• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.91-91
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• 2011

The passage of the interplanetary discontinuity (i.e., sudden increases in the solar wind speed, density, and IMF strength) was detected by ACE near GSE (x, y, z) ~ (222, -36, 3) Re upstream of Earth around 22:48 UT on November 24, 2008. About 55 min later, this solar wind discontinuity was observed by Geotail near GSE (x, y, z) ~ (23, 18, -7) Re in front of Earth's bow shock. From the propagation time of the solar wind discontinuity between ACE and Geotail, it is expected that the discontinuity front is aligned with the Parker spiral and strikes the postnoon dayside magnetopause first. Using coordinated multi-point measurements (THEMIS and GOES) at or in geosynchronous orbit, we observed a tailward propagating sudden impulse (SI), excited by the interplanetary discontinuity, around 23:50 UT with its front retaining alignment similar to that of solar wind discontinuity. The SI event appears a negative-then-positive variation in the H component at high latitude Chokurdakh (CHD: MLAT ~ 64.7 deg) in the prenoon sector, which is opposite sense of normal SI event. During the positive deflection at CHD, the SuperDARN Hokkaido radar detected the downward motion of the ionosphere, implying westward electric field enhancement, at subauroral latitudes near CHD meridian. In our study we will discuss magnetospheric and ionospheric responses to the passage of the solar wind discontinuity using multi-point observations in space and on the ground.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.343-363
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• 2018

Classical film narrative fails to reflect the increasing complexity of modern society. In this era of film narrative crisis Hirokazu Koreeda presents a new solution. The director puts an emphasis on neutral valuation over subject matter rather than empathy of audiences which leads to a biased point of view. Thus Hirokazu Koreeda choose space over story as a critical narrative enabler. Two qualitatively opposite spaces are presented and the boundary space of the two are set as a main background where the valuation over the spaces waves up and down. Audiences who get accustomed to a one-sided value judgement led by storytelling can be neutralized by pendulum movement of valuation. The specific methods of using space as a main tool of value neutralization have changed through the director's filmography. Space had been thoroughly designed through the storyboard in early works. Later the director let audiences experience the spaces to evoke a sense of place.

• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1023-1039
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a group validation therapy(V/T) which could be implemented for the elderly with dementia in nursing home, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the program on cognition, ADL(Activity of Daily Living), depression, problematic behavior and QOL(Quality of Life). Subjects were recruited from 4 nursing homes in D city. The sample comprised forty elderly with dementia, capable of verbal communication. Each twenty were in an experimental and control groups. However, four elders with dementia dropped out in experimental and control groups due to personal affairs. Experimental group completed twelve consecutive group validation therapy sessions that combined centering, asking factual questions, rephrasing, identifying and using the preferred sense, asking the extreme, imagining the opposite, reminiscing, touching, maintaining eye contact and a caring tone of voice, observing, matching and expressing the emotion with emotion, using ambiguity, linking behavior with a basic human need, using music and mirroring techniques. Following the intervention, experimental group experienced a significant improvement in cognition, ADL, depression, and QOL. But it is a nonsignificant in problematic behavior on statistically. As a result, a group validation therapy should be applied as an effective and practical psychosocial intervention for the elderly with dementia.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.10
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• pp.1406-1409
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• 2018

We have frequently encountered the rapid changes that prevalent opinion of the social community is toppled by a new and opposite opinion against the pre-exiting one. To understand this interesting process, mean-field model with infinite-interaction range has been mostly considered in previous studies S. A. Marvel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 118702 (2012). However, the mean-field interaction range is lack of reality in the sense that any individual cannot interact with all of the others in the community. Based on it, in the present work, we consider a simple model of opinion consensus so-called basic model on the low-dimensional lattices (d = 1, 2) with finite interaction range. The model consists of four types of subpopulations with different opinions: A, B, AB, and the zealot of A denoted by $A_c$, following the basic model shown in the work by S. A. Marvel et al.. Comparing with their work, we consider the finite range of the interaction, and particularly reconstruct the lattice structure by adding new links when the two individuals have the distance < ${\sigma}$. We explore how the interaction range ${\sigma}$ affects the opinion consensus process on the reconstructed lattice structure. We find that the critical fraction of population for $A_c$ required for the opinion consensus on A shows different behaviors in the small and large interaction ranges. Especially, the critical fraction for $A_c$ increases with the size of ${\sigma}$ in the region of small interaction range, which is counter-intuitive: When the interaction range is increased, not only the number of nodes affected by $A_c$ but also that affected by B grows, which is believed to cause the increasing behavior of the critical fraction for $A_c$. We also present the difference of dynamic process to the opinion consensus between the regions of small and large interaction ranges.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.125-136
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• 2009

The main objective of this research was to understand the characteristics of complementary color scheme through the analysis of contemporary women's fashion color coordination as they appear in the 'Collections'. Data collection of 115 was done through review of 'pr$\hat{e}$t-$\grave{a}$-porter Collections' of four cities; Milan, London, New York, Paris. Statistical analysis of frequency and also qualitative interpretation of characteristics of complementary color harmony characteristics which appeared in four collections were completed. The main findings were as followed; (1) Only 115 complementary color schemes out of 4968 two color combinations appeared. Compared the comparative ratios of appearance frequency between the two color combination and the complementary color harmony, London showed the highest, and followed by New York, and Milan and Paris. (2)The combined color type of 'red+green' was the most frequently appeared, and followed by 'violet+yellow' and 'orange+blue'. For the type of tone harmony, the contrast tone showed the most, and followed by the similarity and identity. According to the type of complementary color combination, the type of tone harmony used differently. Some differences showed in the types of color harmony and tone harmony between collections. (3) The complementary color scheme which shown in four collections harmonized two opposite colors mainly through the strong tone contrast and this could cause tension along with interest in the image. The complementary colors intensified and brought out the attributes each other. More details, high contrast of two complementary colors of yellow and violet created a vibrant look especially when used at higher saturation. Sometimes, however, some tone variations of two hues neutralized the strong effect and sometimes enhanced each other. When they used in similarity tones or identity tones in light colors, the tension was reduced and became softened but still presented nice harmony. In the type of 'red+green' color harmony, the various color combinations were demonstrated, mostly through tone manipulation of green color. The similarity tone harmony, which used the most, could effect a better sense of harmony and present more sophisticated looks. When used in contrast tone harmony, some changes in its own color which have only one color of two the excessive intensity led a good harmony. The 'orange+blue' color harmony was shown the least and used three tone harmony almost the same ratio. In this color harmony, blue amplified its energy and brilliance of orange and seemed to work better when one color was at a lower intensity than the other. In harmony with a similarity and an identity tone, this color harmony produces a stable and calm image. (4) The complementary scheme appeared more frequently in the S/S collections than in A/W collections and showed some differences in the types of color harmony and tone harmony between seasons, however, no big differences between collections.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.439-447
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze employment preparation behavior, career decision making self efficacy, and career identity by the subjects' general characteristics, and determine the relationship among them. The survey was conducted to 243 dental hygiene students in college located in South Korea, analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. There was significant difference of employment preparation behaviors between male and female. Career decision making self efficacy was higher with increasing age and their credit, but showed the opposite trend in expected salary. Career identity was related to credit and the satisfaction in major, students dissatisfied with major recorded higher sense of career identity. The result of multiple linear regression showed the career decision making self efficacy affect the employment preparation behavior, the explanatory power was about 20%. It will be necessary encourage the students social advance in many different fields, research to improve the relationship between career decision making self efficacy and satisfaction in major of dental hygiene students.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

Death culture continues to lead human history with complementarity in the sense that it is half of life culture. The three sacred gates and the two tombs are connected to the olegil space. In this space, the principle of complementarity in which coexistence exist between life and death is hidden in Jeju culture. It is a question and wait. Contrarily, the opposite is complementary. (Contraria Sunt Complementa Latin) This refers to the relationship of each other in relation to one another and in a mutually dependent relationship. The Jong Nang is used as basic logic in DNA codon of human body as well as communication principle. In addition, there is a pattern of similarity of the linkage between the square oval ear of the grave, the Korean Taegeukguk and 卦, the genome (DNA) 卦. The Jong Nang 'Batdam' and 'Sandam' are conneted like 'black dragon ten thousand', and stone walls are connected to each other as the stone network, which is called as the 'Goendam' (and conventionally is told as the 'Goendang') and is related to the Family networks. The relationship between the Tomb of the ancestors and their offspring is believed to be "Soul Synchronizing the Ancestor to Offspring" and becomes "Change in Future", and Genetic factors in the physical blood are transmitted directly to the children. The DNA RNA was represented by the determinant.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-55
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide the necessary fundamental data in composing a systematic text content of the public health by analyzing each text, domain, and teaching contents suggested in the textbooks as well as teachers' guides of the 7th elementary school education curriculum, while the study subjects were as follows. 1. The health education content suggested in the 7th physical education curriculum were analyzed and examined. 2. The health teaching content of each textbook in the 7th elementary school curriculum was to be analyzed and examined. In order to resolve the above research issues, the physical, spiritual, and social domain along with the (1) Proper living habit, (2) Health and nutrition, (3) Sex education, (4) Prevention of the sense-organic diseases, (5) Cleanliness of food, (6) Oral hygiene, (7) Individual health and public health, (8) Safety in living, (9) Abuse and usage of medication, educational content suggested in the 7tand (10) Environment pollution focused around the health of the elementary school education curriculum was analyzed and its outcome was as below First, compared with the 6th elementary school education curriculum, the health content suggested in the 7th elementary school education curriculum was decreased. Second, although each grade's teaching content of the health domain in the physical education was considered in its structure following after the according systems, they were preponderant in partial subjects such as the safety in living, nutrition, proper living habit, sport, and health in sport. oo. Third, the health education content was organized in 4 units such as the physical growth and development, prevention of diseases, safe living, and leisure living(leisure, spiritual health, and etc.) for the 3rd and 4th grade. Then, as for 5th and 6th grade, it was organized in 3 units such as the understanding the human body, prevention of disease, and leisure and safe living. Fourth, in the physical educational health domain, a strong point was constructed within the physical, spiritual, and social areas of the elementary school physical education. Fifth, the number of the public health education contents directly related with the health education was 43 as with 25 indirect contents. Sixth, each grade's domain unit structure of the public health content was heavy upon the physical and social area throughout every grade while in opposite, the spiritual domain' s unit structure was weak. In according to each grade, the physical domain was stressed in 4, 5, and 6 grades while the social domain was stressed in 1, 5, and 6 grades.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.5
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• 2009

Many organisms control their physiology and behavior in response to the local light environment, which is first perceived by photoreceptors that undergo light-dependent conformational changes. Phytochromes are one of the major photoreceptors in plants, controlling wide aspects of plant physiology by recognizing the light in red (R) and far-red (FR) spectra. Higher plants have two types of phytochromes; the photo-labile type I (phyA in Arabidopsis) and photo-stable type II (phyB-E in Arabidopsis). Phytochrome B (phyB), a member of the type II phytochromes in Arabidopsis, shows classical R and FR reversibility between the inter-convertible photoisomers, Pr and Pfr. Interestingly, the Pr and Pfr isomers show partitioning in the cytosol and nucleus, respectively. In the over 50 years since its discovery, it has been thought that the type II phytochromes only function to mediate R light. As described in the text, we have now discovered phyB has an active function in FR light. Even striking is that the R and FR light exert an opposite effect. Thus, FR light is not simply nullifying the R effect but has an opposing effect to R light. What is more interesting is that the phyB-mediated actions of FR and R light occur at different cellular compartment of the plant cell, cytosol and nucleus, respectively, which was proven through utilization of the cytosolic and nuclear-localized mutant versions of phyB. Our observations thus shoot down a major dogma in plant physiology and will be considered highly provocative in phytochrome function. We argue that it would make much more sense that plants utilize the two isoforms rather than only one form, to effectively monitor the changing environmental light information and to incorporate the information into their developmental programs.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.437-444
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• 2009

Purpose: Transgender is a disorder of gender identity, who have appropriate chromosomal, hormonal and anatomical characteristics corresponding to their sexual phenotype but feel strongly with respect to their sexual identity, that they belong to the opposite sex. There is a persistence discomfort and sense of inappropriateness about one's assigned sex in a person who has reached puberty. Transgender is a psychiatric problem, but surgical method provides more satisfactory adjustment for patients. In gender reassignment surgery for female to male transgender, mastectomy, nipple reduction, hysterectomy, oophorectomy and phalloplasty are included. And as the final operation, recommended for scrotoplasty and artificial testes insertion. So we investigated the necessity and method of scrotoplasty in the final operation of female to male transgender. Method: The authors have long term follow-up of 75 cases female to male transgender during January, 1991 to February, 2008. Among them, 13 cases were evaluated in this study. During phalloplasty, the labium major skin preserved. And this labium majoral skin flap was made for the neoscrotum. At least six months later, artificial testes were inserted in neoscrotum with local anesthesia. Middle sized (3 cm diameter) artificial testes(silicon gel or carving soft silicone implant) were used because of the limitation of the neoscrotum. We evaluated the questionnaire and interview about the postoperative satisfaction in configuration of reconstructed scrotum, and the necessity of operation, the postoperative psychosocioeconomic improvement and limitation of body exposure activities such as swimming, public bathing. Results: Based on this study, satisfaction of reconstructed scrotum after scrotoplasty was improved(92%). The necessity of scrotoplasty was in 92.3% and the postoperative psychosocioeconomic well - being improvement was 77% in answers. Less limitation of activities requiring body exposure was 54% in answers. Most of the patients were satisfied with the results of surgical operation inspite of the operative procedure had some postoperative complications. Conclusion: This study was reported that the scrotoplasty in female to male transgender is not only a conversion of external genitalia but also an improvement of psychosocial state. Most patients sincerely hope to this operation, so we improve our surgical method for more good results.