• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 1980

Hospital has a limited environment in which all different patients are accommodated and therefore it should always be maintained as clean as possible in all its aspects. However the habitation of cockroaches which may be frequently observed in hospital gives us a very unfavuoraqble impression. It may not b e difficult to presume that cocrkoaches carry various microganisms from ward to ward. This study was carried out from July to the end of August. 1979 with a total of 259 cockroaches captured from the three hospitals and general residences in Seoul. Investigation was made to see what kind o f organisms they were imbued with and the results obtained are summarized as follows. Totaly 1) The nine species of the microganisms were isolated from the captured cockroaches and the isolated rate was showed 96.6 ％. This organisms consisted of Aerobacter aerogenes（29.7% ). staphylocacci (22.4% ). gram negative bacilli（16.6％）. E. coli（10.4%), streptococci（9.7%). fugus（7.3), and yeast (0.4 ％). respectively. 2) The ratio of organism isolated from the cockroaches captured in each hospital appeared 98.6% in K hospital. 91.4% in P hospital and 100% in S hospital. respectively. 3) The total ratio of microganisms isolated from cockroaches captured in each ward of the hospitals was 96.9% and that by each ward was 96.0% in medical ward. 98.0% in surgical ward. 96.4% ill operating room. and 100% in infant care room. 4) The ratio of the microganisms isolated from the cockroaches captured in the kitchen of each hospital was 94.1% and that in the K and S hospitals was 100% and the P hospital. 83.3%. 5) The germ-carrying ratio of cockroaches captured from the jiving rooms and kitchens of general residences was 100%. 6) The staphylococci was isolated as 22.4% of 259 the corchrnahes and all of them belonged to negative coagulase. 7) Finaly. E. coli (10.4%) and Aevbarter aerogenes(29.7%) were isolted from the 259 cock-roaches. This was sugested that a great number of habitable cockroaches contacts directly with faces.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.147-159
• /
• 1989

The main Purpose of this survey was to identify for elements of an effective hospital infection control program for Korea. Nurses and doctors who had participated in an education program for infection control or were re s ponsible for hospital infection control were selected as data informers. The data were collected from 51 subjects by employing a Delphi technique in a series of three rounds from september 1, 1987, to March 31, 1988. IN each round the responses to questionaires were analyzed and the results were communicated back to the individuals. Finally 32 elements of effective hospital infection control program were reduced to 10 elements. 10 elements are as follows ; 1) Hospital administrator's knowledge of importance and necessity for HIC(hospital infection control) 2) Supporting HIC administratively 3) Constituting infection control committee and role of ICC 4) Developing an eductional program and providing a work manual for the hospital infection control staff 5) Educating and informing medical staff about hospital infection 6) Surveillance for hospital infection 7) Developing patient care technique 8) Controlling the hospital environment 9) Executing regular health examination of all medical staff 10) Recruiting the medical staff sufficiently Three rankings of response rate about 32 elements are as follows ; 1) Hiring a full tim staff member for the HIC(66%) 2) Establishing a hospital policy and standards for the HIC(66%) 3) Activating the infection control committee and taking administrative action to support the ICC(63%) In addition the rankings of importance score by Likert 5 scale are as follows ; 1) Washing hands scrupulously(4.88) 2) Nurses participation as key members of the ICC(4.75) 3) Reviewing and evaluating all ongoing aseptic techniques (4.69) In conclusion, first of all, administrative support must be given to hiring a full time staff member and to organization of infection control committee for the HIC in Korea.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.336-345
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe health in optimal fitness (HOF) in young children born prematurely and to analyze factors affecting HOF in health status, investment resources, and anthropological values, based on HOF theory. Methods: A case-control study of 76 children with preterm births (PTB) was conducted at 24 to 42 months of corrected age. Their HOF status was evaluated based on height, weight, head circumference, and the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II and classified as either HOF-achieved or HOF-uncertain in the domain of growth, development, and all together. Results: For growth, development, and all, 26.3%, 27.6%, and 47.4% of children, respectively, belonged to the HOF-uncertain group. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer length of hospital stay (${\geq}21days$; OR=7.8; 95% CI [1.5, 40.5]), worse scores on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) (${\geq}38$; OR=0.1; 95% CI [0.0, 0.4]), having a working mother, (OR=5.7; 95% CI [1.2, 27.6]), and an older mother (${\geq}35years$; OR=8.8; 95% CI [2.1, 37.3]) were statistically significant contributors of HOF-uncertain in the domain of all. Conclusion: Findings show that young children born prematurely with prolonged stays in a neonatal intensive care unit and insufficient socioeconomic resources at home are more likely to exhibit delayed growth and development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.531-539
• /
• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of infection anxiety about COVID-19 perceived by home appliance installers and repair technicians on work stress. Methods: To collect data, the purpose of the study was explained through the labor union of domestic home appliance service companies, and a survey was conducted through mobile to 286 home appliance installers and repair technicians who agreed to the survey. Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that age, fatigue, work satisfaction, visit time, and Corona 19 infection anxiety had a significant effect on work stress. In other words, the higher the age, the higher the fatigue, the lower the job satisfaction, the higher the work stress was when the visit time was more than 30 minutes, and the higher the Corona 19 infection anxiety, the higher the work stress. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the following suggestions are made. First, in order to prevent work stress, we propose the development of a workplace health care program that can solve fatigue. Second, it is necessary to prepare a working environment and provide institutional support to reduce work stress by increasing Job satisfaction. Third, a workplace quarantine measures is needed to prevent infection for essential-workers who do face-to-face work in preparation for possible infectious diseases in the future.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively interpret the practical adaptation experience of male nurses working shifts and to understand the meaning and essence. The data collection period was from September 2022 to November 2022 and in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 male nurses working at tertiary general hospitals, general hospitals, special hospitals and long-term care hospitals until content saturation. Data analysis was applied according to Colaizzi's phenomenological research method, and as a result of the study, 4 categories, and 11 theme were derived. The 4 categories consisted of 'Changes due to shift work', 'Difficulties arising from gender differences', 'Adaptation for job performance', and 'Growth and direction for the future'. Through this study, it was possible to explore the meaning of the practical adaptation experience of male nurses working in shifts, and it was found that it was necessary to develop and apply work environment improvement plans and male nurses' capacity building programs for nursing work.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.5-18
• /
• 2004

This study aims to investigate the use state of the health service computerization system in the occupational nursing field and the occupational nursers' satisfaction level, and provide basic data to promote the development of the health service computerization system for the nursing field. For this study, a questionnaire was provided to 118 occupational nurses who belong to Busan and Gyeongnam branches of KAOHN(Korean Association of Occupational Health Nurses) for 2 months (from Dec. 1, 2002 to Jan. 31, 2003). A tool of Choi Yong-Heui(2000) was used to investigate the satisfaction level of using the health service computerization system. The collected materials were analyzed in real number and percentage, average and standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA by using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. This study is summarized as follows: 1. The average age was $31.99{\pm}5.58$ old in this study. The married were 54.2%. Participants who graduated from a junior college was 76.9%. The average service period was $4.48{\pm}4.68$ years. In service types, 79.7% of participants served in a health care center. The average service period was $3.22{\pm}2.89$ years. The service place which had 1000 workers or more was 35.6%. 2. Only 20.3% of participants in this study had a computer use education. 3. The field who participants used mostly was communication/internet, $3.29{\pm}.85$ hours in average. 4. 97.1% of occupational fields had computers and peripheral devices: 71.4% in pentium computer, 42.8% in the hard disk capacity of 20-29GB, 60.0% in 15 inch monitors, 86.2% in printers, 18.1% in digital cameras, 12.4% in LAN, and 9.5% in scanners. 80.1% of the occupational fields which were objects of study could use communication. 5. The occupational fields which did not introduced the health service computerization system were 62.8%. The main cause was attributable to entrepreneurs' insufficient recognition 66.6%. 51.5% of the entrepreneurs did not have an introduction plan. 37.2% of participating companies had the health service computerization system. 56.4% of them introduced it since the year 2000. 81.6% of the introduction motivation aimed to the efficiency of health service. The most issue upon introduction was insufficient understanding of a person in charge - 25.6%. The in-house development of the system covered 56.4%. 61.5% of the participants accepted their demands from the first stage of development. The direct effect of computerization showed the increase of 25.9% in the quickness and continuity of service treatment, and 25.9% in the serviceability of statistical treatment. 6. 22.0% of the participants had a computerization system use education. 69.2% of them had a in-house education. An educational method by nurses who used the computerization system was 76.9%. 92.3% of the education was helpful for practical duties. 7. An analysis of the computer use by health service fields showed that the medicine management in a health management field was 15.9%. the work environment measuring management in a work environment filed was 32.9%. the employment. general and special examination management in a heal th management field was 61.1 %. the various reports management in an administrative field was 64%. the health education data preparation management in an educational field was 58.0%. and the medicine and expendables management in an equipment management field was 51.6%. An analysis of the computerization system use showed that the various statistical data manage in a health management field was 13.0%. the work environment measuring management in a health management field was 34.8%. the personal disease management in a health management field was 51.9%. the heal education data preparation management in an educational field was 54.5%. and the equipment management of health care centers in an equipment management field was 52.6%. 8. 31.6% of the participants wanted that health service computerization system would include the generals of health services. 42.4% of the participants thought that first of all. the aggressive interest and investment of employers were required to build the health service computerization system. 9. The participants' satisfaction level on the computerization system use was $3.51{\pm}.57$ points. An analysis by each factor showed $3.62{\pm}.68$ points in a service change factor. $3.15{\pm}.63$ points in a computer program use factor, and $3.45{\pm}.71$ points in a continuous computerization use factor. 10. An analysis of the computerization system use by general characteristics of participants showed that the married (p = .022) had the satisfaction level higher than the unmarried. 11. The satisfaction level of the computerization system use by participants' computer use ability tended to be higher in proportion to the increase of computer use abilities in spreadsheet (F=2.606. p=.048). presentation (F=3.62. p=.012) and communication/internet(F=2.885. p=.0321. Based on the study results mentioned above. I will suggest as follows : The nationwide enlargement and repetition study is required for occupational nurses who serve in occupational nursing fields. The computerization system in a health service field is inferior comparing with other fields. The computerization system standard by business types and characteristics should be prepared through employers's aggressive participation and national support. Therefore various statistical data which occurs in occupational fields will be managed systematically and efficiently. A regular and systematic computer education plan for occupational nurses in charge of health services in the filed is urgently required to efficiently manage and improve the health of on-site workers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.597-615
• /
• 1994

This study is designed to facilitate the creation of home environment conducive to the family taking care of chronic bed-ridden patients with more effective method. The need for this study has emerged against the background of marked changes in the structure of ailments and causes of death, resulting in the number and plights of chronic bed-ridden patients as well as of a rapid increase in demand for medical care and resulting premature discharge. Keeping these in mind, this study focused on home-wards where the majority of chronic bed-ridden patients are being cared for. Despite. their overriding importance, home-words are less than efficient in caring (or chronic bed-ridden patients. These circumstances require the designing of home-wards that can offer greater comfort to patients and at the same time make things easier for caregivers, on the basis of an overall analysis of patients' life and home - ward situation. According1y this study adopted a Participant Observation Method derived cultural anthropology, Toward this end, 3 patients were chosen as subjects of this study for intensive interviewing and participant observation. In the process of this field re-search efforts were made to collect emprical data, that is, to faithfully record the words of the subjects and their caregivers for analysis and interpretation. The findings of these analyses are as follows. Firstly, the chronic bed-ridden patients are mostly being taken care by close family members. Secondly, a room for the exclusive use of the patient, floor, kitchen, bathroom and multipurpose space were found to be necessary for proper caring of the patient. These spaces were respectively used with a view to 1) accomodating the patient as well as caregivers' activities, 2) keeping general and medical supplies and other appliances for patient's care and drying the patient's washing, 3) preparing and keeping the patient's foods and beverages, 4) keeping the supplies necessary for cleaning the patient's body and treating the patient's eliminations, 5) washing the patient's clothes, underwears and bedclothes. The patient's room in turn is subdivided into six portions in terms of uses : specifically the places for accomodating 1) the patient, 2) medical supplies, 3) medicines, 4) linens St clothes, 5) bedclothes and, 6) diapers. Thirdly, the activities of the caregiver are subdivided into seven key areas : hygiene, exercise, diet, elimination, therapeutic nursing, prevention of sore, and other activities. Each area is further classified into several different activities of caring. These activities we mainly carried out in the patient's room. Fourthly, the supplies for caring the chronic bed-ridden patient is divided into two large domains : medical and general supplies. Finally, three main problems areas were found in this study on the part of caregivers, that is, sore prevention, hygiene problem related frequent urination / defecation, the caregiver's physical, psych ological and emotional burden. In consideration of the aforesaid problem areas, a model home-ward was developed in this study. The newly-developed model has been found to have the following six advantages. Firstly, the time and effort required for maintaining the patient's hygiene are reduced, thus relievins the caregiver's physical and psychological bur-den. Secondly, the patient's hygiene can be maintained in satisfactory conditions, because the patient's eliminations are more easily removed. Thirdly, skin irritations caused by the patient's eliminations were remarkably reduced and so were the patient's sores due to moisture and bacteria. Fourthly, the home-ward have a tilt-table ef-fect thanks to the inclining room floor. This improves the patient's cardiovascular function as well as constantly changes pressed skin areas and thus prevents sores. Fifthly, improved shelf arrangements help make the best use of patient's supplies. Sixthly, the trouble of continuously changing clothes, underwears, diapers & bedclothes is remarkably reduced simply by covering the patient with cotton sheets when laid in bed. This is espected to cut down expenses by reducing the comsumptions of diapers and other disposable supplies.

• The Journal of the Korean Institute of Forest Recreation
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2018

This is a cross-sectional study that suggests ways to activate forest welfare services (FWS) by investigating the infrastructure, service status, and perception on FWS in Korea. In August 2016, a structured email survey was conducted in nation widely. The respondents were mostly directors and general secretary (75.0%). The considerable number (16.3%) of nursing homes (NH) use some floors of the complex buildings that would be difficult to have FWS infrastructure and about 30% of those without forests near the facilities. The directors of NH recognize that FWS has positive effects on the elderly. However, FWS is not an requisite of the longterm care insurance benefit, and so costly and effort-intensive that FWS has not been activated so far. In order to activate FWS in NHs, it is necessary to develop and disseminate the guidelines on FWS that anyone can easily followed. In addition, when the National Health Insurance Corporation evaluates NHs, they should evaluate not only whether there is a wandering or walking space, but also whether it has forest healing factors such as forests. It is also necessary to create a barrier-free environment both inside and outside of NHs, increasing accessibility to the toilet in gardens, paving a passage for wheelchairs and lifts in forests near NHs. Through these efforts, it is expected that FWS will be activated to provide physical, mental rest and comfort, appropriate cognitive stimulation to the NH residents at the end of life.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.383-397
• /
• 2017

We attempted to develop a problem-based learning (PBL) module for integrated education in dental hygiene with the aim of helping students gain clinical competencies necessary for dental hygienist work. To develop the PBL Module for Clinical Dentistry in Dental Hygiene course, the researchers identified literature related to not only educational technology, but also medical science, nursing, dentistry, and dental hygiene. During the design phase of the PBL module, problem scenarios and a plan for the teaching and learning process were developed. Developing problem scenarios involved describing a problematic situation and three questions related with that situation. To cultivate competencies required in dental clinics, each question was related to the diagnosis of a dental disease, dental treatment, and dental hygiene procedures for care. Teaching-learning process plan included the designs of operating environment, operational strategies, learning resources, facilitation of problem-solving process, and evaluation. It is necessary to evaluate the PBL module for integrated education in dental hygiene to confirm its effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.33-47
• /
• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify personal and social environmental factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior among elementary school students. Methods: Cross-sectional self-reported data were collected from a conveniently clustering sample population of 1538 grade 5 to 6 students attending 19 elementary schools in Seoul metropolitan city and Gyeonggi province. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: In multiple logistic regression analyses, significant factors that were associated with schoolchildren's physical activity were gender, father's job, social support for physical activity, friend support, participation in school physical education class. Father's education level, mother's job, family functioning and urban residents were significantly associated with TV viewing and gender, age, BMI(obesity), mother's job, family functioning and urban residents were significantly associated with playing computer games among elementary schoolchildren. These results showed that physical activity among elementary school students was most associated with social environmental factors and sedentary behavior among school students was most associated with personal and family environment factors. Conclusion: Health care providers should develop interventions to improve these family and social environmental factors to increase physical activity levels and to decrease sedentary behavior among elementary schoolchildren.