• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2008

The jet pumps are widely used to transfer the fuel between the tanks in an aircraft fuel supply system. However detailed design procedures for determining the size of components of the jet pumps are not known so well. In this paper, the flow characteristics of the jet pump, which is applied in the fuel transfer system for the smart UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), were experimentally investigated using the acrylic jet pump model for the visualization of the internal flow. The pressure distributions within the jet pump were measured, and then the loss coefficients of each part were calculated. The effects of Reynolds number and the distances (S) between the exit of the primary nozzle and the mixing chamber entrance were investigated. In addition, cavitation phenomena were considered through the flow visualization inside the jet pump. As a conclusion from the experiment, the contraction shape of the primary nozzle has a strong effect on the loss coefficient of the nozzle and the cavitation occurrence. Cavitation starts around the nozzle exit, and then it propagates to the full flow fields of the jet pump.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2013

Objective : Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen has been used by East Asian doctors who approved efficient clinical effects of it since the early stage of medical history. It is commonly used for lifestyle related diseases including stroke in recent days thanks to the increasing number of manufacturers. However, products from pharmaceutical companies as well as food companies are not classified as Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen but Bamboo vinegar. This study aims to discern disparate manufacturing process. Methods : In this study, original texts were searched to corroborate the correct method to produce Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen. It is essential to inspect the original texts thoroughly in the course of modernizing traditional knowledge. Result : Discrimination between the two substances starts from manufacturing process; Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen is made under the temperature of less then $170^{\circ}C$, containing mild fragrance and sweet taste, and the Bamboo vinegar over $170^{\circ}C$ upto $400^{\circ}C$, carrying strong smoky scent and acidness. Although some researches show conforming clinical actions of both products, still there is a possibility that closer clinical study would reveal their discrepancy. Conclusion : Current use of Bambusae vinegar needs speculation. Authenticity in proper manufacturing process can be attained through passed-on medical texts.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-61
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• 2014

Using statistic and bibliometric methods to characterize scientific cooperation between China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) and South Korea through their bilateral co-authored papers covered by the Science Citation Index CD-ROM, 1991-2010, in our paper we exploit the feature of their cooperation in four levels: time sequence, academic community, key fields, and institution distribution. From the time sequence we know that collaboration between China and Korea starts in 1991, reaching the first peak during 2004-2007. As for the academic community, the number of Chinese corresponding authors (2414) is slightly lower than that of Korea (2700). Regarding the 27 high yield authors, there are only 4 coming from China. Korea has a higher active level than Chinese authors. China and Korea tend to cooperate with each other on strong disciplines such as physics, chemistry, material science, engineering, mathematics, pharmaceutical, computer science and biology. Furthermore, they also attach great importance to basic research and high-tech cooperation. Besides, Chinese Academy of Sciences ranks at the top 1 among the distribution of institutions. As a majority of the collaborative institutions are universities, the participation of non-university institutions is relatively low. There are 7 Korean universities among the top ten institutions, while Yanbian University and Tsinghua University in China rank respectively as third and fourth. Seoul National University, accompanied by Korea University and Yonsei University as the three top Korean universities, is also among the top among the cooperating institutions.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.245-249
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• 2010

Much interest on the thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) has recently been attracted in commercial fields as well as scientific and applied research. The TPEs have their own characteristic area especially in relation with block copolymers as well as many other polymeric materials, since they show interesting features displayed by the conventional vulcanized rubber, and at the same time, by the thermoplastics. In addition, they are characterized by a set of interesting properties inherent to block and graft copolymers, variety of blends and vulcanized materials. The importance of TPE as organic materials can be evaluated by the number of published reports (papers, patents, technical reports, etc). For the suitable introduction of the TPE, historic, scientific, technical and commercial considerations should be taken into account. This review article starts with a brief discussion on historical considerations, followed by a introduction of the main preparations and analytical techniques utilized in chemical, structural, and morphological studies. The properties, processing tools, the position among organic materials, and applications of TPEs are also briefly reviewed. Finally, the most probable trends of their future development are discussed in a short final remarks.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.259-276
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• 2001

Hitchcock, "a master of the thriller" "leading figure of thriller", was famous for his work style. He never starts filming until completing a perfect conception in his mind before shooting. He started filming after getting a perfect filming plan adding a picture even one detailed shot picture. Also the movie costumes was not an exception in his movie. He put more main object to express a symbolic meanings by recreating movie costumes which were fit to drama′s subject than function which spoke for contemporary popularity also he guides actors to put on the movie costumes examined previously to shape a definite visual character in that works. This research intends not only to look into symbolic and expressive means of dresses through the movie costumes on thriller appeared in Hitchcock′s movie, but also the comprehension width by grasping importance of the movie-costume and dress image in the movie. Hitchock made about 55 movies, mostly thriller movies, from Number 13(1922) n unfinished work to family plot(1976) ones posthumous work. This research examined his the second half of term works(after 1950) such s Rear Window(1954), Vertigo(1958), Psycho(1960), Torn Curtain(19660, Topaz(1969) and Frenzy(1972) which are generally familiar to the public. In conclusion, we can find that the thriller movie costumes as well s the other movie and appeared a character of the film′s characters, social rank, economic level, personality. But expecially, a costume of Hitchcock′s thriller movie can be contained a characteristic factor of a kind of five.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Since the 21st century, major cities in Vietnam faced housing shortage and there was a lack in office spaces. As a result, construction companies from over seas provided mixed-use apartment as a new type of urban housing. A large number of mixed-use apartments are built in big cities such as Hanoi and Ho-chi-minh City. However, research on mixed-use housing in Vietnam is insufficient. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of mixed-use apartments and have an effect on the development of urban housing in Vietnam. This study focuses on examining the planning characteristics of mixed-use apartments in Hanoi. The research will be based on 10 mixed-use apartments that are already built or expected to be built in a few years. Therefore, this study starts by looking into the history of the Vietnamese urban housing. The study focuses on the transformation of urban housing since 2000. Then, the study will mainly focus on examining the mixed-use apartments in different aspects, in order to analyze the planning characteristics.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.343-346
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• 2002

Toward more accurate determination of the water cycle in association with climate variability and change as well as baseline data on the impacts of this variability on water resources, the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP) was launched on July 1,2001. The preliminary data period, EOP-1, was implemented from July to September in 2001. The first annual enhanced observing period, EOP-3, is going to start on October 1,2002. CEOP is seeking to achieve a database of common measurements from both in situ and satellite remote sensing, model output, and four-dimensional data analyses (4DDA; including global and regional reanalyses) for a specified period. In this context a number of carefully selected reference stations are linked closely with the existing network of observing sites involved in the GEWEX Continental Scale Experiments, which are distributed across the world. The initial step of CEOP is to develop a pilot global hydro-climatological dataset with global consistency under the climate variability that can be used to help validate satellite hydrology products and evaluate, develop and eventually predict water and energy cycle processes in global and regional models. Based on the dataset, we will address the studies on the inter-comparison and inter-connectivity of the monsoon systems and regional water and energy budget, and a path to down-scaling from the global climate to local water resources, as the second step.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.2357-2363
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• 1997

In this paepr, we show that the length of the test sequence can be reduced using non-minimal multiple UIO instead of minimal multiple UIO. Our test sequence generation method starts from the observation that Shen's approach cannot optimize the length of the test sequence whtn the difference between the number of incoming edge and that of outgoing edge is large. Usig the property, we propse a more efficient method to generate a UIO-based test sequence in terms of the length, and compares our method with other existing methods in terms of execution time for comformancetesting and time for generation of test sequence.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11d
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• pp.330-333
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• 2002

Even if the train of subway starts in a certain interval from the origin according to the operation plan. as the number of passenger gets increased during operation. the boarding and getting-off time will increase, and the temporary breakdown happens to the system of train during operation, causing the delay from the operation plan. this leads to the vicious circle of train operation. making the interval of train operation irregular in downtown especially. To solve this problem, we propose the method of advanced algorithm by the actual data relating to the train operation including operation time required between stations, distance between stations. capability of train, and the dwelling time, location and distance between the preceding train and next one. The central train control system adjusts the dwelling time at each station in order to recover the delayed time, and increase the operation speed at the each station. As control algorithm is applied the dwelling time and to increase the speed, the train maintains certain interval after certain amount of time passes.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.115-128
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• 2023

Deep learning has been incorporating various optimization techniques motivated by new pragmatic optimizing algorithm advancements and their usage has a central role in Machine learning. In recent past, new avatars of various optimizers are being put into practice and their suitability and applicability has been reported on various domains. The resurgence of novelty starts from Stochastic Gradient Descent to convex and non-convex and derivative-free approaches. In the contemporary of these horizons of optimizers, choosing a best-fit or appropriate optimizer is an important consideration in deep learning theme as these working-horse engines determines the final performance predicted by the model. Moreover with increasing number of deep layers tantamount higher complexity with hyper-parameter tuning and consequently need to delve for a befitting optimizer. We empirically examine most popular and widely used optimizers on various data sets and networks-like MNIST and GAN plus others. The pragmatic comparison focuses on their similarities, differences and possibilities of their suitability for a given application. Additionally, the recent optimizer variants are highlighted with their subtlety. The article emphasizes on their critical role and pinpoints buttress options while choosing among them.