• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2016

Purpose: Although each Waldeyer's ring sub-site is considered an independent prognostic factor, few studies have assessed the prognosis and treatment of tonsillar lymphoma. Treatment outcomes were analyzed in patients with primary tonsillar lymphoma who were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT). Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were evaluated, with a median follow-up of 53 months. Age, sex, and histology, amongst other factors, were reviewed. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were analyzed. Results: Most patients had Ann Arbor stage I-II (94.7%), IPI score of 0 (89.5%), and complete remission after chemotherapy (89.5%). The 5-year PFS and OS rates were 74.6% and 80%, respectively. In univariate analysis, the rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) regimen resulted in a better PFS than the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen (88.9% vs. 50.0%; p = 0.053). RT dose was related to the survival outcome (p = 0.010 for PFS, p = 0.044 for OS). Patients were classified into the CHOP + RT (>40 Gy) group and R-CHOP + RT (${\leq}40Gy$) group. The 5-year PFS rates were 50% in the CHOP + RT group, and 100 % in the R-CHOP + RT group (p = 0.018). The 5-year OS rates were 66.7% and 100%, respectively (p = 0.087). Conclusion: Primary tonsillar lymphoma patients typically have favorable outcomes. Chemotherapy (R-CHOP) combined with relatively lower dose consolidative RT may be safe and effective for primary tonsillar lymphoma.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-168
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• 2021

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated the usefulness of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in nutritional assessment and survival prediction of patients with various malignancies. However, its value in advanced gastric cancer (GC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and curative gastrectomy remains unclear. Materials and Methods: The CONUT score at different time points (pretreatment, preoperative, and postoperative) of 272 patients with advanced GC were retrospectively calculated from August 2004 to October 2015. The χ² test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to estimate the relationships between the CONUT score and clinical characteristics as well as short-term outcomes, while the Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate long-term outcomes. Survival curves were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results: The proportion of moderate or severe malnutrition among all patients was not significantly changed from pretreatment (13.5%) to pre-operation (11.7%) but increased dramatically postoperatively (47.5%). The pretreatment CONUT-high score (≥4) was significantly associated with older age (P=0.010), deeper tumor invasion (P=0.025), and lower pathological complete response rate (CONUT-high vs. CONUT-low: 1.2% vs. 6.6%, P=0.107). Pretreatment CONUT-high score patients had worse progression-free survival (P=0.032) and overall survival (OS) (P=0.026). Adjusted for pathologic node status, the pretreatment CONUT-high score was strongly associated with worse OS in pathologic node-positive patients (P=0.039). Conclusions: The pretreatment CONUT score might be a straightforward index for immune-nutritional status assessment, while being a reliable prognostic indicator in patients with advanced GC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and curative gastrectomy. Moreover, lower pretreatment CONUT scores might indicate better chemotherapy responses.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2002

불소원자(F)와 D$_2$ 기체 발열반응에 의해 레이저 이득매질인 DF 여기분자를 생성시키는 구조의 연속발진형 불화중수소 (DF)화학 레이저를 설계, 제작하고 발진 실험을 수행하였다. 불소원자는 F$_2$ 기체와 H$_2$ 기체를 연소시켜 생성시키고, 불소원자를 초음속 노즐을 통과시킨 직후에 D$_2$ 기체를 분사하여 형성된 DF 여기분자 초음속 흐름을 활성 매질로 사용하여 레이저를 발진시켰다. 본 연구에서 얻은 레이저 발진 출력은 101W이며, 최적의 유량조건에서 얻은 화학 효율은 5.12%, 비출력은 96.5 J/g이다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pelvic radiotherapy (RT) in patients with stage IV rectal cancer treated with resection of primary tumor with or without metastasectomy. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 112 patients with stage IV rectal cancer treated with resection of primary tumor between 1990 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-nine patients received synchronous or staged metastasectomy whereas fifty-three patients did not. Twenty-six patients received pelvic radiotherapy. Results: Median overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) of all patients was 27, 70, and 11 months, respectively. Pathologic T (pT), N (pN) classification and complete metastasectomy were statistically significant factors in OS (p = 0.040, 0.020, and 0.002, respectively). RT did not improve OS or LRFS. There were no significant factors in LRFS. pT and pN classification were also significant prognostic factors in PFS (p = 0.010 and p = 0.033, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, RT improved LRFS in patients with pT4 disease (p = 0.026). The locoregional failure rate of the RT group and the non-RT group were 23.1% and 33.7%, showing no difference in the failure pattern of both groups (p = 0.260). Conclusion: Postoperative pelvic RT did not improve LRFS of all metastatic rectal cancer patients; however, it can be recommended to patients with pT4 disease. A complete resection of metastatic masses should be performed if possible.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Purpose: The survival rate for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has improved significantly. However, overall prognosis for the 20 to 25% of patients who relapse is poor, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the best chance for cure. In this study, we identified significant prognostic variables by analyzing the outcomes of allogeneic HSCT in ALL patients in second complete remission (CR). Methods: Fifty-three ALL patients (42 men, 79%) who received HSCT in second CR from August 1991 to February 2009 were included (26 sibling donor HSCTs, 49%; 42 bone marrow transplantations, 79%). Study endpoints included cumulative incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse, 1-year transplant-related mortality (TRM), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Cumulative incidences of acute GVHD (grade 2 or above) and chronic GVHD were 45.3% and 28.5%, respectively. The estimated 5-year DFS and OS for the cohort was $45.2{\pm}6.8%$ and $48.3{\pm}7%$, respectively. Only donor type, i.e., sibling versus unrelated, showed significant correlation with DFS in multivariate analysis ($p$=0.010). The rates of relapse and 1 year TRM were $28.9{\pm}6.4%$ and $26.4{\pm}6.1%$, respectively, and unrelated donor HSCT ($p$=0.002) and HLA mismatch ($p$=0.022) were significantly correlated with increased TRM in univariate analysis. Conclusion: In this single institution study spanning more than 17 years, sibling donor HSCT was the only factor predicting a favorable result in multivariate analysis, possibly due to increased TRM resulting from unrelated donor HSCT.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.775-780
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• 2014

Objectives: TCR-gamma-delta+T cells (${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells) are non-conventional T lymphocytes that can recognize and eradicate tumor cells. Our previous studies showed that infiltration and function of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells were substantially attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their prognostic value was not clarified. Methods: The association between ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells and the clinical outcomes was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a HCC patient cohort (n = 342). Results:Immunohistochemistry showed decreased infiltration of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in tumoral tissues compared with paired peritumoral tissues. The counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral tissues were negatively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.005). Survival analysis showed that the levels of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells were related to both time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.010 and P = 0.036, respectively) in univariate analysis, and related to TTR in multivariate analysis (P = 0.014, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.682 [0.502-0.927]). Furthermore, the level of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells showed independent prognostic value for TTR in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A patients (P = 0.038, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.727 [0.537-0.984]). However, tumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells did not show independent prognostic value for either TTR or OS in HCC patients. Conclusions: Low counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral liver tissue are related to a higher incidence of recurrence in HCC and can predict postoperative recurrence, especially in those with early-stage HCC.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2016

Purpose: Undernutrition during hospitalization increases the risk of nosocomial infection and lengthens the disease courses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of weight loss during hospitalization in children. Methods: All the patients who were admitted in general wards between April and May 2014 were enrolled. Patients aged >18 years and discharged within 2 days were excluded. Weight loss during hospitalization was defined as a decrease in body weight of >2% in 8 hospital days or on the day of discharge. Patients who lost body weight during hospitalization were compared with patients who maintained their body weights. Significant parameters were evaluated by using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: We enrolled 602 patients, of whom 149 (24.8%) lost >2% of their body weight. Complaint of pain (p=0.004), admission to the surgical department (p=0.001), undergoing surgery (p=0.044), undergoing abdominal surgery (p=0.034), and nil per os (NPO) durations (p=0.003) were related to weight loss during hospitalization. The patients who had high weight-for-age tended to lose more body weight (p=0.001). Admission to the surgical department (odds ratio [OR], 1.668; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054-2.637; p=0.029) and long NPO durations (OR, 1.496; 95% CI, 1.102-2.031; p=0.010) were independent risk factors of weight loss during hospitalization. The patients with high weight-for-age tended to lose more weight during hospitalization (OR, 1.188; 95% CI, 1.029-1.371; p=0.019). Conclusion: Greater care in terms of nutrition should be taken for patients who are admitted in the surgical department and have prolonged duration of nothing by mouth.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4225-4231
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• 2014

Aim: To determine prognostic value of blood parameters on overall and progression-free survival in cases received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with diagnosis of stage I-III breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed files of 350 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who were treated in the Radiation Oncology Department of Kayseri Teaching Hospital between 2005 and 2010. Pretreatment white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, basophil and eosinophil counts, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were recorded. The relationship between clinicopathological findings and blood parameters was assessed. Results: Overall, 344 women and 6 men were recruited. Median age was $55.3{\pm}0.3$ years (range: 22-86). Of the cases, 243 (61.4%) received radiotherapy while 329 (94.3%), received chemotherapy and 215 (61.4%) received hormone therapy. Mean overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was 84.4 and 78.8 months, respectively. During follow-up, 48 patients died due to either disease-related or non-related causes. Local recurrence was detected in 14 cases, while distant metastasis was noted in 45 cases. In univariate analysis, age, pathology, perinodal invasion were significantly associated with overall survival, whereas gender, stage and hormone therapy were significantly associated with progression-free survival. In multivariate analysis, histopathological diagnosis (OR: 0.3; 95%: 0.1-0.7; p=0.006) and perinodal invasion (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.1-1.3; p=0.026) were significantly associated with overall survival, whereas tumor stage (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 0.0-0.7; p=0.014) and hormone therapy (OR: 2.1; 95%: 1.2-3.8; p=0.010) were significantly associated with progression-free survival. Conclusions: It was found that serum inflammatory markers including WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts, and NLR and PLR had no effect on prognosis in patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2000

This paper is dealing with the fundamental properties of planting concrete, replacing the existing cover concrete on the roof of a building. This study is to find out the physical characteristics of the planting concrete and rearing characteristics of the grass throughout the modeling experimental materials. As the results of the experiment, the physical properties of planting concrete show the following results; when the paste to aggregate ratio is 0.2~ 0.4, voids volume : 30~17%, unit weight: 1,710~2,010kg/m3, compressive strength : 45~145kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$, its pH is more than 11, but is reduced to the proper degree for planting after being neutralized. Kentucky bluegrass covered with planting concrete is grown well. The planting concrete used with blast furnace slag cement shows a better properties at the height, the width and the covering rate by 1.1cm, 0.5mm and 7%, respectively, than those used with ordinary portland cement. Also, the less the paste to aggregate ratio is, the better the plant grows. The orders of the effects of temperature control are as follows; the system of planting concrete with grass>the system of planting concrete without grass>the system of mixed soil>the existed roof system. In case, the planting concrete is placed to the roofs of buildings instead of normal concrete slab, and a number of favorable effect can be expected such as the improvement os environmental factors, the reduction of construction cost, the saving of energy and the reduction of environment load. The future research on the change of a variety of the aggregate conditions and the application of the practical structures should be made, and also the research of the endurance also be performed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.284-292
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• 2023

This study was conducted to optimize the cookie preparation using Israeli crap Cyprinus carpio paste (C-ICP). The results of response surface methodology suggested the selection of other supplementary materials/[soft flour (SF) + ICP] (X₁) and SF/ICP (X₂) as independent variables, and hardness (Y₁), yellowness (Y₂), amino acid nitrogen (Y₃), and overall sensory acceptance (Y₄) as dependent variables. The optimal conditions of OS, SF, and ICP were 35.0%, 40.3% and 24.7%, respectively, and the predicted values of the multiple response optimal conditions Y₁, Y₂, Y₃, and Y₄ were 2,006.2 N/m2, 21.1, 30.0 mg/100 g, and a score of 6.6, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, experimental values of Y₁, Y₂, Y₃, and Y₄ were 2,010.5 ± 22.3 N/m2, 21.6 ± 0.5, 29.6 ± 0.7 mg/100 g, and a score of 6.9 ± 0.3, respectively, which were not significantly different from the predicted values (P < 0.05). The results on hardness, moisture, VCI yellowness, and lightness suggested that the optimum heating period was 20 min. C-ICP prepared under the optimum conditions was superior in sensory evaluation to cookies without the Israeli carp paste.