• 산업진흥연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2021

보육교직원은 보육현장에서 요구되는 긍정적인 이미지를 연출하기 위해 자신의 감정을 억압, 과장, 통제, 조절, 규제하는 감정노동을 경험한다. 영유아 대상의 근무환경은 그 특성상 감정노동 보육교직원의 심리적 소진 원인이 되며, 나아가서 삶의 질을 저하하는 문제점을 안고 있다. 노래는 인간의 삶의 질을 향상하는 데 도움을 주므로 감정노동 보육교직원에게 노래심리치료가 심리적 소진의 회복과 자기 돌봄 과정에서 긍정적인 삶을 계획할 수 있도록 하는 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 첫째, 노래심리치료를 통한 감정노동 보육교직원의 심리적 소진은 어떠한가? 둘째, 노래심리치료를 통한 감정노동 보육교직원의 자기 돌봄 과정은 어떠한가?를 연구문제로 설정하였다. 연구 시기는 2017년 3월부터 2020년 5월까지였으며, 질적사례연구로 프로그램 진행과 심층인터뷰, 직접관찰, 참여관찰 등의 자료 수집을 통해 ○○○ 어린이집에서 2019년 6월부터 10월까지 구조화된 회기별로 12회기에 걸쳐 매 회기 50분간 진행되었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 결론이 도출되었다. 첫째, 노래심리치료를 통한 감정노동 보육교직원은 자신 삶의 의지와 심리적으로 소진된 자신을 발견하고 이해, 인식하며 내면의 문제들을 직면하고, 소통하며 통찰할 수 있었다. 타인에게서 받은 정서적 지원은 정서적 고갈의 경험을 줄일 수 있으며 업무에서의 좌절로 인한 경험의 회복과 성취감 향상을 증명하였다. 둘째, 노래심리치료를 통한 감정노동 보육교직원의 자기 돌봄은 시간적, 공간적, 관계적, 정서적 돌봄 과정을 증명하였고, 다른 사람을 돌보는 일과 자신을 돌보는 일의 균형을 유지하면서 신체와 마음, 영성이 유기적으로 통합되며 변화가 나타났다. 본 연구는 심리적 소진과 자기 돌봄 과정은 삶의 본질적인 의미를 발견하고 자신의 내면을 탐색 및 표현할 수 있도록 기회를 제공하고, 타인과 자신의 돌봄이 균형적으로 이루어지고 전인적인 건강한 자아를 위한 통찰, 성장을 통해 삶의 질이 향상하는 기회를 제공하는 데 의의를 둔다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2011년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2011

Vietnam is one of a country with an important strategic position in economic development in the Asia Pacific region. In addition, Vietnam has a longtime agricultural more than 70% of agricultural labor. With favorable natural conditions, agricultural growth in Vietnam is'key'to the developing countries. However, Vietnam's agriculture has still encounter many problems due to drought, climatic conditions, natural disasters. The level of development and agricultural production is weak, the process of post-harvest storage is limited and particularly agricultural competitiveness with other countries is obstacles. In fact, the Government of Vietnam decided to cooperate with other countries have highly developed agriculture such as America, Korea, Japan... hoping to get help and promote agricultural development in a sustainable manner. Since 1992, Vietnam and Korea established formal diplomatic relations. During 20 years of cooperation and development, We have been obtained many satisfactory results not only in fields invest infrastructure, technological science but also exchange experience especially in the agricultural sector. From the Korea ODA project, Vietnam's agriculture in general has made significant progress. With vision, ODA projects continues to support the Central Highlands region in which the Da Lat city, Lam Dong province. Pass the cooperation between Dongguk University and Da Lat University has many positive results. Hopefully in the near future, the relationship between Vietnam and Korea in general will continue to grow strongly, the Korea ODA project will be continue to support Vietnam's agriculture in general and in particularly for the Central Highlands which in Da Lat City, Lam Dong province.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2013

This case focuses on WE CAN Cookies, a social enterprise in South Korea that was founded in 2001 with the support of the Korean Roman Catholic Church. WE CAN Cookies specializes in the making of high quality organic cookies. As a nonprofit organization that uses a labor force of mostly mentally disabled workers, the company faces many challenges that normal companies do not experience. The company had to initially overcome the social prejudice that the handicapped cannot make good cookies. Despite the religious background and social agenda of the company, it started making inroads as a cookie-making business only after its managers, including the nuns who run it began adopting modern management philosophies and practices. The WE CAN Cookies case illustrates three main marketing-related concepts: One, WE CAN Cookies is a good example of how social enterprises face a broader spectrum of challenges when compared to conventional profit-seeking enterprises. Two, WE CAN Cookies demonstrates that social enterprises need flexibility in formulating their business strategies. Even though WE CAN Cookies is subject to many constraints, as a social enterprise it can also take advantage of new opportunities for obtaining support from the government and from the private sector. Three, WE CAN Cookies shows that these types of operations need to create greater balance in their social and business competencies to ensure the long term viability. Social enterprises are certified by governments with the stated goal of improving the lives and the wellbeing of special interest group. As important as achieving these objectives are, social enterprises also must additionally be able to build their operational capabilities not only in manufacturing but also in functions such as marketing.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2022

2008년에 시작된 한국의 노인 장기요양보험은 그보다 8년 먼저 시작된 일본의 개호보험을 원용한 것이다. 양국은 노인의 생활을 지원하기 위하여 지적 정신적으로 약화된 노인의 삶을 지원하기 위한 복지용구 급여제도를 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 복지용품 품목과 일본의 복지용품 품목을 비교·검토하여 한국과 일본의 품목별 특성을 알아보았다. 한국은 배회감지기, 자세변환용구, 요실금팬티 등이 일본보다 앞서서 복지용구로 등록되었으며 일본은 자동소변처리기, 휠체어 전동보조장치, 체위변환기, 이동용 리프트 등이 한국보다 먼저 복지용구로 지정되었다. 또한 일본 후생노동성은 배설예측지원기기의 복지용구 지정을 예고한 상태이다. 한국과 일본이 복지용구 품목들을 발전 시키기 위하여 협력한다면 초고령사회에 양국의 노인의 삶의 질을 향상시키는데 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2021

본 연구는 중소기업의 개성공단 및 베트남에 대한 직접투자 결정요인을 분석하고, 향후 북한 비핵화에 따른 남북경협 활성화시 대북투자 경험이 없는 베트남 투자업체 중 대북투자 의향이 있는지, 있다면 그 이유가 무엇인지, 대북투자 경험이 있는 개성공단 입주업체와 비교 분석하여 해외기업의 개성공단 및 북한 경제특구 유치로 U턴시켜 국내 일자리 창출 및 남북경제 활성화에 기여하는데 그 목적이 있다. 분석결과 개성공단 및 베트남 투자기업의 대부분은 값싼 노동력 활용, 저렴한 공장입지, 현지시장 판매·개척, 제3국 우회수출 생산기지 등의 목적으로 진출하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 해외직접투자이론상 현지시장 판매 및 확대를 위한 시장추구형 투자(Market seekers)와 인건비 등 생산요소가격 차이를 활용한 생산효율추구형 투자로(Production-efficiency seekers) 나눌수 있는데 이는 최근 나이키, Apple, Amazon 등 글로벌 기업들의 해외직접투자 패턴과도 일치하는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 북미 비핵화 협상으로 대북 경제 제제조치가 완화, 해제되더라도 베트남 투자기업의 대북 투자의향은 12.3%로 매우 저조하게 나타났는바, 이는 북핵 Issue로 개성공단 폐쇄와 같이 정치적 Risk로 인한 북한 경제특구 폐쇄가능성을 가장 부담스러워 했으며, 또한 경제특구 폐쇄시 국가의 손실배상 조치가 매우 부족하다고 느끼는데 있다. 따라서 향후 남북경협 활성화를 위해서는 앞서 얘기한 애로점을 해소하고 가칭 "남북경협진흥공사"와 같은 기관을 설립하여 대북지원기관의 중복업무를 방지하고 Onestop fullservice로 신속하게 지원할 필요성이 있으며, 섬유,봉제,신발과 같은 영세 중소기업의 대북 진출을 위한 진출 초기에는 적극적인 정책금융 지원이 절실히 필요하며 이를 위해 정부와 민간금융기관 공동으로 5,000억원 규모의 펀드를 조성하여 운영할 필요가 있다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.57-89
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• 1995

Despite prologed business stagnation of both international and domestic economy, hotel business as well as tourist industry has continuously been keeping growing, owing to increase of surplus income and world flowing population. During recent 4 years, growth rate of yearly mean in domestic hotels reached 9.9% and especially that of the superior class hotels 15.2%. In the composition of domestic tourist hotel's revenue, the earnings of guest rooms form 37.4%, on the other hand those of food & beverage 39.9%. This result is that our hotel business is concentrated on its interest in FOOD & BEVERAGE of which productivity per unit dimension can be increased to an unlimited extent and extent and superior class hotels strengthened in F&B are increasing in comparison with European or American hotels which are focused on guest rooms in their management. For value added rate of F&B is low as compared with increase of their earnings, they are interested in the management techniques which focus on rising the rate. As for the cost of Food & Beverage, personnel expenditure forms 36.5% and the direct materials 31.5%. Therefore how to manage personnel and materials costs which compose as much as 68% of total revenue will greatly affect net profit. We can say that an effective management technique in cost of Food & Beverage is one of the most important know-hows in hotel management. Especially management know-how for the Kitchen Department where the most of foods come out makes a great effects on various expenses, productivity and it is the achievement from hotel management. For the most of the hotel's top managers, they don't seriously take the fact that KITCHEN SYSTEM affects greatly total expenditure. This study starts from the point of recognizing the question of fundamental cause affecting tow largest cost elements incurred in Food & Beverage and trying to present an effective kitchen system. To settle the questions raised, I compared and analyzed productivity and cost of food & beverage and unit kitchen centered around superior class hotels in Seoul, which vary in Kitchen Systems. In order to attain the aforementioned study effectively purpose of this study, I compared Room-Service and Coffee-Shop Menu, flow of basic food in the kitchen, extent and result of division of labor and integration in the kitchen, scale of outlet kitchen, productivity, the turnover rate of food in store, food cost rate one another which all vary in Kitchen Systems. All these elements are compared and analyzed each other being divided into two main groups such as①. Main Production kitchen and Banquet Kitchen, and ②. coffee-shop kitchen and Room-service Kitchen. Therefore this study is to point out the problems in managing kitchens of superior class hotels which are different in systems. An effort was made to find out the better Kitchen System for superior deluxe hotels. I emphasize the followings on the proper scale of division of labor and integration of unit kitchen and a disposition plan for outlet kitchens of restaurant. First, KITCHEN SYSTEM as a sub-system of Hotel Management System is composed of sub-systems of outlet unit kitchen. Basic food materials are cooked and served for the guests while support kitchen and out restaurant kitchen interact organically each other. So Kitchen should be considered as a system composed of integrated sub-systems. Second, support and banquet kitchens should be integrated to be managed. And these unit kitchens have to be designed to be placed in the back of banquet rooms area. Third, coffee-shop kitchen and room-service kitchen should be integrated to be managed. Fourth, several unit business kitchens should be place on the same floor. Fifth, main production kitchens ought to be located near the loading duck, food store and large refrigerator. Sixth, considering the limits of supervision, duties should be adjusted as 12-20 cooks in two shifts a day for a sub-kitchen, and 18-30 cooks in three shifts a day so that labor division can be made. Last, I would like to two points for direction and task of future study. Firstly, I compare the effective income and increasing costs each other, which are incurred by increasing the use rate of the second processing materials for foods perched outside and through the results. I can find out the better points of the processing production and circulation system, and then I study this effects made on hotel kitchen system. Secondly, I can point out that more efficient kitchen system shall be established through comparing and analyzing the matter of amount of indirect costs and flow of food in different kitchen systems.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2017

Purpose - The quality of customer service has been importantly considered as a way of retaining current customers. Recent development of service industry which based on Information & Communication Technology allows firms to utilize different employees for their businesses. Although it is regarded as important to consider emotional labor of employees working for customers in ICT service industry, little was known the role of emotional dissonance. Thus, current paper focused on emotional labor and tried to identify the factors which influence on employees' intrinsic motivation for married women working in call centers. This study highlighted the influence of the emotional dissonance on the employees' intrinsic motivation, and the moderating influences of work-family conflict on the relationship between emotional dissonance and intrinsic motivation. Research design, data, and methodology - The research samples were gathered from seven call centers of Korean financial institutions located in South Korea. The model of emotional dissonance was developed, which emphasizes the influence of emotional dissonance as a predictor on intrinsic motivation, and then the other model was also introduced to explain how employees' intrinsic motivation were aggravated by work-family conflict. To examine these research models, samples were collected from 468 married women working in call centers of Korean financial institutions located in Seoul. A total of 468 samples were used in the analysis after deleting data of missing value. SPSS 22.0 were utilized for data analysis. Results - The results of current study showed that emotional dissonance is negatively related to intrinsic motivation, and there are significant differences in work-family conflict. Those results generally support the proposed hypotheses. Conclusions - These results suggest that the relationship of intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center for customers' service were influenced by emotional dissonance, which outcomes were interacted not by face-to-face contact with their customers, but by emotional contacts. Managerially, these findings suggest the one who emphasize the quality of customer's service of call center need to introduce the programs for minimizing both of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict. These findings also suggest that the service quality via intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center is hard to be accomplished without considering the factors of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.116-127
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• 2015

본 연구는 1980년 이후부터 국제이주의 현상이 세계화, 다변화로 외국인 근로자들의 노동시장의 유입과 여성결혼이민자 증가로 인해 '다문화가족지원법'을 탄생시키게 된다. 다문화가족이라는 사회문제가 공공의제로 부각하여 '다문화가족지원법'의 제정으로 연결될 때 참여자들은 누구인가?를 알아보고자 한다. 또한 사회문제 중에서 정부의 공식의제로 확정하여 추진하는 과정에는 동원형, 외부주도형, 내부접근형의 3유형에서 동원형을 선택하여 설명할 것이다. 사례의 특성을 염두에 두고 기존 이론과 모형을 바탕으로 분석할 것이며, 연구논문과 서적, 신문, 일간지, 선거공약, 시민단체, 인터넷, 세미나자료 등을 사용하는 사례분석방법을 택하여 연구할 것이며, 시간적범위는 2003년 11월 21일 "이주노동자 추방반대 재외동포법 개정하라" 한 시점에서 '다문화가족지원법안(대안)'을 제271회 임시국회 제7차 본회의에서 재석 165인 중 165인 찬성으로 입법되는 2008년 2월 19일까지로 한정짓는다.

• 모자간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1994

The purposes of this study were to identify responses of nursing students following clinical maternity nursing practice, to develop data of further effective clinical maternity nursing practice, to understand nursing students perceive the natural maturation process toward pregnancy delivery and puerperal process, to help the nursing students achieve personality growth and development through clinical maternity nursing practice. The subjects were 35 senior nursing students from the Department of Nursing Science of Chung-Ang University. The data were collected from the 1st semester (Feb.22$\sim$June 9) to the 2nd semester(Aug.23$\sim$Nov.10), 1993 through self-reporting using an open ended questionnaire about perception and feelings regarding the normal delivery process. The data analysis used descriptive method. Results of the study were as follows : 1. Following clinical practice in maternity nursing, the responses of the nursing students were collected included both positive and negative aspects. The positive responses were classified in to four categories and each category included subgroups. One group, labelled as $\ulcorner$The birth of noble life$\lrcorner$ had a subgroup, (I felt the mystery and wonder of life), another group, $\ulcorner$After delivery, comfort and satisfaction$\lrcorner$ with the subgroup (I can bear to see the comfort and relief beyond pain) (C/S is better than vaginal delivery) (Very easy), the 3rd group, $\ulcorner$ I realized family friendship and support$\lrcorner$ with subgroup (Honorable, Magnificient) (I thank my parents ) (It's good to looking at my husband's support), and the 4th group, $\ulcorner$The birth of a healthy baby$\lrcorner$, with its subgroup, (baby looks pretty and healthy). 2. The negative responses were classified in eight categories and each category included subgroups. One group labelled as $\ulcorner$Fear$\lrcorner$, had subgroups of (Terrible, Horrible) (Shock) (Dread), another group, $\ulcorner$Tension$\lrcorner$, and its subgroup, (I became tense about stories heard before clinical practice), the 3rd group, $\ulcorner$surprise$\lrcorner$ and its subgroup (I was surprised at the delivery process), the 4th group, $\ulcorner$Power lessness$\lrcorner$ and its subgroup, (I watched the labor pain impatiently), the 5th group $\ulcorner$Apathy$\lrcorner$ ; and its subgroup, (I didn't feel the empathy for the labor pain of the pregnant women), the 6th group, $\ulcorner$Disgust$\lrcorner$ and its subgroup, (Disgust, Embarrassed), the 7th group, $\ulcorner$Inevitable destiny$\lrcorner$ and its subgroups (necessity of self-sacrifice and difficulty) (I accepted it as a women's destiny) (I can't do it), the last group, $\ulcorner$There seems to be trouble$\lrcorner$ and its subgroup, (It seems to have been a little too hard for mother and baby). Suggestions for further studies are as follows : 1. Nursing students should receive intensive education about $\ulcorner$The birth of noble life$\lrcorner$ $\ulcorner$After delivery, comfort and satisfaction$\lrcorner$ $\ulcorner$I realized family friendship and support$\lrcorner$ $\ulcorner$The birth of a healthy baby$\lrcorner$, so that a more positive attitude can be developed before clinical maternity nursing. 2. Nursing students should be given an orientation which is reality based and related clinical maternity nursing (using for A.V. Materials), so that they will not feel they tension, of the negative categories. 3. Nursing students should be received articles on Pain Relief Method, so that they will be prepared activie and positive in the clinical practice, and therefore they will not feel the powerlessness, of the negative categories. 4. F/U for responses of nursing students should be checked following clinical maternity nursing to evaluate the effects of the instruction.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.382-397
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• 2016

본 연구는 독일이 통일 후 사회적 통합을 이루기 위해 노력한 여러 가지 방안 중에서 동독지역의 경제적 안정체제를 확립하기 위한 노동력 재생산을 어떻게 만들었는지, 그 교훈과 시사점을 중심으로 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 분석은 한국이 점진적으로 안정된 평화통일을 하든, 갑작스러운 북한의 붕괴로 인한 흡수든, 어떠한 통일 상황에서도 남 북 전체의 경제적 안정을 통한 사회통합이 이루어질 수 있도록 민족의 화합과 동질성 회복, 정체성 확립을 위해 무엇보다도 새로운 교육체제통합의 변화를 추구하는 것이 절대적으로 필요함을 강조하였다. 특별히 북한 주민과의 사회적 통합을 위한 북한지역 노동시장과 경제생활의 안정화를 위해 직업교육의 역할과 방향을 모색하는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 우선 통일 후 동 서독의 사회통합과정에서 나타난 경험, 즉 사회적 안정과 경제생활을 위한 직업교육 정책의 추진과정에 대한 선험적인 사례를 살펴보았다. 동독과 서독지역의 직업교육의 차이와 통합 추진 체계 과정 분석은 물론, 통합을 위한 직업교육 정책의 성과와 문제점을 파악하였다. 동 서독 각자 직업교육의 특별한 여러 차이점 속에서도 이원화제도라는 유사한 하나의 체제를 공통점으로 찾아 협력하면서 노동시장의 통합과 경제적 안정화를 위한 새로운 직업교육정책을 이끌었다. 그러나 경제사회적 통합을 위한 서독의 지원에도 불구하고 동독지역이 이를 수용하기에는 역부족으로 나타나 정책실폐의 결과를 보기도 했다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 남 북 통일을 대비한 차원에서 진정한 내적통합을 이루기 위해 북한 주민들의 자립, 자활을 촉진시키고, 노동시장의 안정화와 경제생활을 이끌어갈 수 있는 직업교육의 효과적 방안들을 제안하고자 하였다.