• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2020

This study analyzed the antioxidant contents and activities of the pedicel and sepals from 12 colored cherry tomatoes ('Green Joy', 'TY Item', 'Dotori Red TY', 'TY Sispen', 'KT Orange TY', 'White Joy TY', 'Dotori Norang TY', 'Beta Tiny', 'Blacklin', 'KT Red TY', 'KT Norang TY', 'Black Joy 200') for their potential use as bioactive ingredients. 'Green Joy' had a significantly higher content of total flavonoids (92.55±3.20 mg CE/100 g FW), total phenolics (261.94±8.32 mg GAE/100 g FW), and total antioxidant activity than the other varieties. The main polyphenols were rutin, chlorogenic acid, and methyl gallate. For all 12 samples, the total flavonoids content was highly correlated with the total phenolics content and the total antioxidant activities. Non-edible parts of cherry tomato have high potential as functional food materials because they contain similar or more antioxidants and antioxidant properties than the pulp of tomato and cherry tomato or other fruits.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2020

A series of Dy³⁺, Sm³⁺, and Dy³⁺/Sm³⁺ doped Gd₂WO₆ phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that all of the diffraction peaks could be attributed to the monoclinic Gd₂WO₆ crystal structure, irrespective of the type and the concentration of activator ions. The photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra of Dy³⁺-doped Gd₂WO₆ phosphors contained an intense charge transfer band centered at 302 nm in the range of 240-340 nm and two weak peaks at 351 and 386 nm. Under an excitation wavelength of 302 nm, the PL emission spectra consisted of two strong blue and yellow bands centered at 482 nm and 577 nm. The PL emission spectra of the Sm³⁺-doped Gd₂WO₆ phosphors had a series of three peaks centered at 568 nm, 613 nm, and 649 nm, corresponding to the ⁶G_5/2 → ⁶H_5/2, ⁶G_5/2 → ⁶H_9/2, and ⁶G_5/2 → ⁶H_11/2 transitions of Sm³⁺, respectively. The PL emission spectra of the Dy³⁺- and Sm³⁺-codoped Gd₂WO₆ phosphors showed the blue and yellow emission lines originating from the ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_15/2 and ⁴F_9/2 → ⁴H_13/2 transitions of Dy³⁺ and reddish-orange and red emission bands due to the ⁴G_5/2 → ⁶H_7/2 and ⁴G_5/2 → ⁶H_9/2 transitions of Sm³⁺. As the concentration of Sm³⁺ increased from 1 to 15 mol%, the intensities of two PL spectra emitted by the Dy³⁺ ions gradually decreased, while those of the three emission bands due to the Sm³⁺ ions slowly increased, thus producing the color change from white to orange. The CIE color coordinates of Gd₂WO₆:5 mol% Dy³⁺, 1 mol% Sm³⁺ phosphors were (0.406, 0.407), which was located in the warm white light region.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2007

The growth stimulation of wild plants by several bacterial species showing plant growth-promoting capabilities was examined in a barren lakeside area at Lake Paro, Korea. Microbial numbers and activities in the field soil were monitored for 73 days after inoculation of the bacteria. The acridine orange direct counts for the total soil bacterial populations ranged between $2.0-2.3{\times}10^{9}\;cells/g$ soil and $1.4-1.8{\times}10^{9}\;cells/g$ soil in the inoculated and uninoculated soils, respectively. The numbers of Pseudomonas spp., which is known as a typical plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and the total microbial activity were higher in the inoculated soil compared to those in the uninoculated soil. The average shoot and root lengths of the wild plants grown in the inoculated soil were 17.3 cm and 12.4 cm, respectively, and longer than those of 11.4 cm and 8.5 cm in the uninoculated soil. The total dry weight of the harvested wild plants was also higher in the inoculated soil (42.0 g) compared to the uninoculated soil (35.1 g). The plant growth-promoting capabilities of the inoculated bacteria may be used for the rapid revegetation of barren or disturbed land, and as biofertilizer in agriculture.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to draw emotional evaluation model related to LED lighting colors and suggest basic informations that enable planned directions of architectural pacade lighting to simulate beforehand in a laboratory. As experimental methods, extracted PAD emotional evaluation model and then directed a experimental model of 10 LED lighting colors, studied and analyzed survey questions. The results are as follows; First, in the case of P(Pleasure-Unpleasure), Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Magenta, White and Combination of $G{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors are satisfying, vibrant and positive distribution chart has shown. Second, in the case of A(Arousal-Unarousal), Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Blue, White and Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}G$, $G{\leftrightarrow}B$, $R{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors, it makes a little difference, they have shown useful distribution chart to induce sight in a aroused state. Third, in the case of D(Dominance-Submissiveness), Red, Cyan, Green and Combinations of $G{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors are free, controlling and extent of effect was excellent. On the contrary, in the case of Yellow and Magenta and Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}B$, they are gentle and arouse the protective instinct or feminine distribution chart has shown. Fourth, it showed difference of preference that difference of select ratios of both men and women in Orange, Blue, Greenish-Yellow (preference of man) and Magenta, Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors(preference of woman).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1981

Crocin was extracted from Gardenia fructus in order to manufacture a natural food dye. In the extraction and purification process methanol and ethanol were used as the most Suitable solvent selected in preliminary test and 9.28%g/100g of Cretin product in 99.89% of purity was acquired. The lethal dose of Cretin administered in mouse by intra peridoneal was 5.36g/kg which is much lower toxic than any other. The toxic dose which caused diarrhoea in rat was 2.55g/kg and maximum no effect level was found to be 272mg/kg. From the $1%{\sim}2.5%$ content of Crocin in rat diet reduction of body weight appeared and GTP and GOT (Transaminase) value in creased significantly. Crocin showed a good properties of tolerating acid, alkali, sunlight, reductant, oxidant, and salt compared with tar dyes. The range from 100 ppm to 500ppm bring out bright $yellow{\sim}orange$ color, the most effective color, with a good solubility in water-slightly in oil. The acceptable daily intake of crocin was calculated as 2.72mg/kg based on maximum no effect dose (2% additive dose).

• Composites Research
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.402-411
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• 2022

In this study, the channels-contained hybrid membranes have been fabricated through the incorporation of glass fibers and GO sheets (GO/glass fibers, GG), or a mixture of chitosan/GO (CS/GO/glass fibers, CGG), as hybrid membranes using in organic dye removal. The material properties are well investigated the terms in the morphological, chemical, crystal, and thermal characterizations for verifying interactions in their formed structure. These hybrid membranes have been fitted well in pseudo-second order and Langmuir models that are associated with chemical adsorption and a monolayer approach, respectively. The highest adsorption ability of methylene blue and methyl orange reached 59.40 mg/g and 229.07 mg/g (GG); and 287.47 mg/g and 252.91 mg/g (CGG), which is more enhanced than that of previous GO-based other adsorbents. Moreover, the dye separation on these membranes could be favorable to superb sealing and trapping dye molecules from water instead of only the dye connection occurring on their surface, regarding the physically sieving effect. The membranes can also be reused within two and three adsorbing-desorbing cycles on the GG and CGG ones, respectively. These membranes can become future adsorbents to be applied for wastewater treatment due to their structural features.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2006

Objective of this research was to determine the effect of application level of fused superphosphate (FSPP) in root media containing granular micronutrient fertilizers (MF) on growth of marigold 'Orange boy' in plug culture. To achieve this, three granular micronutrient mixes such as MF 1, MF 2, and MF 3 were produced and incorporated into three root media, peatmoss+composted pine bark (1:1, v/v, PB), peatmoss+composted rice-hull (1:1, v/v, PR), and peatmoss+composted saw-dust (1:1, v/v, PS), at a rate of $0.3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Elevated application level of FSPP in PS medium containing each of MF resulted in increase of plant growth such as plant height, plant width, stem diameter, fresh weight and dry weight at 35days after sowing. The dry weight in the treatment of MF 1, MF 2, MF 3, and control fertilized with $9.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of FSPP were 0.066g, 0.103g, 0.077g, and 0.095g per plant, respectively. These results indicated that each of MF affected marigold plug seedlings differently. The application level of FSPP resulted in the heaviest fresh and dry weight in PR medium were $9.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in MF 1, $3.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in MF 2, $9.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in MF 3, and $6.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in control. Elevated application level of FSPP in PB medium containing each of the micronutrient mix increased fresh and dry weight. The general trends in response of plant growth to elevated FSPP were linear and quadratic. The dry weight in the treatment of MF 1, MF 2, MF 3, and control fertilized with $9.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of FSPP in PB medium were 0.131g, 0.104g, 0.137g, and 0.111g per plant at 35days after sowing. These results indicated that MF 1 and MF 3 performed better than MF 2 and control treatments in growth of marigold plug seedlings.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2003

This study was carried out to develop a better fruit-dressing than previous mayonnaise in terms of calories, salt content and color, using kiwis, oranges, strawberries, and apples. This study was aimed to identify the perception, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the 4-kinds of fruits dressing. The results were as follows: The perception of the fruit dressings received the highest score (3.90) for 'It's convenience foods'. The misture in the dressings ranged from 49.3 to 59.4%, and was highest in apple dressing, followed by the kiwi, strawberry, and orange dressings, in that order. The crude ash for the dressings ranged from 0.8 to 1.4%, and was highest in the orange dressing. The L value was highest in the apple dressing, the a(-) value in the kiwi dressing, the a(＋) value in the strawberry dressing and the b value in the orange dressing. The Ca/ P ratio was about 1.17 : 1. The results of mineral contents analyses were also examined. The calcium, magnesium and potassium levels were highest in the orange dressing. The mineral contents of fruit dressings were 6.7 to 20.4mg/100g for calcium, 6.5 to 20.5mg/100g for magnesium and 67.2 to 182.6mg/100g for potassium. The sodium content of the fruit dressings were lower than in the previous mayonnaise, especially for the kiwi-dressing, which was 30% that in the mayonnaise. As a result of the sensory evaluations of the 4-kinds of fruits dressing, the kiwi dressing received the highest scores (3.50) of all the fruit-dressings in relation to the taste and palatability. Fruit are good for producing dressings that are low in calories and salt, with kiwi dressing proving to be the best of those fruits tested.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

This study aimed to simultaneously determine various carotenoids from different colored paprika using an ultra performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC) equipped with a HSS T3 column. Analysis was performed at 450 nm using gradient conditions with acetonitrile/methanol/methylene chloride (65/25/10) and distilled water. We improved the peak resolution and performed carotenoid analysis within 30 min. We qualitatively analyzed 11 carotenoids (neoxanthin, capsorubin, violaxanthin, capsanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, ${\alpha}$-cryptoxanthin, ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, ${\alpha}$-carotene, and ${\beta}$-carotene). For the validation of UPLC methods, we validated the precision and accuracy of capsanthin. Capsanthin showed good linearity ($R^2$=0.9998) in the concentration range of $1-200{\mu}g/mL$ with 2.4 and $7.2{\mu}g/mL$ of limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for intra- and inter-day precision was less than 3.83%. Recovery was in the range of 91.86-99.87%. We quantitatively analyzed carotenoid contents from 8 different colored paprika (red, orange, yellow, and green). The most abundant carotenoids were capsanthin in red paprika, and zeaxanthin in orange, yellow, and green paprika.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2021

Cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are phytochrome-related photoreceptor proteins in cyanobacteria and cover a wide spectral range from ultraviolet to far-red. A single GAF domain that they contain can bind bilin(s) autocatalytically via heterologous recombination and then fluoresce, with potential applications as biomarkers and biosensors. Here, we report that a novel red/green CBCR GAF domain, SPI1085g2 from Spirulina subsalsa, covalently binds both phycocyanobilin (PCB) and phycoerythrobilin (PEB). The PCB-binding GAF domain exhibited canonical red/green photoconversion with weak fluorescence emission. However, the PEB-binding GAF domain, SPI1085g2-PEB, exhibited an intense orange fluorescence (λabs.max = 520 nm, λfluor.max = 555 nm), with a fluorescence quantum yield close to 1.0. The fluorescence of SPI1085g2-PEB was selectively and instantaneously quenched by copper ions in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited reversibility upon treatment with the metal chelator EDTA. This study identified a novel PEB-binding cyanobacteriochrome-based fluorescent protein with the highest quantum yield reported to date and suggests its potential as a biosensor for the rapid detection of copper ions.