• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1986

The Woo-Whang-po-Lyong-Whan has been used as one of the traditional medicines in the field of pediatrics so far since Song dynasty, and still it is widely being used nowadays. It might be considered to be a contribution to do further basic experimental studies on antipyretic, anticonvulsive and analgetic action of the Woo-Whang-po-Lyong-Whan. So it's pharmacological studies were carried out comparing to control drugs. ?Following conclusions were obtained. 1. It's antipyretic action was compared to that of aspirin by Writhing response using acetic acid-method. Mice were given one twentith, one tenth and one fifth tablets of the Woo-Whang-po-Lyong-Whan per Kg of body weight, respecitively. Writhing syndrome frequencies were noted as 38.4 in control group. and $18.0{\pm}12$, $13.17{\pm}2.28$, $7.33{\pm}12$ in above esperimental groups, respectively. In aspirin group it was $18.5{\pm}1.0$ when 2mg aspirin per body weight of mice was given. So it was recognized that antipyretic action of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan become remarkable by increasing amounts of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan. ?2. Antipyretic action in normal temperature mice group was not significant by increasing concentration of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan, but body temperature dropping in normal mice group was slightly noted than control. group, but less temperature dropping was noted than aminopyrin group. ?3. In fever provocated rats groups using Salmonella typhimurium, antipyretic action of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan was not observed significantly than control group. And slight antipyretic action was noted in aminopyrin group. So that antipyretic action of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan was not significant than those of general antipyretic used nowadays, but slower action was recognized. ?4. Anticonvulsive action of the Woo-Whang-Po-Lyong-Whan was studies comparing to that of phenobarbital. Action was not remarkable than phenobarbital, but was significant than control group. No significant intesifying action was noted by increasing amounts of the Woo-Whang-Po- Lyong-Whang.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.142-148
• /
• 2009

Anxiety disorders are one of the serious problems which need proper therapy devoid of side effects of presently available medicines. The present study evaluates the anxiolytic and sedative activity of leaf galls of Piper nigrum Linn. in Swiss Albino mice. The pet. ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of leaf galls of Piper nigrum Linn were obtained by continuous soxhlet extraction. The prepared extracts were found to be safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight of mice in the acute toxicity study. Each extract was assessed for anxiolytic activity in Swiss Albino mice by elevated plus Maze, open field test, rota rod test and phenobarbitone induced sleeping time test. In the Elevated Plus Maze test, the pet.ether extract and chloroform extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. orally, significantly (P < 0.01) increased the number of entries and time spent in open arm comparable with standard diazepam at the dose of 10 mg/kg. b.w. p.o. In the open field test, pet. ether extract (50 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) showed significant increase (P < 0.01) in ambulation and activity in the center. Chloroform extract (50 mg/kg b.w p.o.) was significant (P < 0.05) for both ambulation and center activity. Pet. ether extract (50 mg/kg b.w. p.o) also showed significant activity (P < 0.01) in rota rod test. All the results are comparable with standard diazepam at the dose of 1 mg /kg b.w, p.o. Moreover all the extracts showed significant (P < 0.01) increase in the phenobarbitone induced sleeping time among which pet.ether showed more prominent activity (36%) comparable with control. The results revealed that, the active pet.ether extract and chloroform extract of leaf galls of Piper nigrum Linn is worthwhile to develop the bioactive principle for anxiolytic activity.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.91-104
• /
• 2000

Many synthetic bone materials have been studied for their potential of regenerative effects in periodontal tissue. Safflower seeds have been traditionally used as a drug for the treatment of fracture and blood stasis in oriental medicines. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the osseous responses in rat calvarial defects between bone substitutes such as calcium carbonate and bovine-derived hydroxyapatite and feeding of safflower seeds. The calvarial defects were made with 8 mm trephine bur in 24 Sprague-Dawley rats. Two graft materials were implanted in each experimental groups, whereas the control and safflower seed feeding groups were sutured without any other treatment. And then the rats of safflower seed feeding group were supplied with 3 g/day of safflower seeds. Each group was sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. To study a histopathology related to bone healing and regeneration, Goldner's Masson Trichrome stain was done at each weeks. The tissue response was evaluated under light microscope. There were more osteoblastic activity, new bone formation, dense bony connective tissues in bovine-derived hydroxyapatite group compared to other groups at 8 weeks. The osseous defect area of safflower seed feeding group was filled with prominent fibrous tissues, where less inflammatory infiltration and new capillary proliferation. In the early phase of bone healing, safflower seed feeding reduces the inflammatory response and promotes the proliferation of connective tissue. These results suggest that natural bovine-derived HA and safflower seed feeding could enhance the regenerative potential in periodontal defects.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.417-428
• /
• 2007

Most oriental medicinal plants in domestic markets have been imported, but these medicines are being easily exposed to many insect pests because of the poorness of storage facilities. This study was carried out to identify stored products insect pests occurring in 158 storage medicinal plants belonging to 134 genera of 67 families. No insect pests were not observed in 44 medicinal plants including Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., Cassia sieboldii Presl., and Juniperus chinensis L. Most commonly observed stored products insect pests in the surveyed medicinal plants were the order of as follows; Ahasverus advena(Waltl) 12.3%, Lasioderma serricorne F. 11.5%, Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. 10.3%, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) 9.4%, Stegobium paniceum L. 8.4%, and Plodia interpunctella(Hbner) 7.9%. And these insects also are likely to prefer more root or rhizome part than the other ones. Based on these basic survey results, natural products researchers can obtain an important information in finding an insecticidal or fumigant compounds contained in the medicinal plants which any insect pests do not attack.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.257-262
• /
• 2013

Osteoporosis is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis, the bone mineral density is reduced, bone microarchitecture deteriorates, and the amount and variety of proteins in bone are altered. $It^{\circ}{\emptyset}s$ caused by the imbalance between born resorption and born formation. Recently natural products from plants have been extensively studied as therapeutic drugs to treat and prevent various diseases. Wheat bran is the hard outer layers of wheat grain and produced as a by-product of milling in the production of refined grains. In oriental medicines, Bu So Maek (Tritici Immaturi Semen) with wheat bran has been used as bronchitis, sedatives and anti-sweating effects. However effects of wheat bran butanol fraction (WBB, 50 ${\mu}g/ml$) in osteoclast differentiation remains unknown yet. Thus we investigated the effects of WBB on RANKL induced osteoclast differentiation. WBB inhibited osteoclast differentiation by downregulating the RANKL-induced activations of MAP kinases. Moreover mRNA expression of osteoclast-mediating molecules such as c-Fos, NFATc1 and DC-STAMP were attenuated by WBB during osteoclast differentiation. The finding of this study show that WBB and its components might prevent osteoclast-related bone loss.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2015

The medical information of Lee-Kyukyeong has been considered as one of the cases delivering western medical knowledge, attracting public attention. The medical theories delivered from western countries were very unfamiliar and unique however he knew that e dissection information of East Asia was more detailed compared to the dissection theories of East Asia left in East Asia. And, he made a valuation of the East Asian traditional medical information related to human body in the book. However, the information that he left was mixed with medical books, many written statements and encyclopedias in fashion etc. and many information written by him delivers very unique legends with the confirmation of the information about the human body. Therefore, there are many cases that these information are hard to be discussed at the same level and there are wrong information in therms of 'Fact' and introductions in terms of opposite contetns in the same article. This is originated from the advantages and limits that "OhjuYeonmunJangjeonSango" has, whose author tried to collect the knowledge as much as possible in the same frame under the identical topic. This is the example that shows the climate of the some intellectuals who made an example by accepting all kinds of information and making information of their own. This intelligent climate clearly shows the discordance between medical information suggested by Ohju and the medical reality that Ohju faced. In other words, there were latest information in "Ohju-Yeonmun-Jangjeon-Sango", but had to be sensitive in supply of medicines for Ohju who used to live in the backwoods. Therefore, the medical benefits that he could choose were single - medicine prescription that is closer to conventional medicine and experiential prescription and Yangsaengsoo which medical costs do not occur. These facts imply that the stories about the latest opinion that was in fashion to look at the medical reality in late Chosun Dynasty and detailed research on the daily life that one person faced should be accompanied.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2019

Objectives This study aimed to review clinical studies about Korean medicine used in peroneal nerve palsy. Methods In 11 online databases (Earticle, Research Information Sharing Service, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, KMbase, Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, National Digital Science Library, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Ebscohost, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure), we searched clinical studies about Korean medicine. Among the studies that we've searched, we excluded the studies that are not related to Korean medicine, case reports, randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies. As a result, 16 case studies and 1 randomized controlled trial are included. Results Total number of patients was 123. In these studies, acupuncture (100%), herbal medicine (58.8%), pharmacopuncture (58.8%), Korean physical therapy (58.8%), moxibustion (41.1%), cupping (41.1%) etc. were used. In acupuncture, GB34 and ST36 were most frequently used. Most of the herbal medicines used in these studies were different. Range of movement were most frequently used in outcome measure. Conclusions In this study, we reviewed studies about Korean medicine used in peroneal nerve palsy. It was difficult to clearly determine which intervention has improved the symptom. In the future, Further clinical studies will be needed to retain the evidence for the treatment of peroneal nerve palsy. And also more randomized controlled clinical trials to prove the efficacy of Korean medicine will be needed.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.82-102
• /
• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine inhalation therapy in children by analyzing recent randomized controlled trials conducted in China. Methods We searched the clinical studies from the China Academic Journal (CAJ) in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) using a by key word '霧化吸入' and specific criteria from 1st January 2010 to 2nd July 2019. Data regarding years of publication, demographic information, target diseases or symptoms, treatment methods, outcome measure, results and adverse events are collected for this study. Results Total of 44 randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed. Respiratory diseases and symptoms (84.1%) were the most frequent target diseases that herbal medicine inhalation therapy was used. Acute stomatitis was another disease state that the therapy was used. In most of the studies, the herbal medicine inhalation in children showed significant efficacies. The most commonly used herbal medicines were Ephedrae Herba (麻黃), Lonicera Flos (金銀花), Armeniacae Semen (杏仁), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (甘草), Scutellaria Radix (黃芩), Forsythia Fructus (連翹) etc. Hardly any adverse effects were reported from the trials selected. Conclusions Based on the results of the clinical studies from China, herbal medicine inhalation therapy in children can be an effective and safe option for treatment and symptom improvement.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.189-201
• /
• 2022

Jellyfish is an emerging aquaculture species, farmed for Oriental cuisines and nutraceutical ingredients. This study aimed to examine antioxidative and antimicrobial potentials of various fractions of the jellyfish, Acromitus hardenbergi. The bell and oral arms of the jellyfish were sequentially extracted with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CHCl₃), methanol (MeOH), and water (H₂O) to extract its bioactive in an increasing polarity gradient. Test fractions were assayed for antiradical activities using electron spin resonance spectrometry, β-carotene-linoleate model and Folin-Ciocalteu assay; and antimicrobial activity against 2 Gram-negative bacteria, 4 Gram-positive bacteria and 2 fungal species using the disc diffusion assay. All fractions were also subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis to identify types of functional groups present. It was found that the hydrophilic extracts (H₂O fractions) possessed the most effective radical scavenging activity (p < 0.05) while the lipophilic extracts (PE fractions) the most active antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria (p < 0.05). Total oxidation substrates content was found to be highest in the PE fractions of jellyfish bell and oral arms (p < 0.05). FTIR data showed that the H₂O and MeOH fractions contains similar functional groups including -OH, -C=O, -N-H and -S=O groups, while the PE, DCM, and CHCl₃ fractions, the -CH₃, -COOH groups. This study showed that A. hardenbergi contains antioxidants and antimicrobials, thereby supporting the traditional claim of the jellyfish as an anti-aging and health-promoting functional food. Bioassay-guided fractionation approach serves as a critical milestone for the strategic screening, purification, and elucidation of therapeutically significant actives from jellyfish.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Traditional medicines isolated from natural products often have positive effects in the prevention and healing of various immune disorders, such as allergy and atopic inflammation. Scrophulariae Radix (SR) been used in oriental medicine used for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Mast cells are known to play important roles in the initiation of allergic reactions. In this study, we investigated the effects of SR ethanol extract on inflammatory responses in IgE-stimulated RBL-2H3 mast cells. Methods : Rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (KCLB No. 22256). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Assays for ${\beta}-Hexosaminidase$ Secretion : RBL-2H3 cells were sensitized with dinitrophenyl-ImmunoglobulinE (DNP IgE). The next antigen DNP-BSA ($25ng/m{\ell}$) was added for 10 minutes and the reaction was terminated after 5 minutes in the ice bath. To determine ${\beta}-Hexosaminidase$ release, supernatants were aliquoted into 96-well plates. Samples were mixed with substrate solution and incubated for 1 h at $37^{\circ}C$. Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer at 405 nm. IL-4 and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$($TNF-{\alpha}$) concentrations in cell culture supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results : The cytotoxicity of SRE in RBL-2H3 cells was less than 5%. SRE inhibited DNP-IgE-imduced degranulation of mast cells in RBL-2H3 cells. Also significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokine, IL-4 and TNF-alpha. In this study, the SRE showed potential anti-allergic and antiinflammatory. Conclusions : These results indicate that SRE could be inhibit the allergic response through suppressing the mast cell activation.