• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1995

A new method for preparation of thin nickel foam for Ni-MH battery was investigated. In this method, fine graphite powders of $1\mu\textrm{m}$～$2\mu\textrm{m}$ diameter were pasted into pores of thin polyurethane foam film in order to supply electric conducting seeds for nickel deposition by electroless plating reaction. After electroless plating, remaining polyurethane foam was removed chemically by organic solvent treatment and graphite particles also removed by ultrasonic cleaning. Porosity of formed nickel foam was about 85% During electroplating, porosity of the nickel foam decreased less than 5% up to $30\mu\textrm{m}$ coating thickness. And then it was electroplated and heat-treated to improve mechanical strength and ductility. Finally, thin nickel foam for Ni electrode of Ni-MH battery with 80% porosity and $350\mu\textrm{m}$～X$400\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness was obtained.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.2464-2467
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• 2018

Organic batteries are attractive alternatives to conventional inorganic batteries because of their low cost, biodegradation, and renewability, and their consequent environmental friendliness. We investigated the influence of carbon conductors and electrolytes in organic batteries using dilithium terephthalate ($Li_2C_8H_4O_4$). The synthesized dilithium terephthalate has well-grown crystallinity and non-uniform shaped particles without impurities. The dilithium terephthalate-based battery shows good electrochemical properties with a LiTFSI/TEGDME electrolyte and graphene as the carbon conductor in an organic electrode. The results are ascribed to the high lithium transference number of LiTFSI/TEGDME and the high electrical conductivity of graphene.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2017

Ceramic powder, such as MgO, is added as a binder to prepare the green compacts of molten salts of an electrolyte for a thermal battery. Despite the addition of a binder, when the thickness of the electrolyte decreases to improve the battery performance, the problem with the unintentional short circuit between the anode and cathode still remains. To improve the current powder molding method, a new type of electrolyte separator with porous MgO preforms is prepared and characteristics of the thermal battery are evaluated. A Spherical PMMA polymer powder is added as a pore-forming agent in the MgO powder, and an organic binder is used to prepare slurry appropriate for tape casting. A porous MgO preform with $300{\mu}m$ thickness is prepared through a binder burnout and sintering process. The particle size of the starting MgO powder has an effect, not on the porosity of the porous MgO preform, but on the battery characteristics. The porosity of the porous MgO preforms is controlled from 60 to 75% using a pore-forming agent. The batteries prepared using various porosities of preforms show a performance equal to or higher than that of the pellet-shaped battery prepared by the conventional powder molding method.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2021

Technologies for lithium secondary batteries are now increasingly expanding to simultaneously improve the safety and higher energy and power densities of large-scale battery systems, such as electric vehicles and smart-grid energy storage systems. Next-generation lithium batteries, such as lithium-sulfur (Li-S) and lithium-air (Li-O₂) batteries by adopting solid electrolytes and lithium metal anode, can be a solution for the requirements. In this analysis of battery technology trends, solid electrolytes, including polymer (organic), inorganic (oxides and sulfides), and their hybrid (composite) are focused to describe the electrochemical performance achievable by adopting optimal components and discussing the interfacial behaviors that occurred by the contact of different ingredients for safe and high-energy lithium secondary battery systems. As next-generation rechargeable lithium batteries, Li-S and Li-O₂ battery systems are briefly discussed coupling with the possible use of solid electrolytes. In addition, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institutes achievements in the field of solid electrolytes for lithium rechargeable batteries are finally introduced.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2016

The main purpose of the current study was to compare quality of eggs 1) produced from hens housed in battery cages vs. free range, 2) from young vs. old hens, and 3) tagged with the lowest vs. the highest price in a local franchised mart. The ages of hens, at which their eggs were used for the analysis of quality, were 70 weeks old in the experiment 1, 22 and 47 weeks old in the experiment 2, and were unknown in the experiment 3. Eggs were analyzed for weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell color, shell strength, shell thickness, shell weight, yolk color, yolk weight, and egg white weight. In the experiment 1, significant differences were detected between two housing systems in shell color, shell weight, yolk color, and yolk weight (P<0.05), but not in egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell strength, shell thickness, and egg white weight (P>0.05). Although egg weight was slightly but not significantly higher in battery cages by 2.2 g than in free range, yolk weight was significantly higher in battery cage (P<0.05). On the contrary, shell color was greatly increased in free range system by 68.5% compared with battery cage. In the experiment 2, there were significant differences between young and old hens in egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell strength, shell weight, yolk color and yolk weight (P<0.05). Egg weight, shell weight, yolk color and yolk weight were increased in old hens than young hens while albumen height, Haugh unit, and shell strength were decreased. In the experiment 3, egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell weight, and egg white weight were significantly higher in the highest priced eggs than the lowest ones (P<0.05), whereas shell strength and yolk color were lower (P<0.05) but shell color, shell thickness and yolk weight were not different (P>0.05). So, egg freshness was clearly higher in the highest priced ones than in the lowest (P<0.05). Due to the limited information on raising and husbandry of laying hens whose eggs were tested for egg quality in the current study, the present results should be cautiously interpreted while contributing to the future study as a basis in this field.

• 멤브레인
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.92-103
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 리튬이온전지용 친수화된 세퍼레이터의 전기화학적 성능에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 리튬이온전지용 분리막으로 사용되는 폴리올레핀 소재는 소수성이고, 카보네이트 계열의 유기용매를 사용하는 전해액은 친수성을 가진다. 따라서 리튬이온전지는 수계전해액을 사용하기 때문에 폴리올레핀계 분리막에 다양한 친수성 고분자를 도입하여 친수화 처리하였다. 코팅된 세퍼레이터의 변화를 평가하기 위해, 표면 관찰, 코팅시간에 따른 친수화도, 다공성, 젖음성에 대한 특성평가를 수행하였다. 최종적으로 리튬이온이 코팅된 세퍼레이터의 저항과., 이온전도도를 측정하여 리튬이온전지 성능평가를 진행하였다. PMVE로 코팅한 세퍼레이터의 친수화 정도가 우수하며, 세퍼레이터의 기공이 잘 유지되어 우수한 이온전도도를 나타냄으로써 이차전지 배터리에 적용을 위한 잠재성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제27권
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• pp.98-107
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• 2018

Free-standing electrodes of CuO nanorods in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are developed by synthesizing porous CuO nanorods throughout CNT webs. The electrochemical performance of the free-standing electrodes is evaluated for their use in flexible lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The electrodes comprising CuO@CNT nanocomposites (NCs) were characterized by charge-discharge testing, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance measurement. These structures are capable of accommodating a high number of lithium ions as well as increasing stability; thus, an increase of capacity in long-term cycling and a good rate capability is achieved. We demonstrate a simple process of fabricating free-standing electrodes of CuO@CNT NCs that can be utilized in flexible LIBs with high performance in terms of capacity and cycling stability.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2002

본 연구는 유기질토를 토공재로서 활용할 목적으로 시료A(모래+유기질토)와 시료B(풍화토+유기질토)의 두 가지 시료를 유기질토 혼합비를 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%로 혼합하여 각종 실내시험을 실시하였다. 시료A, B의 용출시험에 의한 COD값은 순수 유기질토에 비해 상당히 낮은 값을 보였으며, 초기 침출수의 COD 값은 침출수 수질기준을 약간 상회하였지만 용출시작 4시간후의 COD 값은 매우 적게 나타났다. 모래와 유기질토의 혼합토는 유기질토 혼합비 40%(유기물함유량 11.3%)내에서는 성토재로서의 활용이 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 풍화토와 유기질토의 혼합토는 유기질토 혼합비 30%(유기물함유량 16.4%)이내에서 토공재로서 활용이 가능하다고 판단되어진다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2014

The organic-inorganic composite membrane in polymer exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have several fascinating technological advantages such as a proton conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical properties. As the inorganic filler, silicon carbide (SiC) fiber have been used in various fields due to its unique properties such as thermal stability, conductivity, and tensile strength. In this study, composite membrane was successfully fabricated by modified-silicon carbide fiber. Modified process, as a novel process in SiC, takes reaction by phosphoric acid after oxidation process (generated homogeniusly $SiO_2$ layer on SiC fiber). The mechanical property which was conducted by tensile test of the 5wt% modified-$SiO_2@SiCf$ composite membrane was better than that of Aquivion casting membrane as well as ion cxchange capacity(IEC) and proton conductivity. In addition, the single cell performance was observed that the 5wt% modified-$SiO_2@SiCf$ composite membrane was approximately $0.2A/cm^2$ higher than that of a Aquivion casting electrolyte membrane and electrochemical impedance was improved with the charge transfer resistance and membrane resistance.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2022

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in various fields because they make it easy to control porous structures according to combinations of metal ions and organic linkers. In addition, ZIF (zeolitic imidazolate framework), a type of MOF, is made up of transition metal ions such as Co²⁺ or Zn²⁺ and linkers such as imidazole or imidazole derivatives. ZIF-67, composed of Co²⁺ and 2-methyl imidazole, exhibits both chemical stability and catalytic activity. Recently, due to increasing need for energy technology and carbon-neutral policies, catalysis applications have attracted tremendous research attention. Moreover, demand is increasing for material development in the electrocatalytic water splitting and metal-air battery fields; there is also a need for bifunctional catalysts capable of both oxidation/reduction reactions. This review summarizes recent progress of bifunctional catalysts for electrocatalytic water splitting and metal-air batteries using ZIF-67. In particular, the field is classified into areas of thermal decomposition, introduction of heterogeneous elements, and complex formation with carbon-based materials or polyacrylonitrile. This review also focuses on synthetic methods and performance evaluation.