• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to develop a computer-assisted patients menu planning program for hospital dietetics in order to improve the quality of menu for patients and to release managers from repetitive and routine tasks. Using this program, dietitians can spend more time on professional tasks. Moreover, few studies have been done on computer assisted patients menu planning for patients who need special diets for treatment in domestic hospital dietetics, therefore this program could be a great contribution. A 16-bit personal computer compatible with IBM-PC/AT was used. The data base files and processing program were created by Clipper package ver 5.0. This system can collect a number of meals, plan patients menu and computerize nutrient analysis. The future study will develop program(s) for purchasing, inventory control and data correction. The contents of computerized system are summarized as follows. 1. The number of daily meals of special and general diets given to the patients are collected and saved in database. These data were for the monthly list of meal census which could be printed out on the screen and/or the printer. 2. The menu planning was largely consisted of 2 sections. One was for the patients who require special diets and the other was general diet. And the special diets was divided into 6 sub-sections: diabetic, low-salt, low-fat, low-salt/low-protein, low-fat/low-cholesterol and low residue diets. 3. The nutrient analysis was composed of 11 diet. Sections and diebetic diet was divided into 9 sub-sections according to the calorie requirement. The calculated results were compared with the standards which were established by the hospital dietetic department.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2019

Objectives: Although water is essential for life and can supply essential minerals, studies that evaluate calcium intake through drinking water are limited. The aim of this study was to assess calcium contents of natural mineral water (NMW) and its possible contribution to calcium intake in healthy adults. Methods: This study examined water consumption in 640 Korean adults with self-selected diet, analyzed the calcium content of 10 different brands of bottled NMWs sold in Korea, and assessed the amount of calcium intake from drinking water and its daily contribution to the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of calcium. Results: Mean calcium content in 10 bottled NMWs was 20.9 mg/l. Daily water intakes from food composition database and calculated using energy intake based on 0.53 ml/kcal were 957.2 ml and 1109.8 ml for men and 848.3 ml and 951.6 ml for women, respectively, with a significant difference by gender (p<0.001). Daily drinking water intake was significantly higher among men than women (1203.9 ml vs. 1004.3 ml, respectively, p<0.001). Daily calcium intakes from foods were 564.0 mg for men and 534.2 mg for women. Daily possible calcium intakes from drinking bottled water were 25.2 mg for men and 21.0 mg for women (p<0.001). The contribution of daily calcium intake from drinking bottled water to RNI of calcium was 3.3% for men and 2.9% for women without significant difference. Conclusions: One half of the daily total water intake was consumed as drinking water, and possible calcium intake through drinking water was about 3% of RNI.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2002

As an useful water purification system for non-point source pollution in rural watersheds, interests in constructed wetlands are growing at home and abroad. It is well known that constructed wetlands are easily installed, no special managemental needs, and more flexible at fluctuating influent loads. They have a capacity for purification against nutrient materials such as phosphorus and nitrogen causing eutrophication of lentic water bodies. The Constructed Wetland Design Model (CWDM), developed through this study is consisted mainly of Database System, Runoff-discharge Prediction Submodel, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, and Area Assessment Submodel. The Database System includes data of watershed, discharge, water quality, pollution source, and design factors for the constructed wetland. It supplies data when predicting water quality and calculating the required areas of constructed wetlands. For the assessment of design flow, the GWLF (Generalized Watershed Loading Function) is used, and for water quality prediction in streams estimating influent pollutant load, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, that is a submodel of DSS-WQMRA model developed by previous works is amended. The calculation of the required areas of constructed wetlands is achieved using effluent target concentrations and area calculation equations that developed from the monitoring results in the United States. The CWDM is applied to Bokha watershed to appraise its application by assessing design flow and predicting water quality. Its application is performed through two calculations: one is to achieve each target effluent concentrations of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P, the other is to achieve overall target effluent concentrations. To prove the validity of the model, a comparison of unit removal rates between the calculated one from this study and the monitoring result from existing wetlands in Korea, Japan and United States was made. As a result, the CWDM could be very useful design tool for the constructed wetland in rural watersheds and for the non-point source pollution management.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.450-457
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• 2013

본 연구는 시판 중인 가공식품 라벨 표시정보를 수집하여 표시사항에 대한 정보를 소비자 개인의 용도에 따라 활용할 수 있도록 데이터베이스로 구축하고, 모바일 기반 서비스 시스템을 개발하기 위한 것이다. 시판중인 가공식품 라벨의 표시사항을 분석한 결과 원재료 영양정보 첨가물정보 함량 기준 등이 매우 난해하게 혼재되어 소비자가 라벨 정보의 내용을 파악하여 활용하기 어려운 실정이었다. 따라서 소비자 지향적인 식품표시 정보를 제공하기 위하여 현행 식품위생법의 식품표시기준에 따른 원재료, 첨가물, 영양성분 등 카테고리별로 정보를 재분류하여 데이터베이스화하였다. 이렇게 재가공한 정보를 토대로 소비자들이 가공식품 라벨표시 정보를 보다 과학적이고 명확하게 활용할 수 있도록 알고리즘을 개발하여 모바일기반 서비스 시스템에 활용하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.10-22
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• 2021

본 연구는 제7기 국민건강영양조사 (2016-2018) 자료를 활용하여 우리 국민의 영양과 건강에 중요한 영향을 미치는 영양성분 섭취량에 기여한 바가 높은 주요 식품 (Key Foods)으로 추출하고자 하였다. 주요 영양성분은 제7기 국민건강영양조사 (2016-2018) 자료에서 공개하는 영양소를 기준으로 건강과 밀접한 관련이 있는 17종의 영양소, 즉, 에너지, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방, 식이섬유, 칼슘, 인, 철, 나트륨, 칼륨, 비타민 A, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신, 비타민 C, 콜레스테롤, 당류를 선정하였다. 주요 식품 (Key Foods)의 선정은 하나 이상의 주요 영양성분에서 누적섭취기여도 85%에 포함되는 음식코드와 총 영양소기여도 점수를 활용하였다. 주요 식품 (Key Foods) 추출을 위한 자료원은 제7기 국민건강영양조사 중 식품섭취조사 자료를 활용하였으며, 분석대상자 수는 21,271명, 이들이 섭취한 식품 수는 1,728종이었다. 영양소 누적섭취기여도 85%를 기준으로 추출한 주요 식품은 728품목으로 이들 식품을 통해 조사 대상자의 영양소 섭취량의 94%가 설명되었다. 총 영양소섭취기여도 비율에 따라 상위 10위에 속하는 식품은 잡곡밥 (5.32%), 쌀밥 (4.23%), 우유 (3.3%), 배추김치 (2.82%), 삼겹살구이 (1.56%), 사과 (1.52%), 달걀후라이 (1.49%), 시리얼 (1.36%), 믹스커피 (1.21%), 고구마 (1.12%)이었고, 이들 상위 10위에 해당하는 식품이 전체 영양소 기여도의 23.93%를 차지하였다. 결론적으로 2016-2018 국민건강영양조사의 음식코드를 사용하여 하나 이상의 주요 영양소에서 영양소 섭취 기여도의 85% 이내에 포함되는 728종의 음식코드를 주요 식품으로 추출하였다. 본 연구결과 선정된 주요 식품 (Key Foods)은 국가영양성분 데이터베이스 구축과 개정을 위한 분석대상 식품 선정 시 우선적으로 분석이 필요한 식품으로 검토될 수 있고, 이들 식품의 분석을 통하여 국가 단위와 개인 단위의 식이섭취조사 자료 분석 시 필요한 최신의 맞춤형 식품영양정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.577-591
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• 2011

A food exchange system for diabetes is a useful tool for meal planning and nutritional education. The first edition of the Korean food exchange lists was developed in 1988 and the second edition was revised in 1995. With recent changes in the food marketplace and eating patterns of Koreans, the third edition of food exchange lists was revised in 2010 by the Korean Diabetes Association, the Korean Nutrition Society, the Korean Society of Community Nutrition, the Korean Dietetic Association and the Korean Association of Diabetes Dietetic Educators through a joint research effort. The third edition is based on nutritional recommendations for people with diabetes and focuses on adding foods to implement personalized nutrition therapy considering individual preferences in diverse dietary environment. Foods were selected based on scientific evidence including the 2007 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data analysis and survey responses from 53 diabetes dietetic educators. While a few foods were deleted, a number of foods were added, with 313 food items in food group lists and 339 food items in the appendix. Consistent with previous editions, the third edition of the food exchange lists included six food categories (grains, meat, vegetables, fats and oils, milk, and fruits). The milk group was subdivided into whole milk group and low fat milk. The standard nutrient content in one exchange from each food group was almost the same as the previous edition. Korea Food & Drug Administration's FANTASY (Food And Nutrient daTA SYstem) database was used to obtain nutrient values for each individual food and to determine the serving size most appropriate for matching reference nutrients values by each food group. The revised food exchange lists were subjected to a public hearing by experts. The third edition of the food exchange lists will be a helpful tool for educating people with diabetes to select the kinds and amounts of foods for glycemic control, which will eventually lead to preventing complications while maintaining the pleasure of eating.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.726-732
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 한국인 영양권장량 제 6차 개정에 수록된 자료, 식이 섭취 회상표, 식품의 섭 취량 및 목측량, 일반 상황분석 자료들을 database로 사용하여 하루 동안 섭취한 식품 및 영양소 함량을 신속하게 분석하고, 신체에 대한 일반 상황을 진단 및 평가할 수 있는 프로 그램을 개발하였다. 사용자는 개인자료입력 항목에 자 신의 이름, 성 별, 나이, 키, 체중 및 활동 정도를 입력하므로서 자신의 체중 범위, 표준 체중, 비만도, 기초 대사량, 체중과 활동 정도에 따른 열량 필요량, 1일 열량 필요량 및 이들의 섭취 열랑과의 과부족을 비교 평가한 자료를 얻을 수 있으며, 만약 사용자가 비만이 라면 체 중을 감소하기 위한 1일 열량 필요량도 얻을 수 있다 또한 음식 입력 항목에 자신이 섭취한 식품들을 24시간 식이섭취 회상법에 의하여 입력하므로서 식사구성안의 식품군별로 섭취횟수가 분석된 후 한국인 영양권장량 6차 개정안에 설정된 표준 섭취 횟수와 비교 평가되었다. 식사구성안의 식품군별 섭취량은 각각 열량 및 영양소별로 분석 평가되었고, 1일 영양소 섭취량을 권장량에 대하여 그래프로 나타내므로서 섭취된 영양소의 과부족을 쉽게 이 해할 수 있게 하였다. 식이지방질은 그 구성지방산의 종류에 따라 인체에 미치는 영향이 다르기 때문에 지방질 섭취상태를 분석함으로서 자신의 콜레스테롤 및 구성지방산의 섭취상태를 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 식사별 열량 및 영양소 섭취상태를 분석하여 각각의 영양소들이 어느 식사에서 섭취되는지를 쉽게 파악할 수 있게 하였으며, 식사별 열량영양소 섭취에 대한 구성비를 그래픽 분석하여 매 식사 때마다 섭취되는 열량영양소의 비율을 그림으로 쉽게 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 따라서 본 프로그램을 이용함으로서 개인과 집단의 식품 및 영양소 섭취상태에 대한 분석 평가를 신속하게 처리할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 균형 잡힌 식단을 계획하는데 유용한 자료로 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

Animal and crop production systems were integrated on a single farm. This integrated farming system recycled nutrients on the farm. The separation of animal and crop production with the introduction of cheap commercial fertilizers, farms were not used land-applied manure. The on-line manure matching is one of the emerging business in the achievement of recycling and resource recovery. The manure matching actively promotes the reuse and recycling of by-products and manure. This study constructs to manure matching information system to solve the exchange problems between herders and croppers. Manure matching web sites designed. This paper introduces a web-based animal manure matching system. A manure matching service, part of the manure transport, links farmers who produce excess manure with farmers who can use the manure. Farmers registered with the service have requested manure. The manure matching service supports the transport project by linking farmers with excess manure with those farmers who can utilize the manure safely as a nutrient source. The goal of the service is to protect water quality by fostering efficient land application. Benefits to those who use the manure network include reduced disposal costs, lower purchase costs and recycling of manure. The manure matching is based on the principle that 'one persons waste is another person's fertilizer.' It provides a free online matchmaking service for environmentally safe manure recycling management system.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1546-1557
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• 2023

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of extruded and unextruded feeding on the performance, milk composition, digestibility and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows through a meta-analysis. Methods: The database was compiled from 53 studies in Scopus and PubMed. The data were analyzed using a random effects model in OpenMEE software. Extruded feed was grouped as the experiment group while and the others as control group. The bias of publication in the main parameter of dairy performance was evaluated by a funnel plot. Results: The result showed that extruded feed enhanced the milk yield, dry matter and crude protein digestibility, butyrate and valerate acid production (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the extruded feed significantly decreased the milk fat and protein concentration (p<0.05). Also, the iso-butyrate and iso-valerate in unextruded feeding was significantly higher than the extruded feed (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded from the meta-analysis that extruded feed effectively improved the milk production and milk lactose concentration, dry matter and protein digestibility, but not the milk fat and protein concentration.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.1185-1195
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• 2024

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of wilted and unwilted silage on various parameters, such as nutrient content, fermentation quality, bacterial populations, and digestibility. Methods: Thirty-six studies from Scopus were included in the database and analyzed using a random effects model in OpenMEE software. The studies were grouped into two categories: wilting silage (experiment group) and non-wilting silage (control group). Publication bias was assessed using a fail-safe number. Results: The results showed that wilting before ensiling significantly increased the levels of dry matter, water-soluble carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, compared to non-wilting silage (p<0.05). However, wilting significantly decreased dry matter losses, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, and ammonia levels (p<0.05). The pH, crude protein, and ash contents remained unaffected by the wilting process. Additionally, the meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in bacterial populations, including lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and aerobic bacteria, or in vitro dry matter digestibility between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Wilting before ensiling significantly improved silage quality by increasing dry matter and water-soluble carbohydrates, as well as reducing dry matter losses, butyric acid, and ammonia. Importantly, wilting did not have a significant impact on pH, crude protein, or in vitro dry matter digestibility.