• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.297-308
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• 2007

The AOPOD (Atmosphere Occultation and Precision Orbit Determination) system, the secondary payload of KOMPSAT (KOrea Multi-Purpose SATellite)-5 scheduled to be launched in 2010, shall provide GPS radio occultation data. In this paper, we simulated the GPS radio occultation characteristic of KOMPSAT-5 and retrieved electron density profiles using KROPS (KASI Radio Occultation Processing Software). The electron density retrieved from CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) GPS radio occultation data on June 20, 2004 was compared with IRI (International Reference Ionosphere) - 2001, PLP (Planar Langmuir Probe), and ionosonde measurements. When the result was compared with ionosonde measurements, the discrepancies were 5 km on the $F_2$ peak height ($hmF_2$) and $3{\times}10^{10}el/m^3$ on the electron density of the $F_2$ peak height ($NmF_2$). By comparing with the Laugmuir Probe measurements of CHAMP satellite (PLP), both agrees with $1.6{\times}10^{11}el/m^3$ at the height of 365.6 km.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.365-369
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• 2014

Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae) has been used traditionally in Ayurveda for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. 3,4-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)furan-2,5-dione (BDFD) was isolated from heart wood of Cedrus deodara and was shown to have antiepileptic and anxiolytic activity. Thus, the present study was aimed to explore its anti-depressant effect and to correlate the effect with serotonin and nor adrenaline levels of brain. Albino mice were used as experimental animal. Animals were divided in to three groups; vehicle control, imipramine (30 mg/kg i.p.), BDFD (100 mg/kg i.p.). Tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST) was performed to evaluate antidepressant effect of BDFD. BDFD (100 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant decrease in immobility time when subjected to FST whereas immobility time was not significantly altered in TST. BDFD treatment increased serotonin and noradrenaline levels in the brain which is indicative of BDFD having possible atypical antidepressant action.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 1999

Many domestic users complain about severe pain to the waist, neck, and shoulder as well as work performance because the domestic chair design was developed with western anthropometry dimension and design criteria. Ergonomic design standards are needed for office chair design to reduce stress and poor physical posture for various user body types. In this study, we have suggested design dimensions recommended from previous studies and Korean anthropometry data. We also have reviewed users' preference dimension through measured subjects and analyzed differences between users' preference dimension and the previous design criteria to verify physical appropriateness. We evaluated general office chairs and adjustable chairs which can adjust to fit each person. we also analyzed how each design dimension was reached and affected the human body by evaluation of physical discomfort and comfort. We have found seat height is very important in a workstation. If the seat height is high, it effects the thigh. If width, height, and angle of the backrest are wrong, fatigue to the shoulder, neck, and waist, etc.. As a result of this experiment, we suggested that the height of a seat for Koreans be 425mm for the fixed type and 365-484mm for the adjustable type. Also other design recommendations were suggested in the thesis. In conclusion, our research will be very important in the database because it provides adjustable ranges to fit user's body types in the various design fields.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 2006

Wave-front error(WFE) is the main parameter that determines the optical performance of the opto-mechanical system. In the development of opto-mechanics, WFE due to the main loading conditions are set to the important specifications. The deformation of the optical surface can be exactly calculated thanks to the evolution of numerical methods such as the finite element method(FEM). To calculate WFE from the deformation results of FEM, another approximation of the optical surface deformation is required. It needs to construct additional grid or element mesh. To construct additional mesh is troublesomeand leads to transformation error. In this work, the moving least-squares approximation is used to reconstruct wave front error It has the advantage of accurate approximation with only nodal data. There is no need to construct additional mesh for approximation. The proposed method is applied to the examples of GOCI scan mirror in various loading conditions. The validity is demonstrated through examples.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.365-370
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• 2012

In this study, Economic analysis of supercritical coal-fired power plant with $CO_2$ capture process was performed. For this purpose, chemical absorption method using amine solvent, which is commercially available and most suitable for existing thermal power plant, was studied. For the evaluation of the economic analysis of coal-fired power plant with post-combustion $CO_2$ capture process in Korea, energy penalty after $CO_2$ capture was calculated using the power equivalent factor suggested by Bolland et al. And the overnight cost of power plant (or cost of plant construction) and the operation cost reported by the IEA (International Energy Agency) were used. Based on chemical absorption method using a amine solvent and 3.31 GJ/$tonCO_2$ as a regeneration energy in the stripper, the net power efficiency was reduced from 41.0% (without $CO_2$ capture) to 31.6% (with $CO_2$ capture) and the levelized cost of electricity was increased from 45.5 USD/MWh (Reference case, without $CO_2$ capture) to 73.9 USD/MWh (With $CO_2$ capture) and the cost of $CO_2$ avoided was estimated as 41.3 USD/$tonCO_2$.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.131-135
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• 2014

Background: Cassava and corn milling is a growing small-scale enterprise in Africa. We aimed to determine the incidence of hand-arm musculoskeletal complaints among vibration-exposed Congolese cassava and corn millers in the previous 12 months. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, prior to a follow-up study, from March to May 2013 among cassava/corn millers in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo, in which 365 millers age-matched to 365 civil workers anonymously answered a questionnaire. Results: Overall incidence of hand-arm musculoskeletal complaints was 25.8% in millers (vs. 5.2% in civil workers; p < 0.001). The risk of experiencing musculoskeletal symptoms was seven times higher in millers [vs. civil workers; odds ratio (OR) = 7.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.03-12.50; p < 0.0001]; 2.4 times higher in smoking millers (vs. smoking civil office workers; OR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.42-3.88; p < 0.001); 3.6 times higher in millers with longer daily exposure (> 8 hours; vs. those working ${\leq}8$ hours; OR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.93-3.61; p = 0.026); and 7.4 times higher in young millers (vs. older millers, OR = 7.39; 95% CI: 1.29-75.52; p < 0.001). Smoking, number of cigarettes, and daily exposure duration were positively correlated with musculoskeletal complaints. Conclusion: This study revealed a relatively high incidence of musculoskeletal complaints among African cassava and corn millers. The use of anti-vibration protective equipment and the regulation of this hazardous occupation may reduce the burden of musculoskeletal disorders in millers.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

Objectives: In Korea, the top 10% of Medical Aid recipients represent nearly 60% of total payment, with the costs for those disabled for over 365 days representing approximately 30% of total payment. The purpose of this study was to compare Medical Aid use of the disabled with non-disabled recipients, and to identify contributing factors to the total payment in the top 2% of recipients identified as Medical Aid overusers. Methods: Subjects (n=2,211) selected were ${\geq}18$-years-of-age and received >1000 days of co-payment-free type I Medical Aid. Case managers (n=200) conducted interviews in December 2006, and collected data from Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Amounts over the 9 months from January September 2006 were analyzed descriptively and using Chi-square, ANCOVA, and robust multiple linear regression. Results: Disabled individuals (mean age 61.3 years) composed 36.6% of subjects; 44.8% of the disabled were male. On a monthly basis per capita, the disabled group averaged 10.5 outpatient days, total payment of 523,000 Korean Won(￦), inpatient payment of ￦359,000, and outpatient payment of ￦183,000. All values exceeded the monthly average for non-disabled individuals. Contributing factors were identified as male gender (￦82,000), elementary school or lower educational level (￦64,000), residence in a small city (￦82,000), lack of family support (￦61,000), kidney disability (￦673,000), intellectual disability (￦151,000), and multiple disabilities (￦119,000). Conclusions: The identification of contributing factors to Medical Aid use by those defined as disabled supports the adoption of comprehensive alternative policies such as strengthening of education and consultation services, provision of alternative facilities, and promotion of self-care.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.2-13
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• 2022

Purpose: This study assessed the status of the Development and Utilization of critical pathways (CP) in South Korea. Methods: We surveyed 195 hospitals obtained on the Korean Hospital Association website. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for staff members in charge of CP management personnel in these hospitals. The questionnaire included CP developed by the institutions, the coverage rates and completion rates of CP in the current year, and management indicators related to CP. The questionnaire also included CP support systems and content within the institutions and questions regarding the advantages of CP utilization and obstacles associated with the CP development process. Results: Analysis of the responses from 70 hospitals (35.9% response rate) showed that a total of 1,370 CP sets were developed. The number of CP related to surgery departments was 365 (26.6%), and CP related to surgery and procedure was 1,093 (79.8%), respectively. The CP coverage rate was the most frequently used indicator to monitor the effect of CP (97.1%), followed by the completion rate (90.0%) and the length of stay in hospital (61.4%). CP managers reported that CP were highly useful for communication (3.39±0.493) and accurate information provision (3.39±0.491). The perception that CP violated doctors' autonomy in treatment was relatively low (2.87±0.645). Conclusion: It is necessary to establish an infrastructure in hospitals for CP. CP can facilitate communication and provide accurate information.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.365-370
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• 2000

A sliding mode fuzzy control (SMFC) algorithm is applied to design a controller for a benchmark problem on a wind- excited building. The structure is a 76-story concrete office tower with a height of 306 meters, hence the wind resistance characteristics are very important for the serviceability as well as the safety. A control system with an active tuned mass damper is assumed to be installed on the top floor. Since the structural acceleration is measured only at ,limited number of locations without measurement of the wind force, the structure of the conventional continuous sliding mode control may have the feed-back loop only. So, an adaptive least mean squares (LMS) filter is employed in the SMFC algorithm to generate a fictitious feed-forward loop. The adaptive LMS filter is designed based on the information of the stochastic characteristics of the wind velocity along the structure. A numerical study is carried out. and the performance of the present SMFC with the ,adaptive LMS filter is investigated in comparison with those of' other control, of algorithms such as linear quadratic Gaussian control, frequency domain optimal control, quadratic stability control, continuous sliding mode control, and H/sub ∞///sub μ/, control, which were reported by other researchers. The effectiveness of the adaptive LMS filter is also examined. The results indicate that the present algorithm is very efficient .

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.365-368
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 시청자의 색상 특성을 고려하여 양안식 영상에서의 색상 불일치를 예측하는 방법을 제안했다. 먼저 색상 불일치 예측을 위한 주관적 평가로 색상 민감도 평가를 수행했다. 기본 세 채널 색 R, G, B에 대해 각각의 색상의 오차 범위를 결정한 후, 이를 기반으로 관심도와 복잡도를 평가하여 보다 세밀한 주관적 평가를 수행했다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안한 방법이 기존의 색상의 품질을 평가하기 위해 사용하는 유클리디안 색 거리 계산 방법과 US & Canadian Government Printing Offices의 품질 수준 규격(Qulaity Level Specifications)을 이용한 방법보다 효율적으로 색상 불일치 여부를 평가함을 확인했다.