• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Three-dimensional microscopic approaches in histopathology display multiplex properties that present puzzling questions for specimens as related to their comprehensive volumetric information. This information includes spatial distribution of molecules, three-dimensional co-localization, structural formation and whole data set that cannot be determined by two-dimensional section slides due to the inevitable loss of spatial information. Advancement of optical instruments such as two-photon microscopy and high performance objectives with motorized correction collars have narrowed the gap between optical theories and the actual reality of deep tissue imaging. However, the benefits gained by a prolonged working distance, two-photon laser and optimized beam alignment are inevitably diminished because of the light scattering phenomenon that is deeply related to the refractive index mismatch between each cellular component and the surrounding medium. From the first approaches with simple crude refractive index matching techniques to the recent cutting-edge integrated tissue clearing methods, an achievement of transparency without morphological denaturation and eradication of natural and fixation-induced nonspecific autofluorescence out of real signal are key factors to determine the perfection of tissue clearing and the immunofluorescent staining for high contrast images. When performing integrated laboratory workflow of tissue for processing frozen and formalin-fixed tissues, clear lipid-exchanged acrylamide-hybridized rigid imaging/immunostaining/in situ hybridization-compatible tissue hydrogel (CLARITY), an equipment-based tissue clearing method, is compatible with routine procedures in a histopathology laboratory.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.35-47
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• 1996

A surface panel method treating a boundary-value problem of the Dirichlet type is presented to design a three dimensional body with free surface corresponding to a prescribed pressure distribution. An integral equation is derived from Green's theorem, giving a relation between total potential of known strength and the unknown local flux. Upon discretization, a system of linear simultaneous equations is formed including free surface boundary condition and is solved for an assumed geometry. The pseudo local flux, present due to the incorrect positioning of the assumed geometry, plays a role f the geometry corrector, with which the new geometry is computed for the next iteration. Sample designs for submerged spheroids and Wigley hull and carried out to demonstrate the stable convergence, the effectiveness and the robustness of the method. For the calculation of the wave resistance, normal dipoles and Rankine sources are distributed on the body surface and Rankine sources on the free surface. The free surface boundary condition is linearized with respect to the oncoming flow. Four-points upwind finite difference scheme is used to compute the free surface boundary condition. A hyperboloidal panel is adopted to represent the hull surface, which can compensate the defects of the low-order panel method. The design of a 5500TEU container carrier is performed with respect to reduction of the wave resistance. To reduce the wave resistance, calculated pressure on the hull surface is modified to have the lower fluctuation, and is applied as a Dirichlet type dynamic boundary condition on the hull surface. The designed hull form is verified to have the lower wave resistance than the initial one not only by computation but by experiment.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.279-287
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• 2015

The present research was carried out in order to investigate the occurrence of problematic weed species in Cnidium officinale Makino. Field in South Korea. Total 53 sites of the 3 different regions in S. Korea were investigated from May to October, 2014. In Cnidium officinale fields, the identified weeds were distributed in 35 families and 99 species. Total 5 communities that consist of Commelina communis, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Persicaria vulgaris, Chenopodium album-Acalypha australis, and Galinsoga ciliata dominated the appearance. The weeds occurred in Cnidium officinale fields were divided into three groups in principal component plot analysis (PCA). It was observed that in control weeds plots; 20 plants of Cnidium officinale fresh weight is 739.9 g while the uncontrolled plots have no Cnidium officinale plants. The current investigation could be useful for estimation of future weeds occurrence, weed flora dynamics and establishment of weed control methods in Cnidium officinale fields in Korea.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2001

Loop-loop electromagnetic (EM) survey in frequency domain has been carried out in order to provide basic solution to geotechnical applications. Source and receiver configuration may be horizontal co-planar (HCP) and/or vertical co-planar (VCP). Three quadrature components of mutual impedance ratio for each configuration are used to construct the subsurface image. For the purpose of obtaining the model response and validating the reasonable performance of the inversion, we obtained each responses of two-layered and three-layered earth models and two-dimensional (2-D) isolated anomalous body. The response of 2-D isolated anomalous body has been calculated using extended Born approximation for the solution of 2.5-D integral equation describing EM scattering problem. As a result of the least-squares inversion with variable Lagrangian multiplier, we could construct more resolvable image from HCP data than VCP data. Furthermore, joint inversion of HCP and VCP data made better stability and resolution of the inversion. Resistivity values, however, did not exactly match the true ones. Loop-loop EM field data was obtained with EM34-3XL system manufactured by Geonics Ltd. (Canada). Electrical resistivity survey was conducted on the same line for the comparison in advance. Since the constructed image from loop-loop EM data by 2-D inversion algorithm showed almost similar resistivity distribution to that from electrical resistivity one, we expect the developed 2.5-D loop-loop EM inversion program can be applied for the reconnaissance site survey.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.139-151
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• 2017

The habitat preference of roe deers(Capreolus pygargus) in Jeju island, South Korea was analyzed by using their occurrence probability in MaxEnt model in this study. Totally 490 surveying data were gathered and 15 environmental variables were chosen for the model in which 6 variables out of 15 ones were filtered and finally removed because of there being higher correlation(over 0.7 in correlation coefficient). According to the modeling, roe deers were known to prefer the area ranging from 200 to 700 meter and over 1,500 meter in sea level, where there were not many dominant tree and/or dominant vegetation with low density so that understory vegetation can grow well with plentiful sunlight and can be used as a food of herbivore like roe deers. Otherwise, the region ranging from 700 to 1,500 meter was mostly covered with high density vegetation which cut off sunlight trying to penetrate through the dominant vegetation. It can cause a lower density of vegetation on surface, which can not attract to roe deers.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.70-78
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• 2000

In this study, a new method for canceling MRI artifacts through the motion translation of image plane is presented Breathing often makes problems in a clinical diagnosis. Assuming that the head moves up and down due to breathing, rigid translational motions in only y(phase encoding axis) direction are treated Unlike the conventional Iterative phase retrieval algorithm, this method is based on the MRI imaging process and analyzing of Image property A new constraint condition with which the motion component and the true image component in the MRI signal can be separated by a simple algebraic operation is extracted After the x(read out) directional Fourier transformation of MRI signal is done, the y(phase encoding) directional spectrum phasing value is Just an algebraic sum of the Image component and the motion component Meanwhile, as It is known that the density of subcutaneous fat area is almost uniform in the head tomographs, the density distribution along a y directional line on this fat area is regarded as symmetric shape If the density function is symmetric, then the phase of spectrum changes linearly with the position Hence, the departure component from the linear function can be separated as the motion component Based on this constrant condition, the new method of artifact cancellation is presented Finally, the effectiveness of this algorithm IS shown by using a phantom with simulated motions.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.658-666
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate among adolescents (total=729) the relationship between their self-esteem, body-cathexis, their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies, their anthropometric characteristics, their perceptions of their body shapes and their experiences with weight control. The results are summarized as follows: The mean values for self-esteem and body-cathexis were generally low, but these values were significantly higher among boys than girls (p<0.01-0.001). However the mean values for their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies were relatively high and were significantly higher among girls than boys (p<0.01). The mean values for Percent Ideal Body Weight (PIBW) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were normal and no significant differences between the genders were observed. The distribution of the PIBW and the BMI values showed a higher rate for normal weights among the girls and a higher rate for underweightedness and obesity among the boys (p<0.01). With regard to their perception of their body image, among the boys, their current figures were almost identical with their idea of an ideal figure, but among the girls, their idea of an ideal figure was thinner than their current figure. The girls were more dissatisfied with their own body image than the boys (p<0.001). Fifty-four percent of the subjects had previous weight control experience, and the girls had significantly more experience than the boys (p<0.001). Their main reason for practising weight control was to lose weight (65.3%) Those who had more weight control experience had lower satisfaction with their body shapes, higher PIBW, higher BMIs or currently had fatter figures. Their standard image of their figures was influenced by TV (40.3%) and friends (36.9%). There was a weakly positive correlation between their self-esteem and their satisfaction with their body shapes, and a weakly negative correlation between their satisfaction with their body shapes and their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies. These results suggest the necessity for an educational program for adolescents as to foster a positive body image. Such a program should consider psychological factors such as self-esteem, satisfaction with body shape and attitudes toward the importance of the body.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.356-364
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• 2020

An experimental study to investigate the effect of self-cleaning of mortar mixed with photocatalyst was performed out in this study. Test parameters included the photocatalyst content and surface roughness of the specimens. The experimental mortar specimens were manufactured by mixing a photocatalyst by cement weight of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0%. In addition, the surface roughness was categorized into three cases. They included flat surface condition, little surface roughness(medium roughness), and high surface roughness. After mortar specimens were cured for 28 days, they were illuminated by an ultraviolet lamp for 24 hours and immersed in a methylene blue conditioning solution for 12 hours. Thereafter, an ultraviolet(UV) lamp was illuminated on the specimens for 48 hours in an experimental chamber and then the color change of methylene blue solution was measured by using a spectrophotometer over illuminating time of UV lamp. The color change of methylene blue tended to increase as photocatalyst contents increased. Test results meant that photocatalyst was effective for self-cleaning in mortar. However, the color change of the methylene blue solution did not show a noticeable tendency at different surface roughness conditions. It might be due to the uneven photocatalyst distribution on the surface of mortar specimens.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.485-492
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• 2014

In regards to natural disasters, vulnerability analysis is a component of the disaster risk analysis with one of its objectives as a basis for planning priority setting activities. The volcano eruption raises many casualties and property in the surrounding area, especially when the volcano located in densely populated areas. Volcanic eruptions cannot be prevented, but the risk and vulnerability can be reduced which involve careful planning and preparations that anticipate a future crisis. The social vulnerability as social inequalities with those social factors can influence the susceptibility of various groups to harm and govern their ability to respond. This study carried out the methods of Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) to measure the socially created vulnerability of the people living in Merapi proximal hamlets in Central Java, Indonesia that refers to the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect the resilience of communities in order to describe and understand the social burdens of risk. Social vulnerability captured here, using a qualitative survey based-data such as interviews to local people with random ages and background to capture the answer vary, also interviews to stakeholders to help define social vulnerability variables. The paper concludes that by constructing the vulnerability index for the hamlets, the study reveals information about the distribution and causes of social vulnerability. The analysis using SoVI confirms that this method works well in ensuring that positive values indicating high social vulnerability and vice versa.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.131-161
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• 2008

Recently electronic journal articles prevail throughout researchers because of the development of internet and electronic publishing technology. It is caused by limited collection development budget, lack of physical storage space for printed journals in libraries, and the user convenience of web services. But from the view of ownership, electronic journals can be unfavorable to information users or libraries who cannot have the permanent right to access all the subscribed journals. Actually the libraries only have right to access journals for subscription periods in using electronic journals. So the users and libraries are willing to purchase printed journals in spite of high cost. As an basis for collaborative collection development and sharing preservation of Korean libraries for the foreign journals, the data analysis is carried out for the journals collection in terms of regional distribution, overlapping status, and journal subject. And the considerables are discussed for collaborative strategic collection development, which means the reduction of overlapped subscription and maximization of utilization in a national standpoint.