• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.163-174
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• 2023

Simgok Seowon was established to honor Jo Gwang-jo, who is a scholar and politician in the mid-Joseon period. It is located in a propitious site based on Feng Shui. Its Jusan is Mugokeumseongchae(武曲金星體) with Wonhwahyul(圓窩穴), and its Ansan is Tamrangmokseongchae(貪狼木星體). It is a Jehyang(祭享)-centered Seowon that sets a Jehyang place in Hyeolcheo. Around the Sadang(祠堂), the Four gods including Jwacheongryong(左靑龍) Woobackho(右白虎), Jujak(朱雀), and Hyeonmu(玄武) protect the Hyeolcheo(穴處) well. It is a typical central axis symmetrical spatial arrangement where everything is located centered on Sawoo(祠宇). It is a type of Jeonhakhumyo(前學後廟) that arranges the main hall at the front of buildings and places the Sadang that is a Jehyang place at the back of Sadang. To the left side of the Sadang, Yeonji(蓮池) was created by applying the principles of Cheonwonjibang(天圓地方), which serves as Yusik(遊息) area with functions to adjust microclimate and to extinguish fires. Feng Shui plays an important role when determining orientation, direction, and location of the buildings. Therefore, it could be regarded as realizing the aesthetic spirit of Cheoninhabil(天人合一) to compose the Feng Shui-oriented spatial arrangement by recognizing accurately the relationship between nature and human being depending on topography, wind, water flow, and point of the compass.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.325-339
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• 2022

Endophytes ascertain a symbiotic relationship with plants as promoters of growth, defense mechanism etc. This study is a first report to screen the endophytic population in Waltheria indica, a tropical medicinal plant. 5 bacterial and 3 fungal strains in leaves, 3 bacterial and 1 yeast species in stems were differentiated morphologically and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The phylogenetic tree of the isolated endophytes was constructed using MEGA X. Silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized from a rare endophytic bacterium Cupriavidus metallidurans isolated from the leaf of W. indica. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer that evidenced a strong absorption band at 408.5 nm of UV-Visible range with crystalline nature and average particle size of 16.4 nm by Particle size analyzer. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrum displayed the presence of various functional groups that stabilized the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction peaks were conferred to face centered cubic structure. Transmission Electron Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope revealed the spherical-shaped, polycrystalline nature with the presence of elemental silver analyzed by Energy Dispersive of X-Ray spectrum. Selected area electron diffraction also confirmed the orientation of AgNPs at 111, 200, 220, 311 planes similar to X-ray diffraction analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles are evaluated for antimicrobial activity against 7 bacterial and 3 fungal pathogens. A good zone of inhibition was observed against pathogenic bacteria than fungal pathogens. Thus the study could hold a key aspect in drug discovery research and other pharmacological conducts of human clinical conditions.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.105-111
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out what self-reflection, relationship reflection, gratitude and happiness reflection, and social reflection among the sayings of Confucius in the Analects of Confucius are reinterpreted in various ways depending on the times and what meaning they contain today. Self-reflection is the process of considering one's identity, values, emotions, thoughts, and actions. Humans grow through reflection because they can identify their own problems, acknowledge their mistakes, find opportunities for improvement, and set a direction for the future. Confucius pursued the life of a gentleman as a person who constantly reflects on his life and grows. We classified it into the four categories presented above and examined them. In an era of coexistence with generative AI, Confucius' reflective life and teachings are recognized as important values in modern society in terms of human-centered value orientation, mature human relationships, and continuous social value realization, and reflection on happiness is the best attitude to life.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.1043-1054
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• 2023

Amidst the rapid growth of the vegan cosmetics market, consumer orientation towards environmental and ethical values has been intensifying. However, research on this subject remains limited. This study delves into the relationship between consumer value perception, environmental motivations, and perceived barriers influencing the purchase intentions of vegan cosmetics. Conducting a PLS-SEM analysis on a sample of 300 women with experience using vegan cosmetics, it was discerned that monetary value, social value, brand value, emotional value, quality value, and environmental knowledge play significant roles in influencing purchase intentions. The moderating effect analysis highlighted image barriers and value barriers as crucial factors. Through Importance-Performance Map Analysis, emotional value emerged as a pivotal element in strategizing to strengthen the purchasing intentions for vegan cosmetics. This research contributes both theoretically and practically to enhancing the competitive edge of the vegan cosmetics market and promoting sustainable consumption behavior.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• v.35
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• pp.25.1-25.12
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• 2023

Background: In Korea, little research has focused on the relationship between discrimination in the workplace and sleep health. Thus, this study aims to investigate the association between such discriminatory experiences and insomnia, a common sleep disorder, using Korean employees' data. Methods: This study used data from the 6th Korea Working Conditions Survey. Discrimination experiences due to age, ethnic background, nationality, race, sex, religion, disability, sexual orientation, educational level, hometown, and employment status were investigated. The Minimal Insomnia Symptom Scale estimated insomnia symptoms. The association between discrimination experience and insomnia symptoms were analyzed using survey-weighted logistic regression analysis. Results: Based on experiences of discrimination over the past 12 months, insomnia symptoms were associated with discrimination experience due to religion (odds ratio [OR]: 3.70; 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.58-8.69), sex (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.87-3.37), age (OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.88-2.81), hometown (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.44-2.97), employment status (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.37-2.10), and educational level (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.31-2.14). Furthermore, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms increased with the number of discrimination experiences. Conclusions: In this study, discrimination experiences due to religion, sex, age, hometown, employment status, and educational level were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms. Furthermore, as the number of discrimination experiences increased, so did the prevalence of insomnia. Preventing workplace discrimination may improve workers' sleep health.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.131-149
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• 2015

Recently many organizations have engaged in widespread restructuring as well as more flexible usage of labor in an attempt to cut costs and to increase profit. As a result of lays offs resulting from frequent restructuring, many people no longer consider their jobs as permanent positions. many employees have an increased feeling of job insecurity. There structuring and following downsizing have created an uncertain environment within creased fear offer ther job losses. therefore the study of job insecurity is significant. especially To understand the relationship between job security and union-relation behaviors on the industrial relations. The purpose of this study suggested the strategies to company and union. The purpose of this study is to examine how the union-relation behaviors are influenced by the job security. This study built a exploratory model that there is causal relationship of job security to union commitment, dual commitment, and labor related behaviors. For the verification of this study model, the regression analysis was applied to the surveys of 236 members of union that are located in Busan, Gyeongnam, Ulsan, and Pohang. The result of this research shows that the job insecurity is strongly related to the union commitment and union related behaviors. According to the research, the effect that the job security affects union commitment and union related behaviors are positive. With the research outputs, we have discussed about the academic and pragmatic viewpoint. We proposed comprehensive model to verify how the job insecurity affects the union-related behaviors, and objectively analyzed the model. The research result was opposite to what the existing theories have said that high job insecurity derives high union-related behaviors. This result is meaningful because it is concerned with the social issues-present situation of Korean company, low-employment, unstable employment and so on. Moreover, this research may contribute to expand the aspect of academic research on job insecurity as there are few research conducted in korea. This research also suggests the realistic alternative of union-related behaviors because it is proved that job security can contribute to innovation activities. Also, this research implies that the matter of job insecurity is the basic need of organizational individual and presents that job security is not a notion but the alternative by using of the positional stability and situational control power. The limitation of this research is that it is only utilized the cross-sectional study. To remedy the cross-sectional study, vertical, and serial method of research is needed. And there is no enough sample to secure more comprehensive data as the targets of the research is limited to Busan and Gyeongnam regions. Finally, the measurement tool for job security is needed to be suitably modified to by the South Korea's economic, linguistic, and cultural situation.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.14-27
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze the influence of bakery cafes servicescape on customer satisfaction and revisit intention, and to verify the mediating effect of customer satisfaction on the relationship between servicescape and revisit intention. This study targeted 10 bakery cafes located in Seoul, and after asking the persons concerned of the bakery cafes to check understanding, a survey with customers aged 20 or over was conducted over 10 days from March 15th to 24th 2015. A total of 250 self-administered questionnaires were distributed, and 244 questionnaires(97.6%) were used for study analysis after the exclusion of 6 incomplete and unreliable responses. To investigate the demographic characteristics of the respondents, a frequency analysis was carried out; for verification of the reliability and validity of the measuring tools, a reliability analysis and exploratory factor analysis were carried out; and for verification of the research hypotheses, simple and multiple regression analyses as well as a mediation analysis were carried out. All the data required for this study were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 statistic program. The study findings showed that servicescape influenced customer satisfaction and revisit intention, and that Customer satisfaction had a mediating effect. Based on these findings, future marketing strategies and differentiated servicescape application methods for bakery cafes were suggested. Moreover, the limitations of the study and orientation for further research were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.286-299
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• 2015

This study was to investigate the relationship between safety & quality management changes of patient and changes in management activities based on hospital workers in five mental hospitals and five geriatric hospitals which should be required medical certifying authorities. As a result of the research study, participation whether or not of certification service of mental hospital & geriatric hospital workers was positive correlation to improve change of 'Performance level of Safety Activities for the patient' 'Provide the High Quality Medical Service for the patient' 'Respect the Rights and Responsibility of the patient' 'Performance level of Infection Control Activities' out of contents of Patient Safety & Medical Service Quality. Also developmental changes of Safety Activities for the patient Hospital Quality for the patient Rights and Responsibility of the patient out of contents of Patient Safety & Medical Service Quality need to the Capacity Management Activities through Education and training, and Medical System & Evaluation of Management Provide the High Quality Medical Service for the patient out of contents of Patient Safety & Medical Service Quality need to the need to the Customer Orientation Process.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-21
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• 1999

Nursing organization culture is common patterns of believing, thinking and behaving resulted from a variety of experiences and interaction nurses in the same setting. This study was performed based on the assumption of existence of different subcultures within meta-culture, to identify the differences of subculture among 5 nursing units and to analyze the relationship between nursing organization culture and organizational commitment In this study, two kinds of instruments were used. One was the instrument of nursing organization culture developed by researcher through literature review and interview with nurses. The other one was Mowday's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire to measure organizational commitment of nurses. Both of them were structured with 5 scale. The answers were analyzed using SPSS program. The results were as follows : The meta-culture of the nursing organization culture was the people stable culture. There were significant differences in people development culture and people stable culture among 5 nursing units and all 5 units had different culture score. Especially, emergency room had strong development culture, and stable culture was dominant in operating room. Other units except emergency room and operating room had high scores in people stable culture than other culture types, but revealed different distribution. There were significant differences of the nursing organizational culture types -people development, task development, people stable, task stable-among 5 units. Four types of nursing organizational culture consisted of competing values in one organization. Nurses's organizational commitments were sign ificantly different among the units. The score per ceived by nurses who work in emergency room, operating room and leu was higher commitment score than that of medical/surgical nursing units Nurse's commitment to nursing organization was also related to total work period as nurse in any setting and work period in this hospital. Organizational commitment was significantly different among the nursing culture types, indicating that the scores of developmental culture were higher than stable culture. In conclusion, there were many different subcultures in nursing organization. In subculture, the organizational commitment was different. Therefore, the change of nursing organization culture or nursing unit culture needs to be considered to hire, give orientation, teach. and reallocate nurses efficiently. Research on nursing organization culture using both qualitative and quantitative method needs to be further considered. Furthermore, the strategy in nursing organization culture for nursing administrator to manage human resources efficiently and to change nursing unit effectively, needs to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 1985

The recent problems of adolescents are leading us to amphasize school mental health program. Therefore, for the first step of that program, this study was attempted to find out the students' daily life stress, their adaptation beharior to resolve that stress, and their self-concept which has an effect on that beharior, to analyze the relationship among those three variables, and to provide basic data which help maintain and promote students' adaptability and mental health. The subjects were 4 classes each grade, 743 students who were chosen as a sample subject among the total of 3,250 students of a junior girls' school in Seoul by stratified sampling method. The Oquestionnair surrey was done from April 1, 1985 to April 6, 1985. The instruments were (1) a part of Junghoon chois' perceptual Orientation Scale for measuring self-perception of students, (2) Rosenberg's Questionnair for measuring students' evaluation of self-esteem, (3) modified Bell's Adoptive Behavior Questionnair, and (4) the Measuring scale for stress developed by the investigator. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, x²-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearsons' Correlation. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The range of mean score of self-concept, stress, and adaptation beharior is 1-5 respectively. The mean score of self concept was 3.45. The mean score of stress was 2.53, and the degree of stress was in order of the problem of study and grade marks, girl friend, appearance, and relaxation. The subjects preferred effective long-term adaptation method (Mean=2.81) to ineffective short-term adaptation method. (Mean=2.47) 2. The self-concept had the highest degree when students were 1st grade, in good health condition, taking high grade marks, both parents existing, fathers' educational level being above college, and being in high economic status. The degree of stress was significantly high when students were 3rd grade, in poor health condition, having low grade marks, being in poor economic status, and fathers' educational level being under elimentary school. In relation with adaptation method, 1st grade students used more sbort-term and long-term method, and when students had high grade marks, being in high economic status. they used more long-term adaptation behavior. 3. Two Hypotheses of this research were tested: Hypothesis 1. "The higher the students' self-concept is, the more they use long-term adaptation method." was accepted. (r=.2482, p<.01) (t=-4.99, p<.001) Hypothesis 2. "The higher the students' stress is, the more they use short-term adaptation method." was accepted. (r=.2897, p<.01) (t= -7.51, p<.001) In conclusion, a person in charge of school health can help students to adapt effectively by planning and implementing methods which highten their self-concept and lower their stress. But because the correlation among self-concept, stress and adaptation behavior was at a low level, I think that the study, which confirm the relationship of those three variables, is needed.