• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2015

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of oriental treatments and rehabilitation on a patient with organic mental disorder after head trauma caused by traffic accident. Methods: We treated the patient with acupuncture, herb-medication, oriental psychotherapy, and rehabilitation. MMSE-K, BDI, K-MBI, FIM were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: The results indicated that MMSE-K was maintained at 27 points; BDI was reduced from 16 points to 5 points; K-MBI was increased from 75 points to 99 points; and FIM was increased from 86 points to 115 points. Furthermore, the treatment resulted in reduced mental symptoms and improved work capacity. Conclusions: Oriental medical treatment has potential validity in improving symptoms of organic mental disorder.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect, safety and tolerability of risperdal sachet(oral solution) with lorazepam tablet versus intramuscular haloperidol and lorazepam injection for management of acute psychotic symptom in the elderly with organic mental disorder. Methods : Total 37 patients who have dementia, medical or physical diseases, associated with acute psychotic symptom were randomly assigned to oral treatment with 1mg of risperdal sachet(oral solution) plus 1mg of lorazepam(N=17) or to intramuscular treatment with 2.5mg of haloperidol plus 2mg of lorazepam (N=20). The change of CGI scores was used for the evaluation of efficacy. Results : Mean score improvements at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after treatment were statistically significant at each time point in both groups(p<0.001) and were similar in both groups(p=0.189). Conclusion : A single oral dose of risperdal sachet(oral solution) plus lorazepam was as effective and tolerable as parenterally administered haloperidol plus lorazepam for the rapid control of acute psychotic symptom in the elderly with organic mental disorder.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2001

연구목적 : 외상후 정신장애 환자들을 두부손상의 부위에 따라 국소화시켜 구분하여 감정장애와 인지기능 장애가 어떻게 관련되는지 심리검사를 분석하여 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 두부외상 후 기질성 정신장애 환자를 MRI 판독에 따른 부위에 따라 4 개의 군으로 분류하여 다면적 인성검사와 한국판 펙슬러 지능검사 척도에 따라 차이를 평가하였다. 결과 : 다면적 인성검사의 우울증 척도는 좌반구 손상환자에서 높은 결과를 보였고 한국판 웩슬러 지능검사의 토막짜기 척도는 우반구 손상환자 군에서 낮은 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 두부외상후 발생하는 정서장애와 인지장애는 병변의 위치에 따라 특정반구의 특정 부위가 상대 우위적인 역할을 하고 병변의 위치에 따른 심리검사 결과 분석이 임상경과와 치료 예후를 예측하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1996

The Evaluation of patients complaining of psychiatric symptoms following head injury is much affected by the results of various tests. The objecive of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of each lest by comparing the structual and fuctional brain studies. The subjects were 93 organic menial disorder in and out patients at the Dept. of Neuropsychiatry of the Kyung Hee University Hospital. After carrying out MRI, CT, SPECT, EEG, the results of each were analysed for the sesitivity and ability to detect focal lesion. The degree of inter-test correlations of lest results were also investigated. Furthermore, the characteristic features of psychological tests were studied and the relationship between each of above mentioned tests and psychological test was examined. As for the test sensitivity to diagnosis, the SPECT was the most superior followed by MRI, CT, EEG in thai order. In the case of abnormality, SPECT ranked 1st in detection of focal lesion, followed by MRI, CT in that order. In the inter-test result correlation, the correlation of SPECT-MRI was statistically significant. When mare than moderate abnormality EEG finding was reported, it correlated significantly with that of MRI findings. In the MMPI, the average scores on F, Hs, D, Hy, Pa, Pt, Sc subscales were above 60. Abnormal SPECT group scored significantly high on the F, Pd, Pa, Sc, Ma scales and therefore in comparison ot the SPECT normal group, displayed more psychotic features. In K-WAIS, the mean full scale IQ was down to 77. 23(Verbal IQ : 78.76, Performance IQ : 77.44) but there was no characterogic significant relationship between the lowered to and abnormal SPECT, MRI, CT and EEG results. In conclusion, 1) The SPECT was mast superior in sensitivity and detection of focal lesions. In comparision with other tests, the results of SPECT correlated well with MRI had thus is thought to be very usefull testing method in the evaluation of organic mental disorder patients. 2) The MRI had relatively high sensitivity, ability to detect focal lesion and superior correlation with other test. 3) Although EEG fared less an sensitivity in comparison to other tests, the results of above moderate abnormal grade group and that of MRI correlated significantly. 4) In the MMPI highly scored in F, Hs, D, Hy, Pa, Pt, Sc subscales and abnormal SPECT patients were shown to display more sever psychotic features. There was no significant character relationship between the lowered IQ(in K-WAIS) and abnormal findings on MRI, CT, SPECT, EEG.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2015

연구목적 본 연구는 Lees-Haley가 1992년 개발한 Postconcussional Syndrome Questionnaire(PCSQ)의 한글판(K-PCSQ)을 개발하고 신뢰도와 타당도를 평가하여 임상적 유용성을 밝히고자 시행되었다. 방 법 2009년 4월 1일부터 2011년 12월 31일까지 고려대학교 안산병원 외래에 내원한 외상성 뇌 손상 환자들 중 International Classification of Disease-10(ICD-10)의 뇌진탕후증후군, 기질성 정신질환(기질성 기분장애, 기질성 불안장애, 기질성 인격장애, 기질성 감정이변성장애)의 진단기준을 만족하는 환자들을 대상으로 포함하였다. 환자들을 대상으로 자가 보고형 평가 척도인 K-PCSQ, State and Trait Anxiety inventory(STAI-I. II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CESD)를 시행하였다. 수집된 자료로 PCSQ의 신뢰도와 타당도를 평가하였으며 요인분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 K-PCSQ의 Cronbach's alpha 값은 0.956, 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 0.836이었으며 STAI-I. II, CESD와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 요인 분석 결과 K-PCSQ는 4개의 요인구조를 보였으며, 제 1 요인은 '기분 및 인지 증상' 요인, 제 2 요인은 '신체 증상' 요인, 제 3 요인은 '드물게 나타나는 증상' 요인, 제 4 요인은 '과장 또는 부주의한 응답' 요인으로 나타났다. 뇌진탕후 증후군 환자와 기질성 정신질환 환자 두 군에서 K-PCSQ의 총점과 4가지 하위 요인의 점수를 비교하였을 때 두 군 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. '과장 또는 부주의한 응답' 항목에 답변한 대상자들은 그렇지 않은 대상자에 비해 K-PCSQ의 총점과 4가지 하위 요인의 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 결 론 본 연구는 K-PCSQ가 두부외상으로 인한 정신의학적 증상을 평가하는데 있어서 유용한 도구임을 확인하였으며, 추후 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 하는 연구를 통해 임상적인 유용성의 평가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.293-300
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• 1994

두부외상후 후유증으로 기질적 정신장애를 호소하는 환자들에서 Tc-99m HMPAO 뇌혈류 SPECT 검사의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 교통사고 및 추락 등에 의한 두부외상후 평균 23개월이 경과되고, 지속적인 여러 정신적 장애를 호소하여 1991년 9월부터 1994년 3월까지 충남대학교병원에서 기질성 정신장애로 진단받고 Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT 검사를 시행한 29명의 환자들을 대상으로 본 연구를 수행하였다. 정신감정결과, CT 및 MRI 결과와 Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT 결과를 비교하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) 두부외상후 기질적 정신장애로 진단된 환자 모두가 Tc-99m HMPAO 뇌혈류 SPECT상 이상소견을 보였으며 MRI상에서는 57%, EEG검사에서는 33%만이 이상소견을 나타냈다. 2) 대상환자 28명중 중 SPECT상 가장 많은 병변은 양측 전두엽 혈류감소 소견(68%)이었으며 MRI 검사에서도 전두엽에 병변(43%)을 보이는 경우가 가장 많았다. 3) MRI 검사상 병변부위에 SPECT상 정상 소견을 보였던 병변은 8예(22%)로 전두엽의 수활액낭종(hygroma) 4예, 작은 뇌경색부위 3예, 및 소뇌의 뇌연화증 1예 이었다. 4) MRI 검사가 정상인 환자 12명중 SPECT상 가장 많은 뇌내 병변은 양측 전두엽의 혈류감소(92%)소견이었다. 5) MMSE 검사상 20점 미만인 환자들에서 20점 이상인 환자군보다 EEG 또는 MRI상 이상소견을 보인 경우가 많았다. 이상의 결과로 저자들은 기질성 정신장애 환자에서 Tc-99m HMPAO 뇌혈류 SPECT는 MRI나 EEG보다 매우 예민한 검사방법으로 생각하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.108-116
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• 1990

1987년 1월 1일부터 1988년 8월 30일까지 서울대학 소아병원 임상 각과에 입원중 소아정신과에 자문이 의뢰되었던 환아를 대상으로 이들에 대한 임상적 특성 및 현 자문활동에 대해 살펴본바 1) 자문의뢰 환아의 평균연령은 10.9세로 국민학생이(57.6%) 가장 많았고 남녀 비는 1.4:1로 남아가 많았고 2) 자문의뢰된 임상각과 분포는 소아과(77.2%) 신경외과(8.9%), 정형외과(4.O%) 순이었고 3) 전체 입원환자에 대한 자문율은 0.81%였으며 소아과(1.4%), 신경외과(3.5%), 기타 임상각과는 0.3% 수준이었으며 1예의 자문도 없었던 과도 상당수 있었고 4) 정신과적 진단분포는 신체화장애(25.O%), 기질성뇌증후군(18.5%) 발달장애(14.1%), 행동장애(6.5%), 불안장애(6.5%) 순이었으며 의뢰 목적은 정신과적 치료보다는 진단적 평가의뢰가 많았고 5) 타과의사의 자문조치 및 진단에 대한 반영도는 본 병원 성인연구와 큰 차이는 없었다. 이상을 종합하여 볼 때 자문활동에 대한 소아정신과 내의 보다 큰 관심이 요하며 타과의사에 대한 정신과적 교육, 타과의사와의 공동연구 및 환자에 대한 상호이해, 성의있는 추적치료 둥의 보다 발전적 방안이 모색되어져야 하겠다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2007

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with a decline in cognitive abilities. Dementia is one of the aged related mental problems and a characteristic symptom of Alzheimer's disease. Nootropic agents like piracetam and cholinesterase inhibitors like $Donepezil^{\circledR}$ are used in situations where there is organic disorder in learning abilities, but the resulting side-effects associated with these agents have limited their utility. Foeniculum (F.) vulgare Linn. is widely used in Indian traditional systems of medicines and also as a house remedy for nervous debility. The present work was undertaken to assess the potential of F. vulgare as a nootropic and anti-cholinesterase agent in mice. Exteroceptive behavioral models such as Elevated plus maze and Passive avoidance paradigm were employed to assess short term and long term memory in mice. To delineate the possible mechanism through which F. vulgare elicits the anti-amnesic effects, its influence on central cholinergic activity was studied by estimating the whole brain acetylcholinesterase activity. Pretreatment of methanolic extract of fruits of F. vulgare Linn. for 8 successive days, ameliorated the amnesic effect of scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg) and aging induced memory deficits in mice. F. vulgare extract significantly decreased transfer latencies of young mice and aged mice, increased step down latency and exhibited significant anti-acetyl cholinesterase effects, when compared to piracetam, scopolamine and control groups of mice. F. vulgare might prove to be a useful memory restorative agent in the treatment of dementia seen in the elderly.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2005

Objectives: Prospective study of quality of life in patients underwent microlaryngeal surgery for dysphonia was performed. Materials and Methods : 51 patients with dysphonia took part in the study, and patients with malignancies or functional voice disorder were excluded. Patients were asked to complete the SF-36 questionnaire before surgery and within 6-12 months after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative SF-36 scores were compared with data on 46 age-matched healthy controls. Results The most of SF-36 subscale scores showed significantly improvement after surgery, except of PF (physical functioning) and MH (mental health). Preoperative scores had significantly poorer than the normal controls on 6 subscales, but there is no statistically significant differences between postoperative scores and normal controls on 5 subscales. Conclusion In the study, patients with organic voice disorder show improvement in quality of life after microlaryngeal surgery.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2004

Objects:It has been reported that the incidence of tardive dyskinesia(TD), the remarkable abnormal involuntary movement, was higher in the schizophrenics with high blood sugar levels and that TD had been improved by small amount of insulin-injection for 90 days. And also it was generally known that the blood lipids were higher in the schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia. Thus, we tried to replicate the correlations of abnormal involuntary movements with blood sugar levels and blood lipids in chronic schizophrenics treated with antipsychotics. Methods:Thirty-eight male schizophrenic inpatients who were stable in clinical state with medications, were included. The patients who had been already diagnosed as diabetes mellitus(DM), organic brain disorder, substance- related disorder, physical illness were excluded and also we excluded female patients to remove the hormonal effect on TD. Eleven patients who ranked higher(above five) in the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS) were assigned into 2 groups, a dibenese group and a placebo group. Diabinese or placebos were administrated for 3 weeks with antipsychotics and AIMS was rechecked. Results:There were no correlations between the total AIMS scores and blood sugar and lipids levels in all subjects. The means of total and subscale scores(objective, face, and extremity) of AIMS did not reveal statistical significances between diabinese and placebo groups. However(total, jaw, face, upper arm, and objective feeling), were statistically higher in the diabinese group than those in the placebo group. And correlations of total cholesterol(TC) with fast blood sugar(FBS), weight with body mass index(BMI) and waist, total glycerol (TG) with BMI were statistically significant. Conclusion:In this study, there were statistical significances in the changes in ratings of AIMS scores between the diabinese group and the placebo group. Application of oral hypoglycemic agent might be a way of improving abnormal involuntary movements in schizophrenics with abnormal involuntary movements or TD. Althogugh it was not certain that there were correlations of abnormal involuntary movement with blood sugar and lipids, correlations of TC/TG with AIMS, of FBS with AIMS cautiously suggest that the regular check of $HbA_1C$, waist, and weight are recommended for schizophrenics.