated. As a result, it was found that DAS was written in 99.6% of the target papers, and the types of data-sharing mechanisms were similar to international patterns, but preferred types were changing over time. Afterward, focusing on repositories among data sharing mechanisms, the number and ratio of repositories mentioned in DAS were identified, and the trend of changes in use of the five repositories mentioned a lot was analyzed in a time series. In addition, the presentation method, type, and validity of the data access point mentioned along with the repository were also investigated. It was confirmed that the top five frequently mentioned repositories account for 60% of all repository mentions, and the use of a repository dealing with data codes is increasing; in addition, it was found that most of the data access points presented with the repository were valid.

The Effects of the Bridge Exercise with the Sensory Feedback of Combined Abdominal Drawing-in on Transverse Abdominal and Balance in Patients with Stroke (감각피드백을 이용한 복부 드로잉-인을 결합한 교각 운동이 뇌졸중 환자의 배가로근과 균형에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Gui-Bin
    • PNF and Movement
    • /
    • v.17 no.1
    • /
    • pp.19-29
    • /
    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study was an investigation of the effects of the bridge exercise with the sensory feedback of combined abdominal drawing-in on transverse abdominal and balance in patients with stroke. Methods: Forty subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the bridge exercise group (BG, n = 20) or feedback drawing-in bridge exercise group (FDBG, n = 20) were studied for 30 minutes each, twice daily, for four weeks. Outcomes were measured using affected weight distribution (AWD), anterior limit of stability (ALOS), posterior limit of stability (PLOS), timed up-and-go test (TUG), the Berg balance scale (BBS), and transverse abdominis thickness (TRA) before and after the four-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects in the FDBG pre-intervention and post-intervention in AWD, ALOS, PLOS, TUG, BBS, and TRA. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the bridge exercise with sensory feedback combined with abdominal drawing-in could be beneficial for patients with stroke in terms of transverse abdominal and balance.

An Analysis of influencing factors to perceived LOS of Drivers in Urban Arterial (도시부 간선도로 운전자의 인식서비스수준에 대한 영향요인분석)

  • Kim, Tae-Ho;Lee, Yong-Taeck;Ko, Jun-Ho
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
    • /
    • v.10 no.4
    • /
    • pp.65-77
    • /
    • 2008
  • LOS(Level of Service) concept are popularly used in many countries as the MOEs to evaluate the road construction and operation plans. However, MOEs such as travel time and delay only measure quantitative factors describing traffic flow, although qualitative factors such as scenic, comfort and reliable factors are very important for roadway drivers to define the LOS. Therefore, this paper are focusing on verifying the difference between perceived LOS and LOS in KHCM, and proving qualitative factors affecting Drivers' Perceived LOS in Urban Arterial. As a result, following outputs are obtained; (1) verifying the difference between perceived LOS(PLOS) and LOS in KHCM (2) proving that qualitative factors such as scenic and driver behavior factors affects PLOS (3) suggesting that qualitative factors should be considered in MOEs of LOS

  • PDF

Named Entity Recognition and Dictionary Construction for Korean Title: Books, Movies, Music and TV Programs (한국어 제목 개체명 인식 및 사전 구축: 도서, 영화, 음악, TV프로그램)

  • Park, Yongmin;Lee, Jae Sung
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
    • /
    • v.3 no.7
    • /
    • pp.285-292
    • /
    • 2014
  • A named entity recognition method is used to improve the performance of information retrieval systems, question answering systems, machine translation systems and so on. The targets of the named entity recognition are usually PLOs (persons, locations and organizations). They are usually proper nouns or unregistered words, and traditional named entity recognizers use these characteristics to find out named entity candidates. The titles of books, movies and TV programs have different characteristics than PLO entities. They are sometimes multiple phrases, one sentence, or special characters. This makes it difficult to find the named entity candidates. In this paper we propose a method to quickly extract title named entities from news articles and automatically build a named entity dictionary for the titles. For the candidates identification, the word phrases enclosed with special symbols in a sentence are firstly extracted, and then verified by the SVM with using feature words and their distances. For the classification of the extracted title candidates, SVM is used with the mutual information of word contexts.

The Effects of Neck Stabilization Exercise and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Neck Alignment, NDI, and Static Balance in Adults with Forward-head Posture in a Sitting Position (앉은 자세에서의 목안정화운동과 PNF 목 패턴이 거북목증후군 성인의 목 정렬, 목 장애지수 및 정적균형에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Gui-Bin;Kim, Jwa-Jun;Kim, Kyu-Ryeong;Kim, Geun-Young
    • PNF and Movement
    • /
    • v.18 no.1
    • /
    • pp.11-22
    • /
    • 2020
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of neck stabilization exercise with PNF for neck alignment, neck disability index, and sitting balance in adults with forward-head posture. Methods: Forty participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in the neck stabilization exercise group (NSG, n = 20) and the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation neck pattern exercise group (PNFG, n = 20) were studied 30 minutes a day three times a week for four weeks. Outcomes were measured using cranial vertical angle (CVA), the Korean version of the neck disability index (KNDI), anterior limit of stability (ALOS), and posterior limit of stability (PLOS) before and after the intervention period. Results: There were significant effects in the CVA and the KNDI of both groups pre- and post-intervention. There were significant effects in ALOS and PLOS in the PNFG pre- and post-intervention compared with the NSG. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that PNF with neck exercise could be beneficial to the static balance of adults with forward-head posture.

A Study on the Awareness and Experience of Open Access Publishing among Korean Authors of an Open Access Mega Journal (오픈액세스 메가 학술지 논문 게재 경험이 있는 국내 기관 소속 저자의 오픈액세스 출판 인식 및 경험에 관한 연구)

  • Shim, Wonsik
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
    • /
    • v.55 no.4
    • /
    • pp.45-65
    • /
    • 2021
  • This study was conducted to obtain a better understanding of Korean researchers' motivations and experience regarding open access publishing. An online survey was conducted with the Korean authors of PLOS ONE, a major open access mega journal (OAMJ). A total of 238 responses were collected; the analysis was based on 202 valid responses. The results of the survey were compared and constrated with the results of a major international study that investigated similar issues. For Korean authors with open access publishing experience, journal impact factor (JIF) is still the most important factor in making publishing decisions. There was a significant difference between general publishing venue decision making versus open access publishing venue decision. Overall, Korean authors are far less satisfied with open access publishing than the authors in the international study. The results suggest comparatively low level of expectation among Korean researchers toward open access publishing. Open access policy and training initiatives are needed to promote open access.

Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health Wealthy nations must do much more, much faster

  • Atwoli, Lukoye;Baqui, Abdullah H.;Benfield, Thomas;Bosurgi, Raffaella;Godlee, Fiona;Hancocks, Stephen;Horton, Richard;Laybourn-Langton, Laurie;Monteiro, Carlos Augusto;Norman, Ian;Patrick, Kirsten;Praities, Nigel;Rikkert, Marcel GM Olde;Rubin, Eric J.;Sahni, Peush;Smith, Richard;Talley, Nicholas J.;Turale, Sue;Vazquez, Damian
    • Animal Bioscience
    • /
    • v.34 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1723-1726
    • /
    • 2021

A Study on Open Peer Review Perception of Korean Authors in a Mega OA Journal (메가 OA 학술지 국내 저자의 오픈 피어 리뷰 인식에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ji-Young;Kim, Hyun Soo;Shim, Wonsik
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
    • /
    • v.37 no.4
    • /
    • pp.131-150
    • /
    • 2020
  • This study was conducted to ascertain a better understanding of researchers' perception of open peer review (OPR), which is being attempted to improve the problems of traditional peer review methods in recent journal publications. A survey was conducted on the Korean authors of a mega open access (OA) journals and the results were analyzed. The subjects of the survey were selected as Korean corresponding authors published on PLOS, an international OA journal and mega journal. The survey was conducted as an online questionnaire and a total of 238 responses were collected; the analysis was based on 202 valid responses. Data were analyzed by performing frequency analysis and average comparison between groups for the collected questionnaire results. As a result of analyzing whether there is a difference in perception of OPR depending on the age, research experience, and OPR experience of the researcher, researchers under the age of 44, researchers with research experience of 9 years or less, and researchers with OPR participation experience had differences in some OPR perceptions. Results show that researchers under the age of 44 want to change the current peer review approach, but they are not yet actively accepting OPR. As a result of analyzing the reasons why the researcher disagrees with OPR, they raised questions about lack of objectivity, increased burden of reviewers, emotions and relationships, and responded that the right to be forgotten was also necessary.

A Study on the Open Access Model for Scholarly Communication (정보공유적 모델 기반의 학술커뮤니케이션에 대한 연구: 저작권을 중심으로)

  • 정경희
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
    • /
    • v.19 no.4
    • /
    • pp.384-399
    • /
    • 2002
  • The ownership of scholarly communication, i.e. copyright is very important to solve the problem of access to many academic journals in network environment. The purpose of this article is to give a conceptual model for the open access based scholarly communication. The main point of this model is for the authors of research paper to retain copyright on their works and to license the work whenever it is reproduced or redistributed for non-profit use with academic purpose. And library have to construct full text journal databases under this open access license.