• 인지과학
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.155-178
• /
• 2020

우리는 사람들이 음악을 들으면서 책을 읽거나 학습활동을 하는 경우를 자주 발견하게 된다. 이러한 배경음악이 언어처리 과정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 그동안 활발한 논의가 진행됐다. 하지만 음악의 언어처리에 대한 영향성은 아직까지 명확히 밝혀져 있지 않은 상황에 있다. 본 연구는 사건관련전위(ERP)를 활용하여, 각 언어의 처리 과정-표기 정보 처리, 의미 정보 처리, 통사 정보 처리에 따라 나타나는 배경음악의 효과를 분석하고 이를 통해 음악이 언어처리에 미치는 영향성을 규명하고자 하였다. 총 60명의 피험자를 세 가지 실험조건그룹(가사 있는 음악 조건, 가사 없는 음악 조건, 무 음악 조건)으로 구분하고, 각 언어처리 과정에 해당하는 문장 자극을 제시하고 이에 대한 뇌파를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 무음악 조건에 비해 가사 있는 음악 조건에서 표기 처리를 반영하는 P2와 통사 처리를 반영하는 P600의 진폭이 유의미하게 낮게 나타났다. 이에 반해, 의미 처리 과정을 반영하는 N400은 조건 간의 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 가사 있는 음악이 표기 처리 과정과 통사 처리 과정을 방해하는 한편, 의미 처리 과정에는 영향을 미치지 않는다는 점을 시사한다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.559-563
• /
• 1999

Essential oil of Artemisia lavandulaefolia the chrysanthemum family plant used in the chinese medicine was extracted and antibacterial and antifungal activity with many kinds of the pathogenic bacterium and fungi was experimented by it. Ataphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus aureus gram positive bacterium at the concentration of 200ppm and Streptococcus mutans at the concentration of 1,000ppm showed the growth injibition effect of the cell. These showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05) Zymomonas mobilis Entrecoccus faecalis gram negative bacterium at the concentration of 200ppm and Pseudomonas putida at the concentration of 400ppm showedd the growth inhibition effect of the cell)p<0.05) V. Parahaemolyticus at the concentration of 800ppm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 1,000ppm showed the growth inhibition effect of the cell(p<0.05) Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans yeast-type fungi showed the gorwth inhibition effect of the cell at the concentration of 200ppm(p<0.05) Altenaria mali Aspergillus nidulans and Fusarium oxysporum filamentous fungi took the growth inhibition effect of the cell at the concentration of 600ppm, 400ppm, and 100ppm. respectively.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 1995

From the plasmid pYA300 carring a CMCase of Rhizobium fredii USDA193 plasmid was subcloned into pBluescript II KS(+)/pBluescript II SK(+) vectors and designated pYA500 and pYA600, respectively. Escherchia coli cells transformed with pYA500 porduced the CMCase more than with pYA600. The orientation of the cloned fragment in pBluescript vector had the effect on gene expression in E. coli background. When the 1.7 kb CMCase gene fragment of R. fredii USDA193 was hybridized to EcoRI-digested total DNA from R. meliloti and R. fredii USDA 191 the unique bands hybridized respectively, indicating that some genetic diversity exists in the EcoRI restriction enzyme site for CMCase gene in Rhizobium strains. The optimum pH of enzyme activity was 7 and the optimum temperature of that was nearly 37$\circ$C. The cellulase-minus derivatives of pYA500 were constructed by Tn5 insertional mutation. Among 6000 transconjugants, two mutant plasmids (designated pYA500::Tn5a and pYA500::Tn5b) were detected from the cellulase- negative transconjugants. The product of CMCase gene was analyzed by one dimensional SDS- PAGE of the cell extracts. About 45 kDa protein was considered to be a product of CMCase gene.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.470-473
• /
• 2000

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of varying levels of flaked com abomasally infused on energy metabolism and nitrogen metabolism in fattening steers. The starch levels of flaked corn of abomasally infused were 0, 300, 600 and 900 g/d. Four mature fattening steers fitted with permanent abomasum cannulas were allocated to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design were fed at 1.2 maintenance requirement a basal diet of Chinese wildrye (Aneurolepidium Chinense). Compared with 0 g/d (control group), digestible nitrogen, retention nitrogen (RN, g/d) and the efficiency of digestible nitrogen converted into retention nitrogen (RN/DN, %) of 300, 600 and 900 g/d groups were higher (p<0.05). The post-ruminal starch digestion of flaked corn were 71.36, 80.27 and 64.71 % when the amounts abomasally infused were 300, 600 and 900 g/d, respectively. When the amount of starch abomasally infused was more than 600 g/d, the post-ruminal digestion of starch decreased. 300, 600 and 900 g/d starch infusion groups showed higher metabolizable energy intake (ME) and net energy gains (NEg, MJ/d) than the control group, and the efficiencies of metabolizable energy converted into body weight (Kf, %) of these groups were higher than the control group by 38.31, 73.18 and 67.06% (p<0.05). Kf (Y, %) had a positive curved relation to starch of flaked com abomasally infused (X, g/d), $Y=36.1605X^{0.0760}$ (n=16, r=0.9308).

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.258-263
• /
• 1994

Ohjuksan has been used for the treatment of cold and pantalgia in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract from Ohjuksan (OJSE) was investigated utilizing acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis in rats. The effects of this agent on acute toxicity and acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome in mice were also examined. OJSE did not showed acute toxicity at 2400mg/kg (p.o.) and 1200mg/kg(i.p.) body weight. It was also showed to have significant analgesic action on the writhing syndrome in mice induced by 0.7% acetic acid at 300,600mg/kg body weight. It showed anti-inflammatory activity in 5% acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis with oral administration in rats and exhibited significant preventive effect on edema at 300 and 600mg/kg(p<0.01). In the method of adjuvant arthritis, orally administered for 19 days, it inhibited the hind paw edema in rats with 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight from 5 th day to 19th day. These results suggest that OJSE had analgesic and anti-inflammatory action.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1260-1274
• /
• 2016

To obtain good summarization algorithms, we need first understand how people summarize videos. 'Semantic gap' refers to the gap between semantics implied in video summarization algorithms and what people actually infer from watching videos. We hypothesized that ERP responses to real time videos will show either N400 effects to topic-irrelevant shots in the 300∼500ms time-range after stimulus on-set or P600 effects to topic-relevant shots in the 500∼700ms time range. We recruited 32 participants in the EEG experiment, asking them to focus on the topic of short videos and to memorize relevant shots to the topic of the video. After analysing real time videos based on the participants' rating information, we obtained the following t-test result, showing N400 effects on PF1, F7, F3, C3, Cz, T7, and FT7 positions on the left and central hemisphere, and P600 effects on PF1, C3, Cz, and FCz on the left and central hemisphere and C4, FC4, P8, and TP8 on the right. A further 3-way MANOVA test with repeated measures of topic-relevance, hemisphere, and electrode positions showed significant interaction effects, implying that the left hemisphere at central, frontal, and pre-frontal positions were sensitive in detecting topic-relevant shots while watching real time videos.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.90-93
• /
• 2001

The effects of the dried fruit powder of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (OF-f) were investigated on gastric lesion and ulcer models in rats. It showed significant inhibition in HCl ethanol and HCl aspirin induced gastric lesion at a dose of 600 mg/kg, p.o. OF-f also showed significant inhibition in indomethacin induced gastric lesion at the doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg, p.o. However, it did not affect aspirin and Shay ulcer in rats. It also did not affect the gastric juice secretion, acid output and pH. These data suggest that OF-f possesses pronounced inhibitory action on gastric lesion of rats.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.212-219
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 초고압 처리가 부분육으로 유통되는 닭 다리 분쇄육의 저장 안전성에 미치는 효과와 난황 phosvitin 첨가가 지방 및 단백질의 산화 안정성에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 분쇄된 닭 다리육에 phosvitin을 각각 500 및 1000 mg/kg 첨가 후 비가열 또는 가열하고, 초고압 처리(300 및 600 MPa, 5분, $15{\pm}3^{\circ}C$)에 따른 총 호기성 미생물, 지방 및 단백질산화 및 육색의 변화를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 저장 하면서 측정하였다. 연구 결과 생육에서 300 및 600 MPa 처리에 의해 총 호기성 미생물의 증식이 저장 7일 후 각각 4 및 5 Log CFU/g 정도 억제 되었으며(p<0.05), 600 MPa 처리에 의해 지방 및 단백질산화가 촉진됨이 확인되었다(p<0.05). 초고압 처리압력 증가에 따른 $L^*$ 값의 증가와 $a^*$ 및 $b^*$ 값의 감소가 확인되었다(p<0.05). 가열육은 초고압 처리와 무관하게 총 호기성 미생물의 증식이 일어나지 않았으며, 저장 7일 후 600 MPa 처리에 의한 지방의 산화가 확인되었고, 단백질의 산화는 저장 3일차에서만 600 MPa처리에 의해 유의적으로 증가함이 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 초고압 처리는 부분육으로 유통되는 닭 다리 분쇄육의 저장 안전성을 높일 수 있으며, 초고압 처리시 발생하는 지방 및 단백질의 산화와 육색의 변화를 억제하기 위한 항산화제로서 phosvitin의 이용은 제한적일 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 1984

The purpose of this study was to compare the growth-inhibiting effect of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride on a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans exposed to the different concentration of $SnF_2$ and NaF The result were as follows: 1. The growth rate of the Streptococcus mutans was unaffected by 75 ppmF, slowed by 150 ppmF, and immediately arrested by 300 or 600 ppmF where increments of NaF were added to actively growing 12-hour broth culture. 2. $SnF_2$ slowed the growth rate at 75 ppmF, was to bactericidal initially at 150 and 300 ppmF, and was to totally bactercidal at 600 ppmF. 3. $SnF_2$ has been shown to be more effective than NaF in inhibiting the growth activity of Streptococcus mutans. 4. The inhibitory effect of fluoride compounds on the growth of Streptococcus mutans was increased in the decreased pH at concentration of 600 ppmF.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제25권7호
• /
• pp.906-913
• /
• 2019

소성 굴 패각의 PO₄-P 및 NH₃-N의 제거성능을 평가하기 위해 100℃(POS100), 600℃(POS600), 800℃(POS800)로 소성시킨 굴 패각을 시료충전층에 채워 인공오수를 통과시키는 실내실험을 통해 PO₄-P 및 NH₃-N의 제거 성능을 확인하였다. 시료충전층을 통과한 유출수는 굴 패각에서 용출된 CaO의 영향으로 pH가 상승한 것으로 조사되었다. PO₄-P 제거량은 최대 약 23.1 mg/kg(POS100), 16.1 mg/kg(POS600), 15.9 mg/kg(POS800)으로, POS100의 PO₄-P 제거량이 높게 나타난 것으로 확인되었다. PO₄-P 제거 요인으로는 굴 패각의 Ca 및 Dolomite가 PO₄-P를 흡착·침전시킨 것으로 판단된다. NH₃-N 제거량은 최대 약 3.56 mg/kg(POS100), 5.72 mg/kg(POS600), 3.97 mg/kg(POS800)으로 나타났다. NH₃-N의 제거율이 낮은 요인으로는 불안정한 질산화 과정, pH의 상승으로 인해 NH₃-N가 NH₄⁺로 변환된 영향 등의 복합적인 원인으로 판단된다. 이상의 결과를 통해 소성 굴 패각은 화학 반응을 통해 PO₄-P 및 NH₃-N 농도를 감소시킨 것으로 판단되며, 본 연구의 결과는 향후 소성 굴 패각을 활용한 하수처리 기술개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.