• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.715-722
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• 1996

To determine relationships of biochemical parameters involved in Ca metabolism with eggshell quality, serum Ca level, duodenal and uterine calcium binding protein (CaBP) and uterine carbonic anhydrase (CA) activities were measured using 102-week old hens. Three groups of chickens were selected, those showing high quality (HQ) and low quality (LQ) eggshells and non-laying activity (NE). NE hens exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) lower serum Ca levels than laying hens. HQ and LQ hens were not different in the Ca level, indicating that serum Ca level was not good indicator of hen's ability to produce different quality eggshells. Duodenal CaBPs was highest in HQ and lowest in NE (p < 0.10). Uterine CaBPs of LQ and NE were not different and lower significantly (p<0.10) than that of HQ, suggesting that CaBP played an important role in determining eggshell quality. Uterine CA activities of the three groups were significantly different (p < 0.01) ; highest in HQ and lowest in NE, suggesting intimate relationship between CA and Eggshell quality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.139-142
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• 1976

A 33 year old male patient was admitted with 20 years history of recurrent hemoptysis. On clinical examination, mild left chest discomfortness and foul odored sputum with occasional rusty hemoptysis were principal complaints noted. Chest X-ray film revealed moderately advanced active tuberculosis lesion on both upper lung fields, and hen-egg sized mass surrounded with linear crescent of air shadow in a cavity on his left upper lung field. On left thoracotomy, dense pleural adhesions on left apicoposterior segmental surface with multiple lymphnode enlargements were noted, and the soft encapsulated mass of $5{\times}5{\times}8cm$ was localized in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe. Apicoposterior segment with anterior segment of the left upper lobe was resected. Cavity was opened to find a rusty grayish colored, fragile mass, which was confirmed as "fungus ball" of aspergillosis by histological section slide with Gomori staining. The authors report one case of pulmonary aspergilloma superinfected with previous long standing pulmonary tbc.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.62-63
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary effect of turmeric powder (TP) on laying performances, egg qualities and its transfer to eggs. A total of two hundred, 60-wk-old, Lohmann Brown layers were divided into 4 groups, placed in to 5 replicates per group (10 layers each) and fed each one of four diets containing 0 % TP(control), 0.1 % TP, 0.25 % TP, or 0.5 % TP for 7 wks, respectively. Egg production and egg mass in groups fed diets containing TP were higher than that of control(p<0.05). No differences in feed intakes, egg and eggshell qualities were observed among the treatments, but egg yolk color was increased significantly as TP was in increased in the diet(p<0.05). In groups fed diets containing TP, Haugh unit after 14 day of storage was significantly higher than that of control(p<0.05). The curcumin content of egg yolk in groups fed diet containing 0.50% TP was significantly higher than those of other groups (p<0.05). The content of egg yolk cholesterol was not influenced by dietary TP.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.173-178
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• 1977

A 51 year old man was admitted to the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Department of Kyungpook University Hospital on April 7, 1976, with chief complaints of orthopnea and the chest pain for about 3 months. Physical examination showed narrow pulse pressure, puffy face, engorged neck veins at sitting position, distant heart sound, enlarged liver and edematous upper extremities. The chest roentgenogram demonstrated markedly enlarged cardiac silhouette. Low voltage and the low to diphagic T`s were noted on the electrocardiogram. Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia was developed intermittently and was subsided spontaneously. Repeated pericardiocentesis were performed each of which yielded from 100 to 300ml. but intractable cardiac failure was progressed. The bacteriology and cytology of the pericardial fluid were not revealed any specific findings. The pericardiectomy was performed to release the intractable cardiac tamponade. Pericardium was found to be thickened and cardiac constriction was noted. The thickened pericardium was easily removed. A large hen`s egg sized dark blue tumor mass occupied the anterior wall of the right atrium and two thumb tip sized pearl gray tumors were placed at the just below portion of the main pulmonary artery. The biopsy report revealed primary fibrosarcoma of the heart. The patient was improved from the symptoms of the cardiac failure during the postoperative course.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.609-624
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to get a comprehensive understanding of how genes in chicken shell gland modulate eggshell strength at the early stage of active calcification. Four 32-week old of purebred Xianju hens with consistent high or low shell breakage strength were grouped into two pairs. Using Affymetrix Chicken Array, a whole-transcriptome analysis was performed on hen's shell gland at 9 h post oviposition. Gene ontology enrichment analysis for differentially expressed (DE) transcripts was performed using the web-based GOEAST, and the validation of DE-transcripts was tested by qRT-PCR. 1,195 DE-transcripts, corresponding to 941 unique genes were identified in hens with strong eggshell compared to weak shell hens. According to gene ontology annotations, there are 77 DE-transcripts encoding ion transporters and secreted extracellular matrix proteins, and at least 26 DE-transcripts related to carbohydrate metabolism or post-translation glycosylation modification; furthermore, there are 88 signaling DE-transcripts. GO term enrichment analysis suggests that some DE-transcripts mediate reproductive hormones or neurotransmitters to affect eggshell quality through a complex suite of biophysical processes. These results reveal some candidate genes involved with eggshell strength at the early stage of active calcification which may facilitate our understanding of regulating mechanisms of eggshell quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.799-805
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• 2010

Since the consumption of spent laying hens as roasted skewered meat increases, the effects of various carotenoids on pigmentation and antioxidant activity were tested with 62-wk-old 250 ISA brown laying hens to improve the quality of chicken meat. In a 6-wk feeding trial, 4 carotenoids with different polarity (${\beta}$-8-apo-carotenoic acid ethyl ester (ACAEE)>astaxanthin>canthaxanthin>${\beta}$-carotene) at 100 mg carotenoid/kg feed were used. The more polar the carotenoids, the higher were the levels in blood. After 5-wk adaptation, the concentrations of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and ACAEE in blood were -4 ${\mu}g/ml$. Canthaxanthin decreased significantly (p<0.05) the level of total blood cholesterol. Decreases in blood triglyceride by all carotenoids used were significant. ACAEE and astaxanthin tended to increase skin yellowness of thigh, breast, and wing proportionally to feeding period. In the case of polar carotenoids (ACAEE and astaxanthin), the longer the period of feeding, the higher the accumulation in skin was observed. Only astaxanthin was effective against the production of lipid peroxides in skin. Conclusively, out of the commercially available carotenoids we tested, astaxanthin is recommended for pigmentation of skin and inhibition of lipid oxidation.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2001

This study conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Korean medical herb residue on egg quality and serum cholesterol of laying hens under heat stress. One hundred forty four, 41 weeks old ISA brown commercial layer, were used in a 28 d growth assay with a 7d adjustment period. Dietary treatments Included 1) Control (basal diet), 2) KMHR1.0 (basal diet+1.0% korean medical herb residue), 2) KMHR2.0 (basal diet+2.0% Korean medical herb residue). For overall Period, laying hens fed KMHR1.0 diet were higher hen-day egg production than laying hens fed Control and KMHR2.0 diets with significant difference (quadratic effect, p<0.01). Egg weight, egg shell breaking strength and egg shell thickness were not influenced by Korean medical herb residue supplementation (P>0.05). As adding level of Korean medical herb residue increased in the diets, yolk color tended to increase, however, the differences failed to reach significance (P>0.05). Also, egg yolk index was not influenced by korean medical herb residue supplementation (P>0.05). Total-, HDL- LDL+VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in serum tended to increase as the concentration of Korean medical herb residue in the diets was increased without significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, supplementing 1.0% Korean medical herb residue to a corn SBM meal diet for laying hens increased hen-day egg production.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2009

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary acid hydrolysates of cocoon on laying performance, egg quality, blood level of immune substance and cholesterol in laying hens. The animals used in the experiment were a total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (41 weeks old). Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet), 2) SP1 (basal diet + acid hydrolysates of cocoon 0.05%), 3) SP2 (basal diet + acid hydrolysates of cocoon 0.1%) and 4) SP3(basal diet + acid hydrolysates of cocoon 0.2%) twelve laying hens were allotted to a block (pen) with five replicated. Through the whole period of experiment, egg production, egg weight, egg shell breaking strength and egg shell thickness were no significant difference. However, acid hydrolysates of cocoon treatments (SP1, SP2, SP3) significantly increase their egg yolk height and Haugh unit compared to control (P<0.05). IgG and WBC (white blood cell) contents in blood were higher in SP1, SP2, SP3 treatment compared to control (P<0.05). However, albumin and total protein content in blood were no significant difference. Phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol contents in serum were higher in SP1, SP2, SP3 treatment compared to control (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplement dietary acid hydrolysates of cocoon improved egg yolk height, Haugh unit, and blood level of phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol in laying hen.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1986

The Calorimetric experiment was made firstly to measure the difference in energy metabolisms of laying hens among their three different laying periods, secondly to estimate the energy requirements of the layers on their respective laying periods. The laying period was divided into three chronological periods of 25-40, 41-55, and 56-69 weeks old of laying hens, which are refered to as period I, II, and III respectively. 1) The fasting heat production (FHP) of laying hen on the three laying periods were 81.5 Kcal/kg$\^$0.75/ for period I, 72.3 Kcal/kg$\^$0.75/ for perod II, and 97.5 Kcal/kg$\^$0.75/ for perod III. The marked increase in FHP was found in period m, while there was a small difference in FHP between period I and II. The present study have observed among the birds in period in the high degree of plumage defectiveness, and this condition of bird might have accounted for the increase in FHP. 2) The regression equation between ME intake and energy retention (ER) were calculated, and the equations indicated that, for the period I, II, and III, the ME requirements for maintenance (MEm) were 123, 111, and 131 Kcal/kg$\^$0.75/ respectively, and that the Net Availabilities of Metabolizable energy (NAME) were 76, 79, and 74 percent respectively. For the whole laying period measured, MEm was 119 Kcal/kg$\^$0.75/ and NAME was 79 percent. There was a tendancy of higher MEm, and lower NAME during Period III, comparing with period I and II.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Three dietary herbs, Coptis japonica Makino (48.5%), Lonicera japonica Thunb (48.5%), and Morus alba L. (3%) were mixed and used as additives in hen's feed. One hundred-eight, 28-wk-old Lohmann Brown hens were assigned randomly with three diet treatments (0, 0.3, and 1% of herb mix). Hens were fed for 6 wks to investigate the effect of herb mix on the physicochemical quality of eggs during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ for 0, 3, 7, and 14 days. Proximate composition including the content of water, protein, fat, and ash had no difference among 3 diet treatments. Objective color of cooked whole egg from hens fed herb mix did not show any effect compared with control except for the color $a^*$- and $b^*$-values at day 3. However, color $a^*$- and $b^*$-values increased during storage regardless of treatment. From the texture analysis, eggs from hens fed with the herb mix were not different compared with control remove for springness at day 14. However, it was observed that springness and gumminess were decreased as storage period increased. Therefore, a dietary supplementation of herb mix to hen may not affect on proximate composition, color and texture of eggs.