• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.583-594
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey on the senses that preliminary dental hygienists have on employment, who applied for the National Dental Hygienist Examination, so that it could provide a basic reference required for fostering good human resources specializing in oral health with a sense of mission and responsibility as professional. To meet these goals, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted for participants in a refresher education meeting for preliminary dental hygienists across three major regions(Seoul, Daejeon and Busan), which was held by the Korean Dental Hygienists Association(KDHA) on Jan. 15, 2006. Total 289 sheets of questionnaire were collected, and 262 sheets except invalid or incomplete ones were used for examination and analysis. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions: First, it was found that 40.4% respondents wanted to be employed in dental clinic or hospital. Most respondents(90.1%) answered that faithfulness is most valued as prerequisite qualification for employment in hospital, and highest percentage of respondents(39.3%) wanted to earn 16 to 17 million Korean won annually. For internship opportunities, 61.9% respondents replied that they could willingly accept the internship, provided that basic pay and switchover to regular employee are all assured. Second, as the results of survey on employment circumstances around respondents, it was found that most respondents(58.3%) were employed in dental clinic or hospital, and highest percentage of respondents(35.0%) earned 15 to 16 million Korean won. Third, it was found that interpersonal relationships among employees had most significant effects(4.81) on selection of employment, which was followed by in-house welfare benefits 1(monthly/annual vacation, resting room, etc; 4.56). For possible influential factors on the selection of employment depending on whether employed or not, it was found that there were Significant differences in pay, welfare benefit 2(seminar, orientation, refresher training opportunities, etc), post-wedding continued employment and merit system between employees and non-employees(pE0.05). Fourth, the survey on respondents' occupational senses of dental hygienist showed that major tasks of dental hygienists were represented by oral disease prevention(92.6%), case management(71.5%), oral health education(66.3%), hospital/clinic management and dental management support(10.4%) and public oral health activities(6.7%) respectively. For job satisfaction, it was found that almost half respondents(48.9%) showed satisfaction at their job and 32.6% felt satisfied at and proud of their job. That is, majority of respondents(81.5%) felt satisfied at their job as dental hygienist. For follow-up requirements to qualify for dental hygienists, it was found that 73.3% felt it necessary to give more investments to self-development, 62.2% respondents considered protection of membership's rights as one of future assignments that KDHA should be more committed to. For future social awareness about dental hygienists as occupation, 69.2% respondents expected that they would be better developed and treated as professional. And desired training courses as a part of qualification for professional dental hygienists were represented by case management(services, manners, etc; 33.3%), implant(28.9%), esthetics(correction, prosthesis, whitening; 18.9%) and so on. For an item on working years, it was noted that 75.9% respondents would keep working as dental hygienists as long as they could.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the modified plaque score (MPS) for assessing the oral hygiene status of periodontitis patients. Methods: A total of 116 patients were included in this study. After evaluation of the $L{\ddot{o}}e$ and Silness gingival index (GI), Silness and $L{\ddot{o}}e$ plaque index (PlI), O'Leary plaque control record (PCR), and MPS, patients were randomly assigned to either a conventional tooth brushing instruction (C-TBI) group (n=56) or a professional intraoral tooth brushing instruction (P-TBI) group (n=60). The MPS and clinical parameters were re-evaluated after scaling and a series of root planing. The convergent validity of MPS with the PlI and PCR was assessed. The measurement time for MPS and PCR was compared according to the proficiency of the examiner. Results: After root planing, the GI, PlI, PCR, and MPS improved from their respective baseline values in both groups. Three different plaque indices including the MPS, showed significant differences between the C-TBI group and the P-TBI group after root planing. The MPS showed significant concurrence with the PCR and PlI. The mean time for PCR measurement was $2.76{\pm}0.71$ times longer than that for MPS measurement after 2 weeks of training. Conclusions: MPS seems to be a practical plaque scoring system compared with the PlI and PCR. These findings suggest that repetitive plaque control combined with an easily applicable plaque index (MPS) may facilitate more effective oral hygiene education and improved periodontal health.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

Purpose: This study compared the accuracy of detection of incomplete vertical root fractures (VRFs) in filled and unfilled teeth on cone-beam computed tomography images with and without a metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithm. Materials and Methods: Forty single-rooted maxillary premolars were selected and, after endodontic instrumentation, were categorized as unfilled teeth without fractures, filled teeth without fractures, unfilled teeth with fractures, or filled teeth with fractures. Each VRF was artificially created and confirmed by operative microscopy. The teeth were randomly arranged, and images were acquired with and without the MAR algorithm. The images were evaluated with OnDemand software (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). After training, 2 blinded observers each assessed the images for the presence and absence of VRFs 2 times separated by a 1-week interval. P-values<0.05 were considered to indicate significance. Results: Of the 4 protocols, unfilled teeth analysed with the MAR algorithm had the highest accuracy of incomplete VRF diagnosis (0.65), while unfilled teeth reviewed without MAR were associated with the least accurate diagnosis (0.55). With MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 4 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition, while without MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 2.28 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition. Conclusion: The use of the MAR algorithm increased the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of incomplete VRF on images of unfilled teeth.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2016

Although the state of medicine in North Korea is of great interest, there is little information, if any, about the present state of medicine in North Korea. Even North Korea's laws and regulations on medicine are not publicly available. It is plausible that the dictator's commands or the policy of the Communist Party may be superior to the nation's constitution and laws on medical education and much more. Information is only available from a limited number of publications and mainly from the statements of refugees, which differ greatly among themselves. No one refugee could provide authoritative data or information because they were never in the position to see the larger picture or have experience over the long term. However, what is known is that the major health professions in North Korea include physicians (medical doctors), stomatologists (oral doctors), 'Koryo' doctors (doctors of Korean traditional medicine), midwives, and nurses. The names and the founding year of each of the regular medical schools are listed along with the change and restoration of names of schools. It is known that there have been quasi-physicians and semi-physicians. However, the reasons for any changes that have taken place also remain unknown. The educational system, curriculum, and even the number of years of training needed to qualify to become a physician have varied from time to time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7445-7449
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the one of the most common cancers in women. It is also a leading cause of death. Unfortunately, some patients initially present with distant metastases and are diagnosed with stage IV disease that is nearly always, by then, incurable. This retrospective analysis investigated the risk factors for stage IV BC that may underlie such late presentation. Materials and Methods: In all, 916 patients with BC who visited the medical oncology polyclinic of eight different centres in Turkeybetween December 2011 and January 2013 were analysed. Results: A total of 115 patients (12.6%) presented with stage IV disease. In univariate analysis; to comparing these with patients at other stages, no statistical difference was found for median diagnosis age or age at menarche (p=0.611 and p=0.820), whereas age at menopause and age at first live birth were significant (p=0.018 and p=0.003). No difference was detected in terms of accompanying diseases, use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, smoking, alcohol consumption and the rate of family history of BC between the patients (p=0.655, p=0.389, p=0.762, p=0.813, p=0.229, p=0.737). However, screening methods were employed less often, the rate of illiteracy was higher, and the rate of other cancers was higher in patients with stage IV BC (p=0.022, p=0.022, p=0.018). No statistical difference was observed between the patients in terms of tumour histopathology, and status of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor-2 receptor (p=0.389, p=0.326, p=0.949, p=0.326). Grade 3 tumours were more frequent in patients with stage IV disease (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, risk factors for stage IV breast cancer at the time of presentation were found to be age at first live birth and educational level (p=0.003 and p=0.047). Conclusions: Efforts should be made to perform mammography scans, in particular, at regular intervals through national training programs for all women, particularly those with family histories of breast and other types of cancer, and to establish early diagnosis of BC long before it proceeds to stage IV. Additionally, women's education had better be upgraded. In order to make women aware of BC, national education-programmes must be organised.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2022

연구목적: 연구에서는 치위생학과 학생들을 대상으로 구강영상학실습 수업에 VR교육 매체를 활용하여 구강영상학실습 수업에서의 VR활용에 대한 가능성과 VR활용을 통한 학생들의 학습흥미도, 학습몰입도, 학습동기 등을 중심으로 그 효과성을 확인해 보면서 향후 다양한 치위생 수업에서의 VR활용과 혁신적인 실습 교육과정 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 2020년 2학년 2학기 동안 구강영상학 및 실습 교과목을 수강한 학생을 대상으로 연구의 목적과 방법을 기재한 설명문과 동의서를 안내하고 이에 동의하고 서명한 수강생만을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다(SM-202010-070-2). 연구 참여에 비동의 하거나 불성실하게 응답한 학생을 제외한 39명을 대상으로 최종분석하였다. 정규성 분포를 만족하지 못하고(p>0.05), 시간의 흐름에 따른 교육처치에 대한 상호간의 영향력을 배제할 수 없어 반복측정 분산분석(Repeated Measures ANOVA)에 상응하는 비모수 분석인 프리드만 검정 분석(Friedman two way ANOVA by ran)을 시행하였다. 통계적 유의수준은 p<0.05이었다. 연구결과: 구강영상학실습 교육매체 종류에 따라 학습흥미도, 학습몰입도, 학습동기 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 학습흥미도에서는 VR장비 1차사용에서, 학습몰입도와 학습동기에서는 X-ray 장비사용 후에 가장 높은 인식도를 보였다. 결론: VR 교육매체의 활용은 구강영상학실습 수업과정에서 학생들의 수업의 흥미도, 몰입도, 학습동기 등을 이끌어 낼 수 있다고 판단되며, 비대면 실습수업, 대면 실습수업에서 전통적인 X-ray장비와 더불어 VR 교육매체를 함께 활용한다면 구강영상학실습 학습의 긍정적인 효과를 충분히 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.76-93
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, the general characteristics of subjects who spent more than a certain amount of cost for general medical examination at the general hospital health promotion center, and the characteristics of disease, family history, and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol, physical activity, oral care) significantly differed in cost expenditure. We intend to provide basic data for establishing an appropriate marketing strategy for comprehensive examination. Method: It was conducted for users who received comprehensive checkups at a health promotion center at a general hospital in Seoul. The research data collection period is for 979 people who performed comprehensive examinations from January 2019 to December 2020. In order to carry out a comprehensive examination, a questionnaire before the examination was distributed to the subjects who visited the hospital to prepare, and the investigation was conducted in a way that the subjects of the investigation directly filled in. Results: There was a significant influence on the difference in expenditure for comprehensive examination according to the gender, age, and type of health insurance of the subject. In addition, there were significant differences in expenditure according to the presence or absence of disease and the type of family history. Weight loss, smoking history, smoking period, smoking frequency, drinking history, and drinking frequency all had significant effects on cost expenditure. Also, strength training and oral treatment management showed a significant effect on the cost of comprehensive examination. The number of flossing and interdental brushing was also found to have a significant effect. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, disease history (t=2.683, p<.01) and mean smoking frequency (t=4.315, p<.001) appeared to have the most significant effect on expenditure statistically. In other words, when the subject has a history of disease and when the average number of smoking is large, it means that the comprehensive examination cost is remarkably large. Conclusion: By using these contents, hospitals can further refine the marketing of the examination center. In addition, a more convenient and specialized process should be used by patients by linking the general medical department and the examination center well. In terms of management of operating medical institutions, this can be expected to create patients and increase profits.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.417-430
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a respiratory infection prevention program for the rural elderly in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods: The Delphi method was used to validate the contents of the program. Two rounds of Delphi surveys and one individual interview were conducted on four subjects and 16 categories with nine experts. Content validity was calculated using the content validity ratio (CVR) and coefficient of variation (CV). Results: This study verified the content validity of the existing program components, such as respiratory infection prevention characteristics, cough etiquette, correct hand washing, oral hygiene, correct tooth brushing, and exercise by walking. The study comprised 28 categories covering seven subjects, including the provision of knowledge and information about COVID-19, environmental management for respiratory infection prevention, and exercise training for immunity enhancement. Conclusion: This Delphi study examined the respiratory infection prevention program that was redesigned for the post-COVID-19 era and confirmed the validity of the educational contents. The findings of this study suggest that the program can be used practically for the prevention of respiratory infection among the rural elderly.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2015

치과치료를 위해 진정법 또는 전신마취를 시행하는 목적은 일반적인 방법으로 치과 의료를 제공받기 어려운 환자에게 양질의 치과치료를 제공하기 위해서이다. 본 연구는 전북대학교 치과병원에서 외래전신마취 하에 치료받은 소아 및 장애인 환자들의 임상진료 실태를 분석하고 향후 일반적인 치과진료가 어려운 환자들의 외래전신마취 치료에 대한 지침을 마련하고자 하였다. 2005년 1월부터 2014년 3월까지 전북대학교 치과병원에 내원한 소아 및 장애인 환자들을 대상으로 조사한 결과, 총 325명의 환자들이 외래전신마취 하에서 치과치료를 받았다. 남자 환자의 비율이 62.2%로, 여자 환자의 비율(37.8%)보다 높았으며, 10세 이하의 환자가 151명(46.5%)로, 소아 및 청소년 환자가 높은 비율을 차지하고 있었다. 치료내용을 보면 수복치료와 발치가 주를 이루고 있었으며 2회 이상 전신마취를 시행한 환자가 43명(13.2%)이었다. 본 연구는 일반적인 치과치료가 어려운 소아 및 장애인 환자들을 위해 효율적이며 안전한 전신마취 시스템을 확충해서 환자들에게 보다 편안한 치료 환경을 제공해야 할 필요성을 제시하고 있다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2018

일부 지역 치위생(학)과 3, 4학년 학생 196명을 대상으로 장애인의 전반적인 인식, 장애인 치과학에 대한 교육 여부, 장애인 환자 구강관리 역량 자가평가를 자기기입식 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 그 결과, 대상자의 대부분이 장애인이나 장애인 환자에 대한 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었으며 84.7%는 장애인 전문 치과위생사 양성이 필요하고 76.5%는 졸업 후에 장애인 치과진료 관련 세미나에 참가할 의향이 있다고 하였다. 그러나, 전체 대상자의 각 장애인별 업무역량에 대한 자가평가는 보통 수준 미만으로 장애인 치과치료에 대한 업무역량이 충분하지 않다고 생각하고 있었다. 대상자의 71.4%는 교과 및 비교과 교육과정에서 장애인 치과진료를 경험하였으며 경험을 한 대상자가 장애인 환자에 대한 지식, 구강보건교육, 구강병 예방처치, 진료보조, 의사소통의 대부분 영역에서 본인의 역량을 유의한 수준으로 높게 평가하였다. 이론교육이 충분하였다고 응답한 군에서도 충분하지 않았다고 응답한 군에 비해 장애인 환자 관리 역량에 대해 유의하게 높은 수준으로 자가평가를 하였다. 이를 토대로 보았을 때 현재 교육과정상 치위생(학)과 학생들의 장애인 치과치료에 대한 업무역량은 부족한 것으로 보이나 장애인 환자의 구강건강 관리 및 치과진료 보조에 대해 긍정적이며 장애인 환자에 대한 경험과 이론 교육 등이 효과를 나타낸다고 판단된다. 따라서, 교육과정에 장애인 치과학이 포함될 수 있도록 제도적 뒷받침이 필요하고 충분한 이론교육과 실습교육을 병행하여 장애인 환자의 구강건강 향상에 이바지할 수 있는 인력을 양성하도록 해야 한다. 또한, 현장 임상실습 교육 시 장애인 환자를 경험할 수 있는 여건을 마련하고 장애인 전문 치과위생사 양성에 대한 심도 있는 논의도 이루어져야 할 것이다.