• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1590-1598
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• 2014

Based on an analysis on the difference on the measurement sites and their relations to osteoporosis diagnosis and prevalence, this study attempts to investigate the patterns of prevalence in skeletal sites in the aging process. The samples were driven by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2010) on Korean females (n = 4,449) aged from 50 to 89 years. The result shows that the differences on affected sites in the aging process were detected as follow: the osteoporosis prevalence in lumbar spine was relatively high in 50s, 60s and 70s; however, the prevalence in the proximal femur (total hip and femoral neck) was higher in 80s. In terms of the diagnosis identified in a single site, the prevalence in lumbar spine seemed to decrease as age increases; but, the rate went up in the figure of femoral neck. Overall, the osteoporosis prevalence for the diagnosis detected in multiple sites was increased as age goes up. In general, the increase in lumbar osteoporosis prevalence starts earlier than that of femoral neck. The findings of this study also suggests that if the proximal femur site is only used for diagnosing women age in 50s, 60s and 70s, the significant portion of osteoporosis patients could be misdiagnosed as normal.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 1998

Osteoporosis is defined as a pathologic condition in which there occurs no change in the chemical composition of the bone, while bone resorption is abnormally increased. This compares with osteogenesis, which leads to a decrease in the amount of bone. Though many varieties of therapies have been tried, no fully effective method has been found. Korean red ginseng is an important variety of Korean ginsengs and many studies have been performed to investigate its effectiveness. But there has been no report on red ginseng's effects on osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical effects of Korean red ginseng on postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. The study was designed as a double-blind study. Group I consisted of 30 postmenopausal osteoporosis patients who were administered red ginseng extracts and 15 patients who were administered maltose capsules, were included in group II. The following results were obtained after one-year administration to both groups. 1. There were no significant differences in the degree of wedging, number of compression fractures in the vertebral body, trabeculations, and Cobb's angles between the experimental and control groups. 2. Even though bone mineral density increased in the lumbar spine, and decreased in the femur, there was no significant statistical difference. 3. The serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphates showed no difference between the two groups regardless of treatment. 4. Urine Deoxy-pyridinoline (DPYD) decreased in the red ginseng group while it increased in the maltose group, but statistically there was no significant difference between the two groups. 5. The clinical presentations showed no significant differences using Visual Analog Scale. 6. The specific complications related with the long-term use of red ginseng did not occur in all patients. In conclusion, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical presentations, biochemical, and radiological studies between the red gins eng and maltose groups. No definite effectiveness of red ginseng on patients with osteoporosis was found.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.205-215
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and bone health status among adults over 65 years old. Methods: The study subjects were 1,843 adults over 65 years old drawn from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2008-2010. Oral health status included the number of remaining teeth, and prosthetic appliance status. Bone health statuses were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Bone health statuses were classified into normal (T-score ${\geq}-1.0$), osteopenia (-2.5 < T-score < -1.0), and osteoporosis (T-score ${\leq}-2.5$). Complex samples chi-square test was used to estimate the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and bone health status, and related factors included in the model were analyzed with the complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results: Using the multinomial logistic regression analytic method, the elderly having 20 or more remaining teeth and those having less than 20 remaining teeth with prosthesis were compared. The latter group had 1.89 times higher rate of being diagnosed as having osteoporosis. Conclusions: This study suggests that oral health is an important factor for geriatric osteoporosis. Therefore, in order to prevent fractures due to osteoporosis and osteoporosis in old age, it is necessary to be aware of the relationship between oral health and osteoporosis, and oral health should be considered when preparing preventive management strategies.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and results in vulnerability to fracture. Calcium and vitamin D are known to play an important role in bone health. Recently, potassium has been identified as another important factor in skeletal health. We examined the link between potassium intake and bone health among the Korean older adult population. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 8,732 men and postmenopausal women over 50 years old who completed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) between 2008 and 2011. Potassium consumption was evaluated using a 24-hour recall method. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at three sites (total hip, femur neck, and lumbar spine) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the link between potassium intake and prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia, after controlling for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: The BMD of the total femur and Ward's triangle were significantly different according to the potassium intake among men (P = 0.031 and P = 0.010, respectively). Women in the top tertile for potassium intake showed higher BMD than those in the bottom tertile at all measurement sites (all P < 0.05). Daily potassium intake was significantly related to a decreased risk of osteoporosis at the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women (odds ratios: 0.68, 95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.96, P trend = 0.031). However, the dietary potassium level was not related to the risk of osteoporosis in men. CONCLUSION: Current findings indicate that higher dietary potassium levels have a favorable effect on bone health and preventing osteoporosis in older Korean women.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of simultaneous computed tomography (CT) and quantitative CT (QCT) in patients with osteoporotic hip fracture (OHF) by analyzing the osteoporosis detection rate and physician prescription rate in comparison with those of conventional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Materials and Methods: This study included consecutive patients older than 65 years who underwent internal fixation or hip arthroplasty for OHF between February and May 2015. The patients were assigned to either the QCT (47 patients) or DXA group (51 patients). The patients in the QCT group underwent QCT with hip CT, whereas those in the DXA group underwent DXA after surgery, before discharge, or in the outpatient clinic. In both groups, the patients received osteoporosis medication according to their QCT or DXA results. The osteoporosis evaluation rate and prescription rate were determined at discharge, postoperative (PO) day 2, PO day 6, and PO week 12 during an outpatient clinic visit. Results: The osteoporosis evaluation rate at PO week 12 was 70.6% (36 of 51 patients) in the DXA group and 100% in the QCT group (P<0.01). The prescription rates of osteoporosis medication at discharge were 70.2% and 29.4% (P<0.001) and the cumulative prescription rates at PO week 12 were 87.2% and 60.8% (P=0.003) in the QCT and DXA groups, respectively. Conclusion: Simultaneous CT and QCT significantly increased the evaluation and prescription rates in patients with OHF and may enable appropriate and consistent prescription of osteoporosis medication, which may eventually lead to patients' medication compliance.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2019

Objectives : Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone mass and increased bone fragility. It has become a major problem of senior citizens. The purpose of this study is to experiment the effect of water extract of Forsythiae Fructus (wFF) on osteoclast differentiation; and the other purpose is to examine the effect of wFF on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rat. Methods : To investigate the effect of wFF on osteoclast differentiation and activity, RAW 264.7 cells were used. The number of TRAP positive cell, TRAP activity, pit area, mRNA expression of makers (RANK, TRAP, CA II, CTK, MMP-9, NFATc1, c-Fos), protein expression of makers (NFATc1, c-Fos) were investigated. For in vivo study, 40 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced osteoporosis by ovariectomy (OVX) and then tested for anti-osteoporosis effect by administration of wFF. Results : wFF suppressed osteoclatogenesis, TRAP activity and pit area formation. Moreover, wFF decreased the expression of master differentiation factors (NFATc1, c-Fos) and also reduced the osteoclastogenesis-related markers (TRAP, CA II, CTK, MMP-9). These suggest that wFF inhibit osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption. In the OVX rat model, wFF inhibited decreasing of BMD and trabecular area. Conclusions : Forsythiae Fructus should be effective for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.281-286
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• 2019

This study, which checked diagnostic agreement at the femoral region and lumbar region during diagnosis of osteoporosis and surveyed errors related with choosing measured parts, aimed at providing basic date for right diagnosis of osteoporosis. The study, using the first, second years of the fifth period from initial data from National Nutrition Survey, surveyed 1,637 men and 2,128 women at the age of 50 years or older. The study used kappa test to grasp the agreement between the occurrence of osteoporosis at the femoral region and lumbar region and whether or not received doctor's diagnosis. Women showed diagnostic agreement of osteoporosis at all of the femoral region and lumbar region, with diagnostic agreement of the lumbar region being higher than that of the femoral region. While, men showed diagnostic agreement of osteoporosis only at the lumbar region. Bone density changes with the age and varies depending on parts, and so, the study believes, measuring bone density should conduct all of the femoral region and lumbar region and diagnosis had better be made focused on the lumbar region.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

Objective: To analyze osteoporosis treatment patterns and teriparatide prescription-associated factors in Korea by using a national health insurance claims database. Methods: We utilized the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service National Patients Sample claims database to identify patients (aged ≥50 years) with at least one osteoporosis claim (International Classification of Disease 10th revision code: M80, M81, M82) and at least one prescription for osteoporosis medication (antiresorptive agents: bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, denosumab, and calcitonin; bone-forming agent: teriparatide) in 2018. Demographic characteristics and healthcare utilization patterns were analyzed. Factors associated with teriparatide prescriptions were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Records showed that 44,815 patients were prescribed osteoporosis medications in 2018; the percentage of patients prescribed each treatment was as follows: 86.6% bisphosphonates, 13.9% selective estrogen receptor modulators, 3.1% calcitonin, 2.1% denosumab, and 0.7% teriparatide. A greater proportion of patients prescribed teriparatide were ≥75 years (53.4% vs. 33.8%) and had fractures (63.9% vs. 12.8%) compared to the same for antiresorptives (p<0.001). Patients prescribed teriparatide had higher Charlson comorbidity index values (1.2±1.3 vs. 0.9±1.2) and were more frequently hospitalized (0.8±1.3 vs. 0.1±0.5) than those prescribed antiresorptives (p<0.001). Elderly patients (≥75 years old; adjusted OR=1.66; 95% CI 1.16-2.38) and those with fractures (adjusted OR=6.23; 95% CI 4.76-8.14) were more likely to be prescribed teriparatide than antiresorptives. Conclusion: Patients prescribed teriparatide were older and more likely to have severe osteoporosis than those prescribed antiresorptives.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2023

Background and Purpose: As it becomes an aging society, interest in senile diseases is increasing. Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and osteoporosis are representative senile diseases. Various studies have reported that AD and osteoporosis share many risk factors that affect each other's incidence. This aimed to determine if active medication treatment of AD could affect the development of osteoporosis. Methods: The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service provided data consisting of diagnosis, demographics, prescription drug, procedures, medical materials, and healthcare resources. In this study, data of all AD patients in South Korea who were registered under the national health insurance system were obtained. The cohort underwent conversion to an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership-Common Data Model version 5 format. Results: This study included 11,355 individuals in the good persistent group and an equal number of 11,355 individuals in the poor persistent group from the National Health Claims database for AD drug treatment. In primary analysis, the risk of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the poor persistence group than in the good persistence group (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.32]; p<0.001). Conclusions: We found that the good persistence group treated with anti-dementia drugs for AD was associated with a significant lower risk of osteoporosis in this nationwide study. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological link in patients with two chronic diseases.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2024

Purpose: To assess current practice in the treatment of osteoporosis in patients who underwent treatment for hip fracture in South Korea. Materials and Methods: A survey of 97 members of the Korean Hip Society, orthopedic hip surgeons who administer treatment for hip fractures in South Korea, was conducted. The survey was conducted for assessment of demographic data and perceptions regarding the management of osteoporosis in patients who have undergone treatment for hip fracture. Analysis of the data was performed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The majority of participants were between the age of 41 and 50 years, and 74% were practicing in tertiary hospitals. Testing for serum vitamin D levels (82%) was the most commonly performed laboratory test. Calcium and vitamin D were prescribed for more than 80% of patients by 47% and 52% of participants, respectively. Denosumab was the most commonly used first-line treatment option for osteoporosis in hip fracture patients. Bisphosphonate was most often perceived as the cause of atypical femoral fractures, and the most appropriate time for reoperation was postoperative 12 months. Teriparatide was most preferred after cessation of bisphosphonate and only prescribing calcium and vitamin D was most common in high-risk patients for prevention of atypical femoral fracture. Conclusion: The results of this study that surveyed orthopedic hip surgeons showed that most participants followed the current strategy for management of osteoporosis. Because the end result of osteoporosis is a bone fracture, active involvement of orthopedic surgeons is important in treating this condition.