• 한국제4기학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.123-128
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to examine the water use efficiency (WUE) in five species of one-year-old seedlings grown in a field nursery in Mongolia. Larix sibirica and Pinus sylvestris are the most dominant coniferous species while Ulmus pumila is an important deciduous species known well-adapted in harsh conditions such as in semi-arid forests and Gobi desert regions. Caragana arborescens (Siberian pea shrub) and Hippophae rhamnoides are N-fixing shrubs in Mongolia. Thirty one-year-old seedlings were sampled from each of the five species (a total of 150 samples) and measured for net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (E). The Pn and E were used to calculate and compare the WUE of each species. Pn differed significantly among the five species (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in Pn between L. sibirica and H. rhamnoides (p > 0.05). C. arborescens showed the highest Pn whereas U. pumila did the poorest. E differed significantly among the five species (p < 0.05). L. sibirica and U. pumila showed considerably lower E than other species. Thus, WUE values of coniferous species such as L. sibirica and P. sylvestris were significantly greater than deciduous or shrub species such as U. pumila, C. arborescens and H. rhamnoides (p < 0.01). It may result that conifers showed relatively high water use efficiency than deciduous or shrub trees due to their lower transpiration rates, which resulted in morphological and physiological characteristics of their leaves. This may indicate that L. sibirica and P. sylvestris can be widely used for rehabilitation works in Mongolia attributed to their dominant distributions but also their high drought-resistance properties.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제106권1호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 몽골 반건조지에서 질소 시비가 Populus sibirica 묘목의 생리적 특성 및 생장에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 2015년 5월, 2년생 P. sibirica 묘목을 식재하고 처리구별로 묘목 당 요소 5 g (N1), 15 g (N2), 30 g (N3) 및 N2와 같은 질소량인 황산암모늄 33 g (NS) 등을 시비하였다. 잎의 엽록소 함량은 6월과 7월에 처리구 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 엽록소 함량이 8월에는 처리구 간 차이를 보였으며 6월과 7월에 비하여 낮게 나타났는데, 이는 잎의 노화에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 6월과 7월의 순광합성률은 N2와 NS 처리구에서 대조구보다 높게 나타났다. 6월의 증산 속도는 순광합성률의 경향과 달리 N2 처리구에서 NS 처리구보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 한편, 묘목의 근원경상대생장률은 NS 처리구에서만 대조구보다 유의하게 높았고, 수고 상대생장률은 처리구간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 질소 시비에 따른 엽면적 차이는 처리구 간에 유의성을 보였으나, 대조구와 각 질소 처리구 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 본 연구지에서 P. sibirica 묘목의 초기 생육 증진을 위하여 요소보다 황산암모늄을 시비하는 것이 더 적합한 것으로 보인다. 요소와 황산암모늄 시비가 토양 및 묘목에 미치는 영향이 다르므로 몽골에서 황산암모늄의 적정 시비량 산정을 위한 추가 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.316-322
• /
• 1996

Three medicinal species of the genus Polygala were examined by comparative morphology, anatomy and TLC analysis. They were classified into three species, and distinctly divided into two groups in this study. Group I is composed of P. japonica, P. sibirica and Group II P. tenuifolia. Considered on the relationships between two groups by the differences of leaf shape, adnated part of petal, flower colour, fruit shape etc., Group II may have been independently evolved from the common ancestor by having one raw of palisadelike chlorenchyma under the stem epidermis through the different pathway. It is also suggested that the taxa of Group II appear to be more advanced than those of Group I.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제103권4호
• /
• pp.703-708
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 몽골 반건조 지역 현지에서 토양 개량이 묘목의 활착 및 생장에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 알칼리성 사질 토양인 연구대상지에 2년생 백양나무(Populus sibirica)와 비술나무(Ulmus pumila) 묘목을 심고 질소(시비량에 따라 2수준), 황, 인공보습제, 황토가공소재 등을 처리하였다. 4개월 뒤, 두 수종의 묘목 활착률은 질소 시비량의 증가에 따라 감소하였다. 일반적으로 질소의 시비는 양분을 공급하여 묘목의 활착률 및 생장을 높이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 본 연구 결과에서 나타난 활착률 감소는 과다시비로 인한 토양 삼투압의 증가에 의한 것으로 보인다. 두 수종 모두 황토가공물질 처리구에서 근원경 생장에 유의한 증가가 나타났다. 그리고 백양나무의 경우 인공보습제 처리구에서도 근원경 생장이 유의하게 증가하였는데, 이는 백양나무가 건조에 내성이 있음에도 불구하고 수분 요구도가 높은 포플러속에 속하기 때문인 것으로 보인다. 반면 황 처리는 두 수종의 활착률과 근원경 생장 모두에서 효과가 없는 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 건조지 토양의 낮은 황산화율 때문으로 추정된다. 향후 건조/반건조 지역에서 토양 개량의 장기적인 효과를 알아보기 위하여 묘목 생장 및 토양 특성에 대한 지속적인 모니터링이 요구되며, 연구 수종에 적합한 시비량 산정을 위한 추가 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2016

Six species of springtails (Collembola) are reported for the first time from North Korea: Pachyotoma takeshitai (Kinoshita, 1916), Folsomia bisetosa Gisin, 1953 and Agrenia agilis Fjellberg, 1986 of Isotomidae, Entomobrya sibirica Stach, 1963 and Willowsia buski (Lubbock, 1870) of Entomobryidae, and Ptenothrix setosa (Krausbauer, 1898) of Dicyrtomidae. The genus Pachyotoma Bagnall, 1949 is mentioned for the first time from the Korean Peninsula. In order to facilitate the identification of these species, illustrations and short diagnoses are provided and the poorly known P. takeshitai is described in detail. Ptenothrix setosa and E. sibirica link the Korean peninsular fauna with Central Asia, P. takeshitai shows the zoogeographical connection of the Korean Peninsula with the Japanese Islands and A. agilis has a trans-pacific distribution. Folsomia bisetosa is an interesting circumpolar element in the Korean fauna while W. buski is a subcosmopolitan species.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.249-256
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels and types of nitrogen fertilizer on seedlings and soil chemical properties in a semi-arid area, Mongolia. 2-year-old Populus sibirica and 4-year-old Ulmus pumila seedlings were planted in May 2014. Six treatments with three levels of nitrogen (low-level: urea $5g\;tree^{-1}$; medium-level: urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$, ammonium sulfate $33g\;tree^{-1}$, urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$ with potassium phosphate $10g\;tree^{-1}$; high-level: urea $30g\;tree^{-1}$) were applied and for the medium-level of nitrogen, different types of fertilizer were treated. Survival rate, root collar diameter (RCD) growth rate, leaf nitrogen concentration of seedlings, and soil chemical properties were determined in August 2014. The seedling survival rate of both species decreased as the level of nitrogen increased. This result can be explained by water stress caused by nitrogen fertilization in arid regions. The RCD growth rate of P. sibirica was significantly decreased by the treatment of high-level of nitrogen due to excessive nitrogen fertilization, and was increased by the treatment of ammonium sulfate due to sulfur which might promote nitrogen uptake. The leaf nitrogen concentration of P. sibirica did not change by the treatment of low-level of nitrogen, and was increased by the treatment of medium-level of nitrogen. There were no significant differences in the RCD growth rate and the leaf nitrogen concentration of U. pumila among the six treatments. None of soil chemical properties was affected by nitrogen fertilization. Overall, the low-level of nitrogen showed no effect on seedlings and soil chemical properties, except on survival rate of U. pumila and the high-level of nitrogen was considered excessive fertilization. Continuous monitoring of medium-level nitrogen fertilization including the ammonium sulfate, which increased early growth of seedlings, would be needed to elucidate the effect of fertilization on seedling growth and soil properties in a semi-arid region.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제98권5호
• /
• pp.609-617
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate ecological indicators of forest degradation after forest fire and clear-cutting in the Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) stand of Mongolia. The species abundance and biodiversity indices were higher in burned and clear-cut stands than those of reference stand, but boreal understory species, such as Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Pyrola incarnata, Linnea borealis and Maianthemum bifolium, completely disappeared and was replaced by sedge species, such as Carex duriuscula, C. lanceolata, C. pediformis, Poa attenuata and P. pratensis. During the research period, temperature increased by an average of $1.6^{\circ}C$ in burned stand and $1.7^{\circ}C$ in clear-cut stand compared to reference stand, but RH sharply decreased up to 15.7% in clear-cut stand. This result indicates that Larix sibirica stand became warmer and drier after forest fire and clear-cutting, and contributed to the abundance of sedge and grass species in the understory. Moreover, intense occupation of tall sedge grass after forest fire and clear-cutting had a vital role as obstacle on natural regeneration of Larix sibirica. The similarity of species composition between reference and burned stands was higher (73.6%) than between reference and clear-cut stands (63.8%). Soil moisture significantly decreased after forest fire and clear-cutting, and the extent of decrease was more severe in the clear-cut stand. The chemical properties at soil organic layer were significantly affected by forest fire and clear-cutting but not the mineral horizons. Inorganic nitrogen of the forest floor significantly decreased in the clear-cut stand ($1.1{\pm}0.4mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) than that of the burned ($4.5{\pm}2.3mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) and reference stands ($5.0{\pm}2.3mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$). Available P of the forest floor significantly increased after fire, whereas it decreased after clear-cutting. These results indicate that existence of boreal understory vegetation, and changes in soil moisture and available P are distinct attributes applicable as ecological indicators for identifying forest degradation in Mongolia.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.205-211
• /
• 2021

This study investigates the morphological and skull characteristics of the Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica quelpartis from the Jeju Island, South Korea. A total of 26 roadkill specimens (22 males and 4 females) were collected from October 2012 to April 2016. All collected specimens were examined for morphological characteristics, but only 19 specimens (16 males and 3 females) were in a good enough condition to process for skull measurements. This study showed no significant differences in ear length between male and female (p>0.05), and significant differences were found in head-body length, tail length (TL), and hind-food length (p<0.05). Both the male and female of M. s. quelpartis were larger in its external characteristics except for TL than M. s. coreanus living in the mainland of South Korea. M. s. quelpartis males have a smaller skull size than their female counterparts. In general, both male and female M. s. quelpartis showed external characteristics in line with the Island Rule. The findings of this study are important in order to shed more light on the evolutionary mechanism of small mammals living on the Jeju Island.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제55권1호
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 1982

다음의 12수종(樹種)을 ha당(當) 2,500본식(本式) 식재(植栽)한 조림지(造林地)에서 단벌기맹아림(短伐期萌芽林)(1년(年), 2년(年), 3년벌기(年伐期))을 이용(利用)하여 wood biomass생산량(生産量)(줄기, 가지, 잎)을 6년간(年間) 측정(測定)하였다. 참싸리, 쪽제비싸리, 아까시나무, 은단풍, 버즘나무, 은수원사시(현사시), 알바버드나무, 리기다소나무, 물갬나무, 좀잎산오리나무, 글루티노사 오리나무, 인카나 오리나무, 산록부(山麓部)의 1년(年) 벌기구(伐期区)에서 참싸리가 년간(年間) ha당(當) 2.6톤(생중량(生中量))으로서 가장 많은 biomass를, 현사시가 2번째로 22톤을 생산(生産)했다. 2년벌기구(年伐期区)에서는 현사시가 가장 많은 년간(年間) 4.8톤을, 물갬나무가 2.8톤을 생산(生産)했으며, 3년(年) 벌기구(伐期区)에서는 아까시나무가 년간(年間) ha당(當) 가장 많은 11.2톤을, 그 다음으로 물갬나무가 6.2톤을 생산(生産)했다. 족제비 싸리, 은단풍, 버즘나무, 알바버드나무는 생장(生長)이 아주 불량(不良)하여 biomass나 연료생산(燃料生産)으로 부적당(不適當)하였다. 산복부(山腹部)에서의 생장(生長)은 12수종(樹種) 모두 저조(低調)하였다. 그중(中) 질소(窒素)를 고정(固定)하는 수종(樹種)(아까시나무와 오리나무류(類) 4수종(樹種))만이 약간 우세(優勢)한 생장(生長)을 보여 주었으며, 산복부(山腹部)에는 이 수종(樹種)들 만이 식재(植栽)가 가능(可能)하다고 생각된다. 맹아력(萌芽力)이 강(强)한 수종(樹種)이 biomass생산량(生産量)도 많았다. 이들 수종(樹種)의 건조(乾燥)된 목편(木片)의 발열량(發熱量)은 4,485~5,125cal/g이었다. 최대(最大)의 biomass생산(生産)을 위(爲)하여 맹아림(萌芽林)에 의(依)한 삼년벌기(三年伐期)가 일년(一年) 혹(惑)은 이년(二年) 벌기(伐期)보다 더 우수(優秀)하며, 아까시나무와 물갬나무가 가장 유망(有望)하다고 인정(認定)된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 1985

The vegetation on the north and south slopes of Kwanak mountain was assessed and recorded during thesummer of 1976. Recordings were made of 5*5m quadrats placed along the transects running parallel to the slopes. On the north slope, most of large trees such as Alnus sibirica, Sorbus alnifolia, Robinia pseudo-acacia and Pinus rigida make the crown and their mean DBH was conspicuously large, while the vegetation of south slope is dominated by dwarf Juniperus utilis, Pinus densiflora, Weigela florida var. glabra which are considered as a resistant species of dry site. The amount of humus, total nitrogen, soil water content and available phosphorous is higher on the north slope than the south one. However, the soil pH is higher on the south slope. It is assumed that the humus content is a main factor to make difference on the type of vegetation between the north and south slope.