• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.239-251
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was designed to construct a structural model for explaining mental health status in middle - aged women. Methods: The data was collected by self - reported questionnaires from 206 middle - aged women in Seoul. Data analysis was done with the SAS pc program for descriptive statistics and a PC - LISREL Program for finding the best fit model which assumes causal relationships among variables. Results: The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was good, but paths and variables of the model were modified by considering theoretical implications and statistical significances of parameter estimates. Thus it was modified by excluding 3 paths, The modified model showed was good fit to the data($x^2=177.55$, p=.00), GFI=0.908, AGFI=0.860, RMR=0.013, NFI=0.972, NNFI=0.982). Perceived stress, anger expression method, and self -esteem were found to have direct effects on mental health status in middle - aged women. These predictive variables of mental health status explained $66.6\%$ of the model. Conclusion: Programs to enhance mental health status in middle - aged women should include stress management skill, anger expression skill, and self -esteem enhancement skills to be effective.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.716-721
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• 2002

The ldhL gene encoding the $_L$-(+) lactate dehydrogenase was cloned from Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55739 chromosomal DNA and characterized. An internal 750-bp fiagment of ldhL gene was amplified by PCR using primers based on the conserved region of lactobacilli ldhL genes. A genomic library off. reuteri ATCC 55739 was constructed using pBR322, and colony hybridization experiments were performed using the 750-bp fragment as aprobe. One clone harboring a 4.0-kb PstI fragment was identified, and nucleotide sequencing confirmed it as an open reading frame of 972 bp in size in the middle. In addition to IdhL gene, an ORF homologous to Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 hydrolase gene and 3' part of phosphomevalonate kinase gene (mvaK2) were also found on the 4 kb fragment. $_L$-LDH of L. reuteri ATCC 55739 showed the highest degree of homology with the $_L$-LDH of Pediococcus acidilactici (62.4%), fullowed by the $_L$-LDH of Lactobacillus pentosus (58.7%). The size of IdhL transcript determined by Northern blot was 1 kb, indicating the monocistronic nature of IdhL.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.460-465
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• 1994

New silicon-monosubstituted (${\eta}^4$-2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-l-silacyclopentadiene)transi tion metal complexes are described. (7-Alkyl-7-silanorbornadienyl)MLn(Alkyl=Methyl: MLn=CpRu$(CO)_2$: Alkyl=Methyl: MLn=CpNi(CO): Alkyl=Ethyl: MLn=CpNi(CO)) complexes were prepared from the corresponding silole-transition metal complexes with dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate. Cycloaddition products were obtained with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-butanedione, and 1,4-benzoquinone through the ruthenium-substituted silylene. We have determined the crystal structure of (1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-l-silacyclopentadien yl)cyclopentadienyldicarbonylruthenium by using graphite monochromated Mo-Ka radiation. The compound was crystallized in the monoclinic space group $P2_{1/c}$ with a = 9.838(l), b = 15.972(3), c = 18.327(3) ${\AA}$, and ${\beta}= 94.28(l)^{circ}$. The ruthenium moiety CpRu$(CO)_2$ on silicon is in an axial position.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.472-482
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine if a geriatric injury would have a statistically significant relationship with the spatial safety within a specific region. To achieve the objectives of this study, an independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were performed to verify difference in mean value of regional safety grade, depending on the injury intentionality, injury location, activities at the time of injury, and injury mechanism, in 6,572 geriatric injury patients by combining the National Hospital Discharge Patients Injury Survey data and regional safety index data. The results of statistical validation suggested that there was no difference in the mean value of regional safety grade by sub-group with respect to the injury intentionality. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in terms of the mean value of regional safety grade in each sub-group with regard to the injury location, activities at the time of injury, and injury mechanism in connection with some areas of the regional safety index. Based on the results of such analysis, we derived and presented 3 implications related to policies and practice for the prevention of geriatric injury and a reduction of its occurrence rate in light of spatial safety after a discussion of the results through a comparison with previous studies that examined individual areas.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.779-800
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• 2012

This study is to understand gifted students' suicidal ideation and its related variables among gifted students. For this, this study explores the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism of gifted students and suicidal ideation, confirming mediating effects of depression and academic stress. For the study 320 middle school students who were identified as the gifted at a gifted education center affiliated with the university. The results are summarized as follows. First, the fit of measurement model was found to be ${\chi}^2$=228.571(df=110, p=.000), CFI=.972, TLI=.966, RMSEA=.058, indicating most of fit indexes were acceptable. Second, suicidal ideation was found a significant positive relationship with maladaptive perfectionism, depression, academic stress. Third, as a result of examining path coefficient, it was found to be influenced significantly by all of the path from maladaptive perfectionism to depression and academic stress, the path from depression to suicidal ideation, the path from academic stress to suicidal ideation. However, the path from maladaptive perfectionism to suicidal ideation was found to be statistically insignificant. Fourth, the result showed that depression and academic stress worked as complete mediators between maladaptive perfectionism and suicidal ideation. These findings give useful information about affective aspects of gifted adolescents in hard circumstances. The results of the study will be helpful in devising consultation and educational programs for the gifted who are in danger of suicide.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.6 s.73
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• pp.972-978
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Jeju horses. The redcell cypes (blood groups) and blood protein types (biochemical polymorphisms) were tested from 102 Jeju horses by serological and electrophoretc procedure, and their phenotypes and gene frequencies were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were $A^{af}\;(27.45\%$), $C^{a}\;(99.02\%$), $K^{-}\;(97.06\%$), $U^{a}\;(62.75\%$), $P^{b}\;(36.27\%$), $Q^{c}\;(47.06\%$), $D^{cgm/dghm}\;(13.73\%$), $D^{adn/cgm}\;(9.80\%$), $D^{ad/cgm}$\;(8.82\%$), $D^{dghm/dghm}(7.84\%$), $D^{cgm/cgm}(7.84\%$), $AL^{B}\;(48.04\%$), $GC^{F}\;(99.02\%$), $AlB^{K}\;(97.06\%$), $ES^{FI}\;(36.27\%$), $TF^{F2}\;(25.49\%$), $HB^{B1}\;(45.10\%$), and $PGD^{F}\;(86.27\%$) in Jeju horses, respectively. Alleles observed with high gene frequency were $A^{af}$ (0.3726), $A^{C}$ (0.2647), $C^{-}$ (0.5050), $K^{-}$ (0.9853), $U^{-}$ (0.6863), $P^{b}$ (0.4657), $Q^{c}$ (0.5294), $D^{cgm}$ (0.3039), $HB^{B1}$(0.6863), $PGD^{F}$ (0.9265), $AL^{B}$ (0.6912), $ALB^{K}$ (0.9852), $GC^{F}$ (0.9950), $ES^{I}$ (0.5000) and $TF^{F2}$ (0.4950) in Jeju horses, and sfecific alleles, $D^{cgm(f)}$ (0.0196), $HB^{A}$ (0.0147), $HB^{A2}$ (0.0196), $ES^{G}$ (0.0441), $ES^{H}$ (0.0098), $TF^{E}$TF'(0.0246), $TF^{H2}$ (0.0049) and $PGD^{D}$ (0.0098) were detected in Jeju horses. These preliminary results present basic information for detecting the genetic markers in Jeju horse. and developing a system for parentage verification and individuals identification in jeju horses.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.799-804
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• 2010

In humans, CYP2C19, a member of the cytochrome P450 subfamily, metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce epoxyicosanoid acids, which are involved in vascular tone and regulation of blood pressure (BP). Recent findings suggest that CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms might be considered as a novel candidate gene for cardiovascular disease. We thus focused on the Korean population to explore the association of two polymorphisms ($CYP2C19^*2$ and $^*3$) in this gene and essential hypertension (EH). A total of 1,241 participants (537 hypertensive subjects and 704 healthy controls) were recruited from the Yonsei Cardiovascular Genome Center in Korea. The CYP2C19 polymorphisms were genotyped using the $SNaPShot^{TM}$ assay. The allele and genotype frequencies of $CYP2C19^*3$ showed significant difference between hypertensives and normotensives (P=0.019 and P=0.023, respectively). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the $CYP2C19^*3$ A allele carriers were significantly associated with EH (OR, 0.723; 95% CI, 0.538-0.972, P=0.032) under a dominant model. In addition, CYP2C19 G-A haplotype ($2C19^*2\;G-^*3$ A combination) was found to significantly reduce EH risk (OR, 0.714, P=0.015). We believe this provides evidence that $CYP2C19^*3$ polymorphism may contribute to a protective effect in the development of EH.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.678-693
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• 1993

The purposes of this study were to describe the level of vision and hearing impairments, depression and functional capacity, among Korean institutionalized elderly and to examine the relation-ship between sensory impairments, depression, and functional capacity in these people. The final pupose was to test the cognitive function path model using sensory competencies as predictors. A convenience sample of thirty nine male and 90 female subjects with a mean age of 80.5 were the subjects of this study. The subjects were tested for cognitive function, and vision and hearing impairments. Physical function and social function were measured by observation of designated task performance by the subjects. Their level of de-pression was measured using a Geriatric Depression Scale administered through an interview. Individual subjective ratings of hearing and vision were marked by the subjects, on a ladder scale. The results of the study showed that 48.8% of the subjects had a hearing impairment, 63.5% had a vision impairement, and 36.4% had both a vision and hearing impairement. The four sensory groups (no sensory impairement, hearing impairement, vision impairement, hearing and vision impairement) were tested for differences in depression, physical function, social behavior and cognitive function. The only significant difference that was found was in cognitive function, between the no sensory impairement group and the hearing and vision impairement group(F=3.25, P<.05), Subjective ratings of hearing showed a significant correlation with cognitive function(r=.34, p<.001) and with social behavior(r=.31, p<.001). There was no correlation between subjective vision ratings and cognitive function or social behavior. However there was a significant correlation between vision and hearing(r=.49, p<.001). There was also a significant negative correlation between age and vision(r=-.21, p<.01) and between age and hear-ing(r=-.34, p<.001). There was a significant correlation between depression and physical function (r=-.32, p<.001) but there was no correlation between depression and cognitive function or social behavior. Based on the literature review and the result, this study, a path model of sensory competence-> cognitive function- >social behavior was developed and tested : Perceived vision and perceived hearing were the exogenous variahles and cognitive function and social behavior were the endogeneous variables in the model. The path analysis result demonstrated an accept-able fit (GFI=.997, AGFI=.972, X$^2$=.72 (p=.396), RMSR=.019) between the data and the model. There was a significant direct effect($\beta$=.38) of perceived hearing on cognitive function. There was a significant direct effect ($\beta$=.32) of cognitive function on social behavior. The total effect of hearing on social behavior was $\beta$=.32 including the indirect effect ($\beta$=.12) . However perceived vsion had little effect ($\beta$=-.08) on cognitive function. The result of path analysis confirms that hearing levels influence cognitive function, and both hearing and cognitive function levels influence social behavior. However, vision has little effect on cognitive function or on social behavior. For the next study, a combined model of the pre viously developed environment - >depression- > physical and social function model, and the present cognitive function model, should be tested to further refine the functional capacity model. There also a need for longitudinal study of functional capacity and sencory competence in order to better understand how declining sensory competence influences functional capacity and how it effects in-creasing dependency and nursing needs in the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2021

Background: To analyze the effect of self-regulation on the fear of dental treatment in order to use it as basic data for efficient oral health care among male adolescents. Methods: A survey was administered to 241 first graders of specialized high schools in Daegu using a self-entry method. Twenty questions about fear of dental treatment and fifteen questions about self-regulation were included. The higher the score, the higher the fear of dental treatment and the self-regulation ability, showing a high reliability of 0.972 and 0.750, respectively. Results: The mean score of the participants' self-regulation ability was 3.25±0.51 and that of the degree of fear for dental treatment was relatively low at 1.72±0.85. It was confirmed that the higher the academic performance (F=7.635, p<0.01), the better was the self-regulation based on self-diagnosis (F=3.142, p<0.05), and was associated with higher health awareness (F=5.894, p<0.01). The degree of fear for dental treatment was significantly higher in the self-diagnosis-induced poor health group (F=4.933, p<0.01) and associated with a lower awareness of health (F=3.093, p<0.05). The participants' self-regulation ability was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of fear regarding dental treatment (r=-0.269, p<0.01). Regression analysis was performed using the degree of fear as a dependent variable and including sub-area variables of self-diagnosis-based health status, perception of health, and self-regulation ability as independent variables (β=-0.163, p<0.05). Among the self-regulation abilities, controlled composition (β=-0.232, p<0.01) had a significant effect; the higher the composition, the lower the degree of fear. The total explanatory power of this variable was 8.5%. Conclusion: An appropriate customized education program that can encourage individuals to practice self-care and maintain oral hygiene along with a clear understanding of underlying individual oral health conditions during adolescence is essential for promoting oral health.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.683-689
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• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Thoroughbred horses (TB) The blood red cell types and blood protein types (biochemical polymorphisms) were tested from 1,125 Thoroughbred horses by serological and electrophoretic procedures, and their phenotypes, gene frequencies, heterozygosity, polymorphic information content values and exclusion probability were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were Aaf(91.7%), Ca(94.7%), K-(94.5%), Ua(75.9%), P-(50.6%), Qabc(82.6%), ALB-BB(67.7%), GC-FF(92.7%), AIB-KK(99.6%), ES-II(77.9%), TF-DF1(23.6%), PI-LL(23.2%), HB-B2B2(73.6%), PGD-FS(45.4%) and genotypes Dcgm/dk(16.9%), Dbcm/cgm(13.6%), Dbcm/dk(11.9%), Dcegmn/cegmn(10.0%), Dcgm/cgm(8.7%) in TB. Alleles observed with high frequency were Aaf(0.796), Ca(0.769), Ddk(0.266), Dcgm(0.261), Dbcm(0.211), K-(0.972), P-(0.710), Qabc(0.565), Q-(0.368), Ua(0.509), $HB^{B2}$(0.858), $PGD^F$(0.634), $ALB^B$(0.825), $GC^F$(0.927), $AIB^K$(0.998), $ES^I$(0.881), $TF^{F1}$(0.346), $TF^D$(0.319), $TF^{F2}$(0.184), $PI^L$(0.479), $PI^N$(0.214), $PI^U$(0.116) in TB. The heterozygosity, polymorphic information content (PIC) and exclusion probability (PE) were calculated. The mean heterozygosity and PIC value were 0.3899 and 0.3375, respectively. The highest heterozygosity and PIC were estimated 0.7834 and 0.7492 in blood group D locus, respectively. The cumulated PE obtained by blood groups and biochemical polymorphisms was 0.9813.